40 research outputs found
The Impact of Digital Transformation on Business: Industry Review
The essence of this work is to determine the definition and content of the digital economy, conducted an analytical study of various aspects of the digital economy and the effectiveness of its development in the main sectors of the economy using a comparative-method. In this paper positive effects were found which undoubtedly simplify and automate working processes and improve the consumer experience, but have a negative impact on the environment
Association of genotypes of cows of the Kholmogory breed by beta-casein with milk productivity
The aim of the study is to identify the frequency of occurrence of various allelic variants and genotypes of beta-casein in cows of the Kholmogory breed and their relationship with dairy productivity. The tasks of the research are genotyping of cattle of the Kholmogory breed by the beta-casein locus and establishing its connection with qualitative and quantitative indicators of dairy productivity. As the objects for the research there were taken 150 cows of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd lactation. An allele-specific variant of the PCR method (AS-PCR) was used to identify A1 and A2 beta-casein. As the result it had been established that in the studied part of the herd, 23 % of animals had the A2A2 genotype, 43 % of animals had the A1A1 genotype and 34 % of animals had the A1A2 genotype. For 100 days of the first lactation, animals with A1A2 genotype showed the highest value in milk yield. Animals with A2A2 genotype for 305 days of lactation had the highest milk yield and the amount of milk protein, however, the difference was not statistically significant compared to the animals with A1A2 genotype. Genotype A1A1 has lower indicators by all the parameters studied, with a significant difference relative to genotypes A1A2 and A2A2. Thus, the study of CSN2 is a promising area of scientific research, and the results of the study of beta-casein genotypes can be used as a marker selection in improving the herds of the Kholmogory breed
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°: ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Β Β Modern industrialization increases the requirements for the accuracy of identifying allergens, especially those that have a negative impact β soy trypsin inhibitor (STI). Correct determination of the presence of STI in food products containing soybeans is key for product safety control and labeling. The authors set a goal to develop and certify a method for measuring the mass fraction of STI using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay β a technique that may increase the specificity of the method and avoid false-negative results.Β Β The object of researchΒ was a method for analyzing food allergens β an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay carried out with a set of reagents produced by XEMA LLC. In the process of developing the measurement method, the main methodological factors influencing the accuracy of the measurement results were optimized: sample weight, time of its extraction, time and speed of sample centrifugation, ratio of supernatant liquid to ELISA buffer, incubation temperature, interaction time of the allergen-antibody complex with the coloring agent, the wavelength for measuring absorbance, and the maximum time for measuring absorbance after introduction of the stop reagent.Β Β The developed method was tested during an interlaboratory experiment with the participation of 5 laboratories. Metrological characteristics were established in accordance with RMG 61β2010. The proposed method was certified in accordance with the requirements of GOST R8.563-2009, No. 102βFZ. The method has a wide range of quantitative determination of the mass fraction of STI from 0.5 to 25.0 ΞΌg/kg (ppb) with a detection limit of 0.1 ΞΌg/kg (ppb) and a relative error of 40 %. Based on the results of the research, the Federal Information Fund for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements (FIF) registered a certified method for identifying and quantifying the content of non-infectious food allergens of plant protein origin in samples of all types of food products and objects related to the requirements for food products, swabs taken from working surfaces during production control using reagent kits for an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay produced by XEMA LLC No. FR.1.31.2022.43884. The method is intended for use in testing laboratories involved in monitoring the quality and safety of manufactured products; it can be used to confirm product compliance with the mandatory requirements established in the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union TR CU022/2012.Β Β Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡ
β ΡΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π° (Π‘ΠΠ’). ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π‘ΠΠ’ Π² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ±Ρ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π‘ΠΠ’ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Β Β ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² β ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΠΠ Β«Π₯ΠΠΠΒ».Β Β Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Ρ, Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Ρ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠ€Π-Π±ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎ-Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ Ρ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ, Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΏ-ΡΠ΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 5 Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π ΠΠ 61β2010. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΡΠ» Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΠ‘Π’ Π 8.563-2009, β 102βΠ€Π. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π‘ΠΠ’ ΠΎΡ 0,5 Π΄ΠΎ 25,0 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ (ppb) Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ 0,1 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ (ppb) ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ 40 %. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π€ΠΠ€) Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ
Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΌΡΠ²ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΠΠ Β«Π₯ΠΠΠΒ» β Π€Π .1.31.2022.43884. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ
, Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π² Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ Π’Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π° Π’Π Π’Π‘ 022/2012
Segmentation of cracks in shale rock
In this paper the use of morphological connected filters are studied for segmenting sheet- and thread-like cracks in images of shale rock. A volume formed from a stack of 2-D X-ray images is processed using 3-D attributes. The shape-preserving property of these filters provides accurate segmentation results while the use of rotation-invariant attributes allow robust and computationally efficient segmentation of cracks at all orientations. The results obtained using shape and size attributes are provided and discussed. The research presented here is part of a project with geologists to provide tools for automated segmentation and analysis of features of interest in various types of rock. Β© 2011 Springer-Verlag
Analyzing Failed International PR Campaigns: Lessons and Future Recommendations
Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
PR- ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ PR. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
PR-ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
PR-ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ PR-ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π·ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
PR-ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ, Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
PR- ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ PR ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
PR-ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅.In this research paper, successful and unsuccessful international PR campaigns are analyzed in order to identify lessons learned and make recommendations for further improvement of international communication and PR practices. The study is based on the analysis of different PR campaigns that have received extensive attention, both in the international context and at the regional level. Common trends and features that influence the effectiveness of international PR campaigns are also highlighted. We will look at cases where campaigns have encountered difficulties and failures and identify the factors that determine success or failure in this area, and consider key principles that can help companies create more effective PR strategies for global audiences. We will use a case study approach that can be used as a basis for examining unsuccessful international PR campaigns. By analyzing different campaigns, key success or failure factors can be identified, general trends can be revealed, and recommendations can be made for future PR campaigns. The study identifies lessons and conclusions that should help international organizations and PR professionals avoid the problems associated with such mistakes. The analysis of international PR- campaigns highlights the importance of social responsibility of companies and adaptation to the audience, understanding their goals and desires, following trends. It also provides a warning against sexism and discrimination in any of its forms, encourages active dialog with the public, public recognition of mistakes and the use of a complex approach to strengthen the company's reputation at the local and international level
Impact of Sanctions on The Conclusion and Performance of Foreign Economic Agreements
ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡ.This article explores the impact of sanctions regulation on the conclusion and execution of foreign economic contracts. An analysis of the directions of such influence is given, the negative consequences of the application of sanctions are identified, directions for developing measures to minimize the negative impact of sanctions on foreign economic contracts are proposed