Развитие альтернативной энергетики в России в контексте формирования модели низкоуглеродной экономики

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the development of alternative energy in Russia as one of the key factors of forming a low-carbon economy model. Authors reviewed the main stages of forming the institutional environment which regulated the process of the transition to a low-carbon economy model and a wider use of alternative energy including renewable energy sources (RES).Authors analyzed the renewable energy industry in Russia. The empirical base of the study consists of auctions results conducted in the framework of the government support of RES during 2013–2018 and the information system “SPARK”. Using the Concentration ratio, the Herfindahl-Hirschman and the Hall-Tideman indices authors revealed a high level of concentration in this industry in the context of each type of RES. In addition, an analysis of the ownership structure of companies has shown that the most successful companies are companies in the form of partnerships between the state, a Russian company and / or a foreign company.Статья посвящена анализу развития альтернативной энергетики в России как одного из ключевых факторов формирования модели низкоуглеродной экономики. Авторы рассмотрели основные этапы формирования институциональной среды, регулирующей процесс перехода к модели низкоуглеродной экономики и более широкому использованию альтернативной энергетики, в том числе возобновляемые источники энергии (ВИЭ). В данном исследовании был проведен анализ отрасли возобновляемой энергетики в России. Эмпирической базой исследования являются данные конкурсных отборов, проводимых в рамках государственной поддержки отрасли в период 2013– 2018 гг., и информационная система «СПАРК». С помощью индекса концентрации, индексов Герфиндаля—Хиршмана и Холла—Тайдмана авторы статьи выявили высокий уровень концентрации в данной отрасли в разрезе каждого вида ВИЭ. Также анализ структуры собственности компаний показал, что наиболее успешными в конкурсных отборах являются компании в форме партнерства между государством, российской компанией и/или зарубежной компанией

Problems of development of the circular economy as a factor in Russia’s sustainable development

Aim. To investigate the process of formation of the circular economy in Russia within the framework of ensuring sustainable development and to identify the problems of forming a circular economy and the barriers that hinder the process of implementing business models of a circular economy in enterprises.Materials and Methods. Our study is based on systems analysis, comparative and statistical methods.Discussion. The research results have confirmed the necessity of transition to the formation a circular economy in Russia. This is despite the fact that the volume of recycled waste arising from production and consumption in Russia is growing faster than that of its generation, the actual proportion of recycling and waste disposal is growing rather slowly (somewhat more than 50%), while the proportion of the volume of production and consumption waste placed at company facilities, on average, amounted to 50% for the period analysed. Greenhouse gas emissions also have a negative impact on the environment with those of the "Economy" sector accounting for almost 79% thus determining the relevance of transition to renewable energy.Conclusion. The transition to a circular economy, in particular as a result of the use of renewable energy, will reduce the negative impact of anthropogenic pressure on the environment and ensure a balance between the environmental, economic and social components of sustainable development