Risk for adolescent health due to chemical contamination of food and food stock

© 2018, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved. Based on the data on the volume of food consumption data according to the results of the actual nutrition study among the adolescents at the age of 15-17 they calculated the intake of chemical contaminants with local food products and food raw materials. They determined the main food products for adolescents, where chemical contaminants occur most frequently: fruits and vegetables, meat, grain, fish, drinks and milk. They determined the systems most susceptible to the total nonspecific effects at 95%: circulatory, cardiovascular, central nervous and reproductive systems. By the influence of imported products on functional systems they revealed circulatory system and the cardiovascular system. With combined intake of pollutants by food intake, the total hazard index for non-carcinogenic effect development by domestic products (HI) made 9.36 (95%), for imported products HI made 3.1 (95%)

Features of laboratory indices in workers of chemical production with occupational skin diseases

Changes of haematological and biochemical indices depending on the nosological entities of occupational diseases and the gender were analyzed in workers of chemical complex. Changes of these indices depending on the gender identity were revealed in workers with skin hyperkeratinization at the conduction of medical examination. Eosinophilia, lymphocytosis and leukopenia were revelaed in men with hyperkeratinization, increase of hemoglobin quantity and leukopenia were revealed in women with hyperkeratinization. There were no differences depending on the gender in patients with skin cancer

Volatile profiling reveals intracellular metabolic changes in Aspergillus parasticus: veA regulates branched chain amino acid and ethanol metabolism

Background: Filamentous fungi in the genus Aspergillus produce a variety of natural products, including aflatoxin, the most potent naturally occurring carcinogen known. Aflatoxin biosynthesis, one of the most highly characterized secondary metabolic pathways, offers a model system to study secondary metabolism in eukaryotes. To control or customize biosynthesis of natural products we must understand how secondary metabolism integrates into the overall cellular metabolic network. By applying a metabolomics approach we analyzed volatile compounds synthesized by Aspergillus parasiticus in an attempt to define the association of secondary metabolism with other metabolic and cellular processes. Results: Volatile compounds were examined using solid phase microextraction - gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In the wild type strain Aspergillus parasiticus SU-1, the largest group of volatiles included compounds derived from catabolism of branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine); we also identified alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and lipid-derived volatiles. The number and quantity of the volatiles produced depended on media composition, time of incubation, and light-dark status. A block in aflatoxin biosynthesis or disruption of the global regulator veA affected the volatile profile. In addition to its multiple functions in secondary metabolism and development, VeA negatively regulated catabolism of branched chain amino acids and synthesis of ethanol at the transcriptional level thus playing a role in controlling carbon flow within the cell. Finally, we demonstrated that volatiles generated by a veA disruption mutant are part of the complex regulatory machinery that mediates the effects of VeA on asexual conidiation and sclerotia formation. Conclusions: 1) Volatile profiling provides a rapid, effective, and powerful approach to identify changes in intracellular metabolic networks in filamentous fungi. 2) VeA coordinates the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites with catabolism of branched chain amino acids, alcohol biosynthesis, and b-oxidation of fatty acids. 3) Intracellular chemical development in A. parasiticus is linked to morphological development. 4) Understanding carbon flow through secondary metabolic pathways and catabolism of branched chain amino acids is essential for controlling and customizing production of natural products

Volatile profiling reveals intracellular metabolic changes in Aspergillus parasiticus: veA regulates branched chain amino acid and ethanol metabolism

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Filamentous fungi in the genus <it>Aspergillus </it>produce a variety of natural products, including aflatoxin, the most potent naturally occurring carcinogen known. Aflatoxin biosynthesis, one of the most highly characterized secondary metabolic pathways, offers a model system to study secondary metabolism in eukaryotes. To control or customize biosynthesis of natural products we must understand how secondary metabolism integrates into the overall cellular metabolic network. By applying a metabolomics approach we analyzed volatile compounds synthesized by <it>Aspergillus parasiticus </it>in an attempt to define the association of secondary metabolism with other metabolic and cellular processes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Volatile compounds were examined using solid phase microextraction - gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In the wild type strain <it>Aspergillus parasiticus </it>SU-1, the largest group of volatiles included compounds derived from catabolism of branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine); we also identified alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and lipid-derived volatiles. The number and quantity of the volatiles produced depended on media composition, time of incubation, and light-dark status. A block in aflatoxin biosynthesis or disruption of the global regulator <it>veA </it>affected the volatile profile. In addition to its multiple functions in secondary metabolism and development, VeA negatively regulated catabolism of branched chain amino acids and synthesis of ethanol at the transcriptional level thus playing a role in controlling carbon flow within the cell. Finally, we demonstrated that volatiles generated by a <it>veA </it>disruption mutant are part of the complex regulatory machinery that mediates the effects of VeA on asexual conidiation and sclerotia formation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>1) Volatile profiling provides a rapid, effective, and powerful approach to identify changes in intracellular metabolic networks in filamentous fungi. 2) VeA coordinates the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites with catabolism of branched chain amino acids, alcohol biosynthesis, and β-oxidation of fatty acids. 3) Intracellular chemical development in <it>A. parasiticus </it>is linked to morphological development. 4) Understanding carbon flow through secondary metabolic pathways and catabolism of branched chain amino acids is essential for controlling and customizing production of natural products.</p

Diagnostics of endowments of students of higher education institutionin the field of art and creative activityby means of the Internet resource

The relevance of the problem considered in article is caused by need of tool ensuring identification, development, diagnostics and escort of the gifted youth studying in higher education institution, in various areas of creative activity at different educational steps and stages of personal development.Актуальность проблемы, рассматриваемой в статье, обусловлена необходимостью инструментального обеспечения выявления, развития, диагностики и сопровождения одаренной молодежи, обучающейся в вузе, в различных областях творческой деятельности, на разных образовательных ступенях и этапах личностного развития

Six-membered cyclic semiaminal as intermediate in the synthesis of thiazoles from thiosemicarhazide and α-haloketones

Cyclization of thiosemicarbazide with methyl 3-chloro-2-oxo-3-phenylpropionate in MeCN results in 5-hydroxy-2-imino-5-methoxycarbonyl-6-phenylperhydro-1,3,4-thiadiazine. The structure of the product has been confirmed using spectral (IR,1H,13C,13C{1H} NMR) methods and chemical transformations. © 1994 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Оптимизация антибактериальной терапии у пациентов с эндо-пародонтальными поражениями

To improve the quality and effectiveness of medical care for patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases, it is necessary to search for new approaches in both diagnosis and treatment. The aim of our study is to determine the effect of the diode laser on the pathogenic microflora of periodontal pockets and root canals in patients with endo-periodontal lesions (EPL). We carried out a comparative assessment of the bacterial contents of the root canals and periodontal pockets by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) before and after treatment with a diode laser (Doctor Smile Simpler, wavelength 980 nm) for 54 patients with EPL. The control group consisted of 56 patients who were treated according to the generally accepted method, including professional oral hygiene, endodontic treatment, and curettage of periodontal pockets. Evaluation criteria were a qualitative assessment of the content of periodontopathogens in the root canal and periodontal pocket before and after and treatment. As a result of our study, we found a statistically significant (p&lt;0.01) reduction in the colonization of periodontal pockets and root canals in patients with EPL after laser decontamination. The high technological effectiveness of the methods used in combination with the low risk of complications at the stages of endodontic and periodontological treatment provides an antibacterial effect and reduces the duration of inflammation. The results of treatment of patients using a diode laser give reason to recommend their use in the dental practice.Для повышения качества и эффективности оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с воспалительными заболеваниями пародонта необходим поиск новых подходов к диагностике и лечению патологии. Целью исследования было изучить влияние излучения диодного лазера на патогенную микрофлору пародонтальных карманов (ПК) и корневых каналов (КК) у пациентов с эндо-пародонтальными поражениями (ЭПП). Проведена сравнительная оценка бактериального содержимого КК и ПК методом полимеразно-цепной реакции (ПЦР) до и после лечения с применением стоматологического диодного лазера (Doctor Smile Simpler, длина волны 980 нм) у 54 пациентов с ЭПП. Группу контроля составили 56 пациентов, которым проводилось лечение по общепринятой методике, включающей профессиональную гигиену рта, эндодонтическое лечение и кюретаж ПК. Критерием оценки явилось качественное содержание пародонтопатогенов в КК и ПК до и после лечения. Выявлено статистически значимое (p&lt;0,01) снижение обсемененности ПК и КК у пациентов с ЭПП после лазерной деконтаминации. Высокая технологичность использованных методик в сочетании с низкими рисками осложнений на этапах эндодонтического и пародонтологического лечения обеспечивает антибактериальный эффект и сокращает продолжительность воспалительных явлений. Результаты лечения пациентов с применением диодного лазера дают основание рекомендовать их использование в практике врача-стоматолога

The institution of Tutoring in Health-Preserving: Risk and Sustainability Factors

Introduction. Nowadays, specialists of different scientific directions note the growing trend in the deterioration of physical and mental health of younger generation, largely resulting from the health cost of education. In this regard, it is important to develop the institution of tutoring as a pedagogical innovation, which will ensure the formation of a healthy, active, purposeful and responsible personality, who can successfully live in a rapidly changing world.The aim of the article was to identify the factors, which have to be taken into consideration, when organising and implementing master’s education in the direction “Health-Preserving Tutor”. Methodology and research methods. Leading methodological approaches, when studying future tutors’ readiness for health-preserving activities, were anthropological, personality-oriented and environmental. The authors designed the programme of complex diagnostics “Harmony”, which included the following methodologies: evaluation of satisfaction with physical condition (according to Giesener Beschwerdebogen, GBB); self-evaluation of mental state (H. J. Eysenck); “Value orientations” (M. Rokich); the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (T. Holmes, R. Rage); questionnaires “Need for tension in terms of health” (Z. I. Tyumaseva, A. A. Tsygankov, I. L. Orekhova) and “The level of development of recreational activity” (G. V. Valeeva, V. S. Misharina).Results and scientific novelty. The structure and the concepts of “tutoring” and “tutoring support in health-preserving” were specified. The components of the tutors’ readiness for health-preserving activity were revealed: psycho-emotional, psycho-physical, cognitive and value-motivational. In the course of pedagogical experiment, the factors of risks and sustainability, which influence the formation of tutors’ readiness for health-preserving activity, were identified. A diagnostic program was developed to identify the factors. Practical significance. The developed diagnostic tool can be employed when assessing the level of readiness formation for health-preserving activity among students and tutors. The materials of the research can be useful to specialists, who are engaged in vocational training of tutors, as well as to teachers, heads of educational organisations and undergraduates of pedagogical higher education institutions.Введение. Специалисты разных научных направлений констатируют нарастающую тенденцию ухудшения физического и психического здоровья подрастающего поколения, что в значительной степени обусловлено здоровьезатратностью образования. В связи с этим актуализируется развитие института тьюторства как педагогической инновации, обеспечивающей формирование здоровой, активной, целеустремленной и ответственной личности, способной успешно адаптироваться в быстро меняющемся мире. Цель изложенного в публикации исследования – выявить факторы, которые необходимо учитывать при организации и реализации обучения магистрантов-педагогов, выбравших профиль «Тьютор по здоровьесбережению». Методология и методики. Методологическую базу работы составили антропологический, личностно ориентированный и средовый подходы к изучению готовности будущих тьюторов осуществлять здоровьесберегающую деятельность. Авторская программа комплексной диагностики «Гармония» была сконструирована на основе методик оценки удовлетворенности физическим состоянием (по Гиссенскому опроснику); самооценки психического состояния (по Айзенку); ценностных ориентаций (М. Рокич); определения стрессоустойчивости и социальной адаптации Холмса и Раге; анкет «Потребностное напряжение в отношении оздоровления» (З. И. Тюмасева, А. А. Цыганков, И. Л. Орехова) и «Уровень развития представления об оздоровительной деятельности» (Г. В. Валеева, В. С. Мишарина). Результаты и научная новизна. Уточнена структура и содержание понятий «тьюторство» и «тьюторское сопровождение в здоровьесбережении». Выявлены и охарактеризованы психоэмоциональный, психофизический, когнитивный и ценностно-мотивационный компоненты готовности тьютора к здоровьесберегающей деятельности. В ходе педагогического эксперимента выявлены группы факторов риска и устойчивости, оказывающие влияние на формирование у тьюторов такой готовности. Предложена программа диагностики, позволяющая фиксировать данные факторы.Практическая значимость. Разработанный диагностический инструментарий позволяет проводить мониторинг готовности к здоровьесберегающей деятельности не только у студентов, но и у практикующих тьюторов. Материалы исследования будут полезны для специалистов, занимающихся профессиональной подготовкой тьюторов, а также для преподавателей, руководителей образовательных организаций и магистрантов педагогических вузов