Electrochemical investigations of surfactants influence on copper ions cementation

The paper presents the results of experiments aimed to determine the effect of surfactants on the cementation rate and activation energy. The study was carried out on model solutions with the addition of surfactants. The results of the study showed that sodium lignosulfonate in a mixture with sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate increases the cementation rate over the entire range of studied concentrations. It is noted that the addition of individual surfactants leads to an increase in activation energy. Activation energy increases according to following order: sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate → sodium dodecyl sulfate → sodium lignosulfonate. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-19-00186Leaching experiments and grade size analysis were conducted at the expense of the Russian Science Foundation grant (project No. 18-19-00186)

Effect of a sorbent composition based on aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane on the reproductive system of <i>db/db</i> female mice with genetically determined obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus are characterized by the accumulation of toxic metabolic products in the internal environment of the organism. The development of innovative medicines based on a sorbent matrix modified with  biologically active molecules remains relevant. The sorbent composition from aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane is considered promising. The aim of the study. To investigate the effect of the sorbent composition from aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane on the uterus and ovaries of db/db  mice with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. The sorbent composition (0.665 g/kg in 200 μl of distilled water) was administered to 14-week-old animals through an intragastric tube once a day for 7 days. The comparison groups were female rats injected with placebo (daily intragastrical administration of 200 µl of water for 7 days) and intact animals. Digital images of light-optical preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin were processed using Image-Pro Plus 4.1 software. In the ovaries, the numerical density of primordial, primary, secondary follicles and corpus luteum was determined. The width of the uterus layers, the diameters of the blood and lymphatic vessels, the width of the interstitial fissures in both organs were measured. The statistical significance of differences was determined using the Mann – Whitney test. Results. In the myometrium and endometrium of the uterus of db/db mice, dilatation of arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels and edema were noted due to the accumulation of tissue fluid in the interstitium layers. There were no tertiary follicles in the ovaries. The introduction of the sorbent composition contributed to a decrease in the diameters of arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels of the uterus, a decrease in edema in both organs due to the narrowing of the prelymphatic slits, and stimulated an increase in the numerical density of secondary follicles. Conclusion. A corrective effect of the sorbent composition of aluminum oxide and  polydimethylsiloxane on prelymphatic slits, blood and lymphatic vessels in the uterus and ovaries in db/db mice with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus was revealed

PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS AS TOOLS TO SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODEL GRADUATE OF THE BASIC PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS OF HIGHER EDUCATION «THE TECHNOLOGY OF IMAGE IN THE INDUSTRY OF FASHION AND BEAUTY»

В статье рассматривается основные подходы к разработке модели выпускника основной профессиональной образовательной программы высшего образования «Технологии имиджа в идустрии моды и красоты»The article deals with the main approaches to the development of the model of the graduate of the basic professional educational program of higher education "technologies of image in the fashion and beauty industr

Брыжеечные лимфатические узлы при моделировании рака прямой кишки и в условиях химиотерапии

The purpose of the study was to find out the typical morpho-functional changes in mesenteric lymph nodes of Wistar rats after modeling of rectal cancer and intraperitoneally injected cytostatic therapy with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin. Malignant epithelial tumor (dimorphous cancer) invaded the wall of the rectum was detected 11 months after instillation of chemical carcinogens. Under conditions of tumor growth, significant changes in structural organization, activation of proliferative process and blast transformation in areas responsible for cellular and humoral immune response were found in mesenteric lymph nodes. Similar changes occurred against the background of intranodular redistribution of lymph to the cortical intermediate sinuses influencing on changes in cytoarchitectonics in areas responsible for detoxification processes and antitumor resistance. Under conditions of intraperitoneal injection of chemical agents, activity of proliferation and blast transformation in germinal centers and paracortical area was maintained, that, however, was followed by signs of suppression of immune responses in brain strands. Activation of indirect lymph flow and redistribution of lymph flow into cortical, intermediate and brain sinuses took place. Nonuniformity of structural transformations in 1 and 2 mesenteric lymph nodes related to different regions of lymph collection was noted. Increase in transport function of the mesenteric lymph nodes was observed.Цель исследования – выявление характерных морфофункциональных преобразований в брыжеечных лимфатических узлах при моделировании рака прямой кишки экспериментальным животным (крысы Вистар) и цитостатической терапии внутрибрю- шинным путем (5-фторурацил и лейковарин). Спустя 11 мес после инстилляции химического канцерогена в стенке прямой кишки выявлена злокачественная эпителиальная опухоль – диморфный рак. В условиях роста злокачественной опухоли прямой кишки в брыжеечных лимфатических узлах выявлены признаки значительных изменений структурно-клеточной организации, активации процессов пролиферации и бласттрансформации в зонах, ответственных за клеточное и гуморальное звенья иммунитета. Подоб- ные преобразования имели место на фоне внутриузлового перераспределения лимфы в корковые промежуточные синусы, что и повлияло на изменения цитоархитеконики в зонах органа, ответственных за процессы детоксикации и противоопухолевую рези- стентность. В условиях внутрибрюшинного способа введения химиопрепаратов наблюдалось сохранение активности процессов пролиферации и бласттрансфомации в герминативных центрах и паракортикальной зоне, что, однако, сопровождалось признаками подавления иммунологических процессов в мозговых тяжах. Имела место активация непрямого пути тока лимфы, перераспреде- ление ее в корковые промежуточные и мозговые синусы. Отмечается неравномерность структурно-клеточных преобразований в 1-м и 2-м брыжеечных лимфатических узлах, связанная с разными регионами сбора лимфы. Транспортная функция брыжеечных лимфатических узлов увеличилась

The isolated proteolytic domain of Escherichia coli ATP-dependent protease Lon exhibits the peptidase activity

AbstractSelective protein degradation is an energy-dependent process performed by high-molecular-weight proteases. The activity of proteolytic components of these enzymes is coupled to the ATPase activity of their regulatory subunits or domains. Here, we obtained the proteolytic domain of Escherichia coli protease Lon by cloning the corresponding fragment of the lon gene in pGEX-KG, expression of the hybrid protein, and isolation of the proteolytic domain after hydrolysis of the hybrid protein with thrombin. The isolated proteolytic domain exhibited almost no activity toward protein substrates (casein) but hydrolyzed peptide substrates (melittin), thereby confirming the importance of the ATPase component for protein hydrolysis. Protease Lon and its proteolytic domain differed in the efficiency and specificity of melittin hydrolysis

Аcinetobacter baumannii bv Tryptophandestruens bv nov. isolated from clinical samples

The aim of the study was to determine the taxonomic status of a group consisting of atypical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, outline relevant characteristics and methods necessary for their identification. There were examined 10 strains of A. baumannii (6 of them primary comprised) bearing similar profile of atypical features isolated from clinical samples (urine, sputum) in 2017–2019 at the Military Medical Academy. Сlinical strains of typical A. baumannii (n = 36), Acinetobacter nosocomialis (n = 14), Acinetobacter pittii (n = 9) and 1 strain of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus isolated from the external environment were used in comparative studies. Atypical strains had the characteristics of A. calcoaceticus — A. baumannii (ACB) complex bacteria and were identified as A. baumannii. The utilization of substrates as the only carbon source was studied on a dense synthetic medium added with 0.2 % substrate during incubation for 72 hours at 37°C. Carbohydrate oxidation coupled to acid formation was detected on the Hugh–Leifson medium by using a micromethod. Aromatic amino acid biotransformation was carried out in liquid and dense nutrient media assessed in chromogenic reaction. The rpoB gene was used for strain genetic characterization. Amplification of two 940 and 1210 base pair (bp)-long fragments from the rpoB gene was performed by the routine polymerase chain reaction using primers with previously described sequences. Amplification products were sequenced by Sanger using Big Dye Terminator v3.1 (Applied Biosystems, USA) and capillary electrophoresis on an automatic sequencer ABI PRISM 3130 (Applied Biosystems, USA), followed by using methods for determining the similarity levels of sequenced fragments with the rpoB gene sequences of the reference strain A. baumannii ATCC 17978 (GenBank accession no. CP053098.1). It was found that all strains belonging to atypical A. baumannii spp. had a specific set of features that distinguish them from typical strains of A. baumannii as well as other types of the ACB complex: detected biotransformation of L-tryptophan (via anthranilate pathway) and anthranilic acid under unambiguous lack of such signs in other bacteria; lack of utilized sodium hippurate and L-arabinose being unambiguously evident in other bacteria; lack of utilized L-tryptophan, putrescine, L-ornithine being utilized in the majority of strains of belonging to other bacterial species. Genetic analysis showed that the control strains of typical A. baumannii displayed 99.20–99.21% similarity within the sequenced fragments of the rpoB gene with those from the rpoB gene of the reference strain. All 10 strains of atypical A. baumannii had similar features (99.20–99.21%). At the same time, parameters of control strains from other bacterial species significantly differed: A. nosocomialis (95.10–95.97%), A. pittii (94.63–94.92%), A. calcoaceticus (93.00%). Hence, the strains of atypical and typical A. baumannii are genetically homogeneous and belong to the same species. The data presented allow us to consider this group of atypical A. baumannii strains as a new biovar. We propose the name for this new biovar — tryptophandestruens (tryptophan-destroying) stemming from the Latin word destruens — destroying. Identification of A. baumannii bv. tryptophandestruens bacteria can be carried out in laboratory of any level by using tests for L-tryptophan biotransformation as well as sodium hippurate utilization

Виробництво м’ясних сиров’ялених снеків: перспективи та конкуренто-спроможність

The article presents the results of the study of consumer expectations on the example of the “standard” sample of meat dries snacks. The purpose of the work is to study consumer expectations of raw meat products and to study the competitiveness of this product on the Ukrainian market, as well as the impact of quality on this indicator. Nutrition is one of the main determinants of human health. In recent years there has been a disturbance of the nutrition structure due to changes in the rhythm of life and a decrease in the consumption of biologically valuable nutrition components. Unfortunately, the accelerated pace of life of a modern person makes her resort to food on the go. To satisfy this need people can have such products as snacks. Snacks, as a rule, are ideal for solving this problem – It is available natural dry products ready for use and packaged in individual packaging, which allows them to be used anywhere and in all conditions. Meat snack products quite recently appeared on the domestic market and attracted the attention of the consumer as a protein-containing product. The evaluation and comparison of the competitiveness of meat snacks presented on the consumer market of Kyiv with a “standard” sample has been carried out. The study was conducted using statistical methods of quality assessment. Roasted meat snacks are a new product on the market of Ukrainians, but their popularity is growing. With the necessary balance between the indicators of economy, safety and consumer desirable organoleptic indicators, the profitability of this segment of food production will only increase. The research of the competitiveness of meat snacks proves that the consumer is interested in their purchase, and therefore producers should pay attention to the development of this type of products.У статті наведені результати дослідження споживчих очікувань на прикладі “еталонного” зразка м’ясних сиров’ялених&nbsp; снеків. Харчування – один із найголовніших факторів, що визначають здоров’я людини. В останні роки спостерігається порушення структури харчування, зумовлене зміною ритму життя і зниженням споживання біологічно цінних компонентів харчування. На жаль, прискорений темп життя сучасної людини, змушує її вдаватися до харчування на ходу. Задовольнити цю потребу людей можуть такі продукти як снеки. Снеки, як правило, ідеально підходять для вирішення цієї проблеми – це доступні натуральні сухі продукти, готові до вживання і розфасовані в індивідуальну упаковку, що дозволяє їх застосовувати в будь-якому місці і в будь-яких умовах. М’ясна снекова продукція досить недавно з’явилася на вітчизняному ринку і привернула до себе увагу споживача як білкововмісний продукт. Проведено оцінювання та порівняння конкурентоспроможності м’ясних снеків, які представлені на споживчому ринку м. Києва, з “еталонним” зразком. Дослідження проводилось з використанням статистичних методів оцінки якості. Сиров’ялені м’ясні снеки є новим продуктом на полицях українців, проте їх популярність набирає обертів. При дотриманні необхідного балансу між показниками економічності, безпечності та бажаними для споживача органолептичними показниками, рентабельність даного сегменту харчового виробництва буде лише зростати. Дослідження конкурентоспроможності м’ясних снеків доводить, що споживач зацікавлений в їх придбанні, а отже виробникам варто звернути увагу на розробку цього виду продукції

EXPERIMENTAL MODELING OF APOPTOSIS UNDER CONDITIONS OF STABLE STRONTIUM EXPOSURE

Apoptosis is defined as a highly regulated form of programmed cell death with typical morphological and biochemical features. A variety of factors, including heavy metals, may influence the intensity of programmed cell death. The aim of the work was to simulate apoptosis in an in vitrosystem under the conditions of stable strontium exposure. The children’s population consuming drinking water with high strontium (Sr2+) content (n = 49) was observed. The level of lymphocyte apoptosis was determined with flow cytometry technique, by means of labeled annexin V-FITC conjugate (AnnV-FITC) and propidium iodide (PI) staining. AnnV-FITC+PI- cells were regarded as early apoptotic forms, whereas late apoptotic and/or necrotic cells were AnnV-FITC+PI+. The isolated leukocytes were incubated with Sr2+ at a concentration of 7.0 mg/l, the maximal permitted concentration (MPC) for water of aqueous objects, for 4 hours at 37 ºC. Expression of CD95 and p53 apoptosis markers was performed by flow cytometry using labeled monoclonal antibodies.In vitroexposure to strontium was associated with significantly decreased expression of apoptosisregulating factors, i.e., membrane marker CD95 and intracellular transcription protein p53, 1.56- and 1.68-fold, respectively. Meanwhile, we revealed a significantly (4.68-fold) decreased amounts of AnnV-FITC+PI--cells, as well as a statistically significant (1.35-fold) increase of the AnnV-FITC+PI+-cells. Moreover, the amounts of AnnV-FITC+ PI--lymphocytes in all samples were below the physiological ranges and control values. The number of samples with higher contents of AnnV-FITC+PI+-lymphocyte exceeding the established standards and control values, was 30.8%. Thus, it has been experimentally proven that strontium, at a concentration corresponding to MPC for water objects may significantly inhibit cell death along apoptotic pathways, with switching to necrotic cell death mechanisms, according to phosphatidylserine contents, as detected by annexin V binding test. The data have revealed an ability of strontium to have a significant effect upon the parameters of regulation and maintenance of cellular homeostasis, by influencing the apoptosis intensity, due to shifting a balance towards necrosis and reducing expression of apoptosis-regulating factors. The results of this study may be used in order to identify some marker indexes of immune disorders potentially induced by external influence of strontium upon human health under specific environmental factors

СHANGES OF IMMUNOREGULATORY INDEXES IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO STRONTIUM

Evaluation of the immune system parameters can be used in order to assess capacity to adapt under conditions of increased external chemical load, including exposure to metals, which can exert either activating and inhibitory effects upon immune regulation parameters. The aim of this work was the analysis of immunoregulatory markers in a children’s population who consumed water with high strontium content (a sample from the Perm region). We carried out immunological evaluation of the children aged 7 to 12 years, living at a territory with a high strontium content in the drinking water. The comparison group included children from the conventionally clean region. We studied differential changes in cellular immunity (phagocytosis rates), humoral factors of immune defense (serum immunoglobulins), development of specific sensitization for strontium, as well as the processes of apoptosis triggering and regulation. A 3.68-fold increase in strontium levels was shown in fresh water within observation area, and the average  blood strontium content in the children of appropriate observation group was 1.55-fold higher than in children of the comparison group. At the same time, 1.2-fold increase in phagocytic activity determined as phagocytic number and phagocytic index was found, as compared to the control group. In 80% of the subjects, a reduction in serum IgG level was observed when compared to physiological norm, as well as a significant decrease in IgG and enhance in IgM production against the levels found in the comparison group. Wehave also shown an enhanced total sensitization in 55.0% of the observation group as shown by the total IgE test compared with normal age ranges, as well as excessive specific sensitization to strontium by 2.49 times, according to the IgG criterion. Disturbance in apoptosis triggering was associated with decreased number of CD95+ lymphocytes and TNFR1+ cells (2.8-fold compared to reference values), shifted balance in apoptogenic proteins, an average of 2.6-fold decrease in Bcl-2 expression, a 2.8-fold reduction of the p53 transcription factor expression relative to the reference interval. Thus, we have shown an ability of strontium excess in drinking water to influence the most important indices of immune regulation in pediatric population. These changes may serve as indices of populational health status under of external strontium exposure

RESEARCH OF EFFECTIVE WAYS TO REDUCE THERMAL LOSSES IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE PROCESSES AND INSTALLATIONS

В работе проанализированы эффективные способы снижения тепловых потерь через стенку в высокотемпературных процессах и установках. Построены графики зависимости расхода топлива от потери количества теплоты через кладку, график зависимости плотности количества теплоты от температуры стенки.The paper analyzes effective ways to reduce heat loss through the wall in hightemperature processes and installations. Graphs of the dependence of fuel consumption on the loss of the amount of heat through the masonry, and a graph of the dependence of the density of the amount of heat on the wall temperature are constructed