40 research outputs found

    The Impact of Digital Transformation on Business: Industry Review

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    The essence of this work is to determine the definition and content of the digital economy, conducted an analytical study of various aspects of the digital economy and the effectiveness of its development in the main sectors of the economy using a comparative-method. In this paper positive effects were found which undoubtedly simplify and automate working processes and improve the consumer experience, but have a negative impact on the environment

    Association of genotypes of cows of the Kholmogory breed by beta-casein with milk productivity

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    The aim of the study is to identify the frequency of occurrence of various allelic variants and genotypes of beta-casein in cows of the Kholmogory breed and their relationship with dairy productivity. The tasks of the research are genotyping of cattle of the Kholmogory breed by the beta-casein locus and establishing its connection with qualitative and quantitative indicators of dairy productivity. As the objects for the research there were taken 150 cows of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd lactation. An allele-specific variant of the PCR method (AS-PCR) was used to identify A1 and A2 beta-casein. As the result it had been established that in the studied part of the herd, 23 % of animals had the A2A2 genotype, 43 % of animals had the A1A1 genotype and 34 % of animals had the A1A2 genotype. For 100 days of the first lactation, animals with A1A2 genotype showed the highest value in milk yield. Animals with A2A2 genotype for 305 days of lactation had the highest milk yield and the amount of milk protein, however, the difference was not statistically significant compared to the animals with A1A2 genotype. Genotype A1A1 has lower indicators by all the parameters studied, with a significant difference relative to genotypes A1A2 and A2A2. Thus, the study of CSN2 is a promising area of scientific research, and the results of the study of beta-casein genotypes can be used as a marker selection in improving the herds of the Kholmogory breed

    ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ соСвого ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° трипсина: особСнности Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ аттСстации

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    Β  Β Modern industrialization increases the requirements for the accuracy of identifying allergens, especially those that have a negative impact – soy trypsin inhibitor (STI). Correct determination of the presence of STI in food products containing soybeans is key for product safety control and labeling. The authors set a goal to develop and certify a method for measuring the mass fraction of STI using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay – a technique that may increase the specificity of the method and avoid false-negative results.Β  Β The object of researchΒ was a method for analyzing food allergens – an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay carried out with a set of reagents produced by XEMA LLC. In the process of developing the measurement method, the main methodological factors influencing the accuracy of the measurement results were optimized: sample weight, time of its extraction, time and speed of sample centrifugation, ratio of supernatant liquid to ELISA buffer, incubation temperature, interaction time of the allergen-antibody complex with the coloring agent, the wavelength for measuring absorbance, and the maximum time for measuring absorbance after introduction of the stop reagent.Β  Β The developed method was tested during an interlaboratory experiment with the participation of 5 laboratories. Metrological characteristics were established in accordance with RMG 61–2010. The proposed method was certified in accordance with the requirements of GOST R8.563-2009, No. 102–FZ. The method has a wide range of quantitative determination of the mass fraction of STI from 0.5 to 25.0 ΞΌg/kg (ppb) with a detection limit of 0.1 ΞΌg/kg (ppb) and a relative error of 40 %. Based on the results of the research, the Federal Information Fund for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements (FIF) registered a certified method for identifying and quantifying the content of non-infectious food allergens of plant protein origin in samples of all types of food products and objects related to the requirements for food products, swabs taken from working surfaces during production control using reagent kits for an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay produced by XEMA LLC No. FR.1.31.2022.43884. The method is intended for use in testing laboratories involved in monitoring the quality and safety of manufactured products; it can be used to confirm product compliance with the mandatory requirements established in the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union TR CU022/2012.Β   БоврСмСнная индустриализация ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ трСбования ΠΊ точности опрСдСлСния Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², особСнно Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ воздСйствиС, срСди Π½ΠΈΡ… – соСвый ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ трипсина (БИВ). ΠšΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ наличия БИВ Π² ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ…, содСрТащих соСвыС Π±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹, являСтся ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ для контроля бСзопасности ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. БлоТилась общСпринятая ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‹ сои количСствСнно с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ аналитичСских ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. Авторы Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ поставили Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π°Ρ‚Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡƒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ БИВ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° – ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡƒ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π΅Π΅ примСнСния.Β  Β ΠžΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ исслСдования стал ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² – ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² производства ООО Β«Π₯Π•ΠœΠΒ».Β  Β Π’ процСссС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ основныС мСтодичСскиС Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: масса ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹, врСмя Π΅Π΅ экстракции, врСмя ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ цСнтрифугирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ надосадочной Тидкости ΠΈ ИЀА-Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡƒΠ±Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, врСмя взаимодСйствия комплСкса Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎ-Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½ с ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ для измСрСния оптичСской плотности ΠΈ максимальноС врСмя для измСрСния оптичСской плотности послС ввСдСния стоп-Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. Разработанная ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ экспСримСнта с участиСм 5 Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ характСристики установлСны Π² соотвСтствии с Π ΠœΠ“ 61–2010. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π±Ρ‹Π» аттСстован Π² соотвСтствии с трСбованиями Π“ΠžΠ‘Π’ Π  8.563-2009, β„– 102–ЀЗ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ количСствСнного опрСдСлСния массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ БИВ ΠΎΡ‚ 0,5 Π΄ΠΎ 25,0 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ (ppb) с ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ обнаруТСния 0,1 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ (ppb) ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ 40 %. По Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исслСдования Π² Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Сдинства ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ЀИЀ) зарСгистрирована аттСстованная ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ количСствСнного опрСдСлСния содСрТания Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ происхоТдСния Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ… всСх Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², связанных с трСбованиями ΠΊ ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, смывов, ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… с Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… повСрхностСй ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ производствСнного контроля, с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° производства ООО Β«Π₯Π•ΠœΠΒ» β„– Π€Π .1.31.2022.43884. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° для примСнСния Π² ΠΈΡΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… лабораториях, Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ качСства ΠΈ бСзопасности выпускаСмой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ использована для подтвСрТдСния соотвСтствия ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ трСбованиям, установлСнным Π² ВСхничСском Ρ€Π΅Π³Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅ Π’Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ союза Π’Π  Π’Π‘ 022/2012

    Lowering Toxic Concentrations in the Diesel Exhaust Gases

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    Segmentation of cracks in shale rock

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    In this paper the use of morphological connected filters are studied for segmenting sheet- and thread-like cracks in images of shale rock. A volume formed from a stack of 2-D X-ray images is processed using 3-D attributes. The shape-preserving property of these filters provides accurate segmentation results while the use of rotation-invariant attributes allow robust and computationally efficient segmentation of cracks at all orientations. The results obtained using shape and size attributes are provided and discussed. The research presented here is part of a project with geologists to provide tools for automated segmentation and analysis of features of interest in various types of rock. Β© 2011 Springer-Verlag

    Analyzing Failed International PR Campaigns: Lessons and Future Recommendations

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    Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ проводится Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR- ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ извлСчСния ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ для дальнСйшСго ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² области ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ PR. ИсслСдованиС основано Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR-ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ контСкстС, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ особСнности, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ влияниС Π½Π° ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR-ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠœΡ‹ рассмотрим случаи, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ с трудностями ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ успСх ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡Ρƒ Π² этой области, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ рассмотрим ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ компаниям ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ эффСктивныС PR-стратСгии для глобальной Π°ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. ΠœΡ‹ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ кСйс ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π·ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² основу для изучСния Π½Π΅ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR-ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ успСха ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡƒΠ΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… PR- ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π’ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ исслСдования Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ организациям ΠΈ профСссионалам Π² области PR ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, связанных с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ошибками. Анализ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… PR-ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ отвСтствСнности ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π°ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ, пониманию ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, слСдованиС Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ прСдостСрСгаСт ΠΎΡ‚ сСксизма ΠΈ дискриминации Π² любом ΠΈΠ· проявлСний, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³Ρƒ с ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ошибок ΠΈ использованию комплСксного ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° для укрСплСния Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° локальном ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅.In this research paper, successful and unsuccessful international PR campaigns are analyzed in order to identify lessons learned and make recommendations for further improvement of international communication and PR practices. The study is based on the analysis of different PR campaigns that have received extensive attention, both in the international context and at the regional level. Common trends and features that influence the effectiveness of international PR campaigns are also highlighted. We will look at cases where campaigns have encountered difficulties and failures and identify the factors that determine success or failure in this area, and consider key principles that can help companies create more effective PR strategies for global audiences. We will use a case study approach that can be used as a basis for examining unsuccessful international PR campaigns. By analyzing different campaigns, key success or failure factors can be identified, general trends can be revealed, and recommendations can be made for future PR campaigns. The study identifies lessons and conclusions that should help international organizations and PR professionals avoid the problems associated with such mistakes. The analysis of international PR- campaigns highlights the importance of social responsibility of companies and adaptation to the audience, understanding their goals and desires, following trends. It also provides a warning against sexism and discrimination in any of its forms, encourages active dialog with the public, public recognition of mistakes and the use of a complex approach to strengthen the company's reputation at the local and international level

    Impact of Sanctions on The Conclusion and Performance of Foreign Economic Agreements

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    Данная Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° исслСдуСт влияниС санкционного рСгулирования Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ исполнСниС Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². ДаСтся Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ влияния, Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ послСдствия примСнСния санкций, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ направлСния для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ влияния санкций Π½Π° Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹.This article explores the impact of sanctions regulation on the conclusion and execution of foreign economic contracts. An analysis of the directions of such influence is given, the negative consequences of the application of sanctions are identified, directions for developing measures to minimize the negative impact of sanctions on foreign economic contracts are proposed
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