51 research outputs found
The changing clinical pattern of endemic Burkitt lymphoma in Western Africa: Experience from a tertiary center in Ghana
Abstract Background Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is the most common childhood cancer in Ghana, where the endemic variant is the predominant subtype and historically presents as a highly chemo-sensitive jaw tumor. This study aimed to update the current epidemiological characteristics of childhood BL in our institution. Procedure Patient data for all children diagnosed with BL and seen at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital between January 2007 and December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results BL was diagnosed in 173 children
Correlated Strength in Nuclear Spectral Function
We have carried out an (e,e'p) experiment at high momentum transfer and in
parallel kinematics to measure the strength of the nuclear spectral function
S(k,E) at high nucleon momenta k and large removal energies E. This strength is
related to the presence of short-range and tensor correlations, and was known
hitherto only indirectly and with considerable uncertainty from the lack of
strength in the independent-particle region. This experiment confirms by direct
measurement the correlated strength predicted by theory.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. Let
Transverse momentum dependence of semi-inclusive pion production
Cross sections for semi-inclusive electroproduction of charged pions
() from both proton and deuteron targets were measured for
, GeV, , and GeV. For
GeV, we find the azimuthal dependence to be small, as expected
theoretically. For both and , the dependence from the
deuteron is found to be slightly weaker than from the proton. In the context of
a simple model, this implies that the initial transverse momenta width of
quarks is larger than for quarks and, contrary to expectations, the
transverse momentum width of the favored fragmentation function is larger than
the unfavored one.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures. Fit form changed to include Cahn effect Minor
revisions. Added one new figur
Applications of quark-hadron duality in F2 structure function
Inclusive electron-proton and electron-deuteron inelastic cross sections have
been measured at Jefferson Lab (JLab) in the resonance region, at large Bjorken
x, up to 0.92, and four-momentum transfer squared Q2 up to 7.5 GeV2 in the
experiment E00-116. These measurements are used to extend to larger x and Q2
precision, quantitative, studies of the phenomenon of quark-hadron duality. Our
analysis confirms, both globally and locally, the apparent violation of
quark-hadron duality previously observed at a Q2 of 3.5 GeV2 when resonance
data are compared to structure function data created from CTEQ6M and MRST2004
parton distribution functions (PDFs). More importantly, our new data show that
this discrepancy saturates by Q2 ~ 4 Gev2, becoming Q2 independent. This
suggests only small violations of Q2 evolution by contributions from the
higher-twist terms in the resonance region which is confirmed by our
comparisons to ALEKHIN and ALLM97.We conclude that the unconstrained strength
of the CTEQ6M and MRST2004 PDFs at large x is the major source of the
disagreement between data and these parameterizations in the kinematic regime
we study and that, in view of quark-hadron duality, properly averaged resonance
region data could be used in global QCD fits to reduce PDF uncertainties at
large x.Comment: 35 page
Scaling of the F_2 structure function in nuclei and quark distributions at x>1
We present new data on electron scattering from a range of nuclei taken in
Hall C at Jefferson Lab. For heavy nuclei, we observe a rapid falloff in the
cross section for , which is sensitive to short range contributions to the
nuclear wave-function, and in deep inelastic scattering corresponds to probing
extremely high momentum quarks. This result agrees with higher energy muon
scattering measurements, but is in sharp contrast to neutrino scattering
measurements which suggested a dramatic enhancement in the distribution of the
`super-fast' quarks probed at x>1. The falloff at x>1 is noticeably stronger in
^2H and ^3He, but nearly identical for all heavier nuclei.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be submitted to physical revie
Nuclear transparency and effective kaon-nucleon cross section from the A(e, e'K+) reaction
We have determined the transparency of the nuclear medium to kaons from
measurements on C, Cu, and Au targets.
The measurements were performed at the Jefferson Laboratory and span a range in
four-momentum-transfer squared Q=1.1 -- 3.0 GeV. The nuclear
transparency was defined as the ratio of measured kaon electroproduction cross
sections with respect to deuterium, (). We further
extracted the atomic number () dependence of the transparency as
parametrized by and, within a simple model assumption,
the in-medium effective kaon-nucleon cross sections. The effective cross
sections extracted from the electroproduction data are found to be smaller than
the free cross sections determined from kaon-nucleon scattering experiments,
and the parameter was found to be significantly larger than those
obtained from kaon-nucleus scattering. We have included similar comparisons
between pion- and proton-nucleon effective cross sections as determined from
electron scattering experiments, and pion-nucleus and proton-nucleus scattering
data.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
The Onset of Quark-Hadron Duality in Pion Electroproduction
A large data set of charged-pion electroproduction from both hydrogen and
deuterium targets has been obtained spanning the low-energy residual-mass
region. These data conclusively show the onset of the quark-hadron duality
phenomenon, as predicted for high-energy hadron electroproduction. We construct
several ratios from these data to exhibit the relation of this phenomenon to
the high-energy factorization ansatz of electron-quark scattering and
subsequent quark-to- pion production mechanisms.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett. Tables adde
New measurements of high-momentum nucleons and short-range structures in nuclei
We present new measurements of electron scattering from high-momentum
nucleons in nuclei. These data allow an improved determination of the strength
of two-nucleon correlations for several nuclei, including light nuclei where
clustering effects can, for the first time, be examined. The data also include
the kinematic region where three-nucleon correlations are expected to dominate.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. Results from JLab E02-01
Scaling study of the pion electroproduction cross sections and the pion form factor
The H()n cross section was measured for a range of
four-momentum transfer up to =3.91 GeV at values of the invariant
mass, , above the resonance region. The -dependence of the longitudinal
component is consistent with the -scaling prediction for hard exclusive
processes. This suggests that perturbative QCD concepts are applicable at
rather low values of . Pion form factor results, while consistent with the
-scaling prediction, are inconsistent in magnitude with perturbative QCD
calculations. The extraction of Generalized Parton Distributions from hard
exclusive processes assumes the dominance of the longitudinal term. However,
transverse contributions to the cross section are still significant at
=3.91 GeV.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Study of the A(e,e') Reaction on H, H, C, Al, Cu and Au
Cross sections for the p()n process on H, H, C,
Al, Cu and Au targets were measured at the Thomas
Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) in order to extract the
nuclear transparencies. Data were taken for four-momentum transfers ranging
from =1.1 to 4.8 GeV for a fixed center of mass energy of =2.14
GeV. The ratio of and was extracted from the measured
cross sections for H, H, C and Cu targets at = 2.15
and 4.0 GeV allowing for additional studies of the reaction mechanism. The
experimental setup and the analysis of the data are described in detail
including systematic studies needed to obtain the results. The results for the
nuclear transparency and the differential cross sections as a function of the
pion momentum at the different values of are presented. Global features
of the data are discussed and the data are compared with the results of model
calculations for the p()n reaction from nuclear targets.Comment: 28 pages, 19 figures, submited to PR
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