Search for potential gastric cancer markers using miRNA databases and gene expression analysis

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify genes that are differentially expressed in gastric tumors and to analyze the association of their expression level with tumor clinicopathologic features. Methods: In the present research, we used bioinformatic-driven search to identify miRNA that are down-regulated in gastric tumors and to find their potential targets. Then, the expression levels of some of the target mRNAs were investigated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Results: As a result of the bioinformatics analysis, fifteen genes were found to be potentially differentially expressed between the tumors and normal gastric tissue. Five of them were chosen for the further analysis (WNT4, FGF12, EFEMP1, CTGF, and HSPG2) due to their important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Expression levels of these genes were evaluated in our collection of frozen tissue samples of gastric tumor and paired normal stomach epithelia. Increased FGF12 expression was observed in diffuse type of gastric cancer while WNT4 mRNA was found to be down-regulated in intestinal type of gastric cancer. Besides, CTGF gene overexpression was revealed in diffuse type of stomach cancer in comparison with that in intestinal type. Up-regulation of CTGF was also associated with lymph node metastasis. Conclusions: The findings show its expedient to perform further investigations in order to clarify diagnostic and prognostic value of CTGF, FGF12, and WNT4’s in stomach cancer as well as the role of these genes in carcinogenesis

Optical-electronic System and Software Complex for Research and Identification of Macro- and Micro-optical Elements of Security Holograms

The paper presents an automated optical-electronic software and hardware complex for carrying out activities to identify and control the authenticity of diffraction and holographic optical security elements. The developed complex makes it possible to significantly simplify the work of the expert in conducting forensic studies of objects marked with security holograms

HPV-associated cervical cancer: Current status and prospects

Every year, 570,000 new cases of cervical cancer (CC) are diagnosed in the world, and 311,000 people die from this disease. CC is the fourth most common type of cancer and therefore the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Numerous data on the occurrence and development of cervical cancer indicate an association in most cases (up to 90 %) with human papillomaviruses (HPV) of high carcinogenic risk (HCR).CC prevention strategies are based on screening, and deaths from this oncopathology can be prevented through vaccination and treatment with early detection of the disease.In this review, much attention is paid to current issues of detection and prevention of HPV-associated pathologies, and cervical cancer in particular, aiming to summarize and analyze the latest international literature data on this issue. As a result of this study, it was shown that for countries implementing the National program of vaccination against HPV of high carcinogenic risk, a decrease in the incidence of both cervical pathologies of varying severity and other cancers associated with the HPV carriage was registered.While effective implementation of actual experience and future advances in human papillomavirus vaccine prophylaxis may make it possible for all countries to move to the high levels of vaccination coverage required to eliminate HPV-associated pathologies, the results also suggest that the path to complete cervical cancer elimination as a global public health problem can be extremely difficult due to a number of existing limitations

Composite implants coated with biodegradable polymers prevent stimulating tumor progression

In this experiment we studied oncologic safety of model implants created using the solution blow spinning method with the use of the PURASORB PL-38 polylactic acid polymer and organic mineral filler which was obtained via laser ablation of a solid target made of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate. For this purpose the implant was introduced into the area of Wistar rats’ iliums, and on day 17 after the surgery the Walker sarcoma was transplanted into the area of the implant. We evaluated the implant’s influence on the primary tumor growth, hematogenous and lymphogenous metastasis of the Walker sarcoma. In comparison with sham operated animals the implant group demonstrated significant inhibition of hematogenous metastasis on day 34 after the surgery. The metastasis inhibition index (MII) equaled 94% and the metastases growth inhibition index (MGII) equaled 83%. The metastasis frequency of the Walker sarcoma in para aortic lymph nodes in the implant group was not statistically different from the control frequency; there was also no influence of the implant on the primary tumor growth noted. In case of the Walker sarcoma transplantation into the calf and the palmar pad of the ipsilateral limb to the one with the implant in the ilium, we could not note any attraction of tumor cells to the implant area, i.e. stimulation of the Walker sarcoma relapse by the implant. Thus, the research concluded that the studied implant meets the requirements of oncologic safety

Total spectrum of photon emission by an ultra-relativistic positron channeling in a periodically bent crystal

We present the results of numerical calculations of the channelling and undulator radiation generated by an ultra-relativistic positron channelling along a crystal plane, which is periodically bent. The bending might be due either to the propagation of a transverse acoustic wave through the crystal, or due to the static strain as it occurs in superlattices. The periodically bent crystal serves as an undulator. We investigate the dependence of the intensities of both the ordinary channelling and the undulator radiations on the parameters of the periodically bent channel with simultaneous account for the dechannelling effect of the positrons. We demonstrate that there is a range of parameters in which the undulator radiation dominates over the channelling one and the characteristic frequencies of both types of radiation are well separated. This result is important, because the undulator radiation can be used to create a tunable source of X-ray and gamma-radiation.Comment: published in J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 26 (2000) L87-L95, http://www.iop.org ; 12 pages, 4 figures, LaTe

Composite implants coated with biodegradable polymers prevent stimulating tumor progression

In this experiment we studied oncologic safety of model implants created using the solution blow spinning method with the use of the PURASORB PL-38 polylactic acid polymer and organic mineral filler which was obtained via laser ablation of a solid target made of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate. For this purpose the implant was introduced into the area of Wistar rats’ iliums, and on day 17 after the surgery the Walker sarcoma was transplanted into the area of the implant. We evaluated the implant’s influence on the primary tumor growth, hematogenous and lymphogenous metastasis of the Walker sarcoma. In comparison with sham operated animals the implant group demonstrated significant inhibition of hematogenous metastasis on day 34 after the surgery. The metastasis inhibition index (MII) equaled 94% and the metastases growth inhibition index (MGII) equaled 83%. The metastasis frequency of the Walker sarcoma in para aortic lymph nodes in the implant group was not statistically different from the control frequency; there was also no influence of the implant on the primary tumor growth noted. In case of the Walker sarcoma transplantation into the calf and the palmar pad of the ipsilateral limb to the one with the implant in the ilium, we could not note any attraction of tumor cells to the implant area, i.e. stimulation of the Walker sarcoma relapse by the implant. Thus, the research concluded that the studied implant meets the requirements of oncologic safety

Влияние природы пластификатора и фона бромид ионов на кадмиевую функцию пленочного электрода на основе тринонилоктадециламмония тетрабромкадмиата

The potentiometric response characteristics of film [CdBr4]2--selective electrodes based on trianoniloctadecylammonium iodide (TNODA) in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and solvent mediators (plasticizers) - o -nitrophenyldecyl ether (o-NPDE), dibutyl- and didecylphthalate (DBP, DDP), 1-bromonaphthalene (1-BN), have been investigated. The best result for [CdBr4]2-- selective electrode has been obtained for the electrode based on 1-BN. The relationship between the detection limit and Br- concentration for all [CdBr4]2--selective electrodes has been established. The minimum value of detection limit plot (detection limit on -log [Br-]) was at 0,1 M of Br-.Изучено влияние природы пластификаторов и концентрации фона бромид-ионов на нижние пределы определения (НПО) пленочных ионоселективных электродов (ИСЭ) на основе тринонилоктадециламмония тетрабромкадмиата. Установлено, что природа пластификатора оказывает минимальное влияние на функционирование кадмийбромидных ИСЭ. В работе дано подробное объяснение двоякого влияния фона бромид-ионов на НПО ИСЭ и рассчитано значение оптимальной концентрации фона для дальнейшего изучения кадмийбромидных ИСЭ

КАДМИЕВЫЕ ФУНКЦИИ ПЛЕНОЧНЫХ ИОНОСЕЛЕКТИВНЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОДОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ТРИНОНИЛОКТАДЕЦИЛАММОНИЯ ТЕТРАХЛОРОКАДМИАТА И ТЕТРАИОДОКАДМИАТА

The potentiometric response characteristics of film selective electrodes based on trianoniloctadecylammonium tetrachlorocadmium and tetraiodоcadmium in a wide concentration range of ligand ions (from 1 · 10–2 to 3 M) have been investigated. The influence of the plasticizer nature on functioning cadmium halide electrodes has been studied. It has been established that the membranes of electrodes plasticized of α-brome naphthalene have the most suitable response characteristics.Работа посвящена изучению кадмиевых функций пленочных ионоселективных электродов на основе тринонилоктадециламмония тетрахлорокадмиата и тетраиодокадмиата. Дано объяснение влиянию концентрации фона ионов лигандов на вид и аналитические параметры кадмийгалогенидных электродов. Установлено, что рост концентрации ионов лигандов неоднозначно влияет на функционирование кадмийгалогенидных электродов. Изучено влияние природы пластификатора на функционирование кадмийгалогенидных электродов. Установлено, что наиболее выгодными аналитическими параметрами обладают кадмийгалогенидные электроды, пластифицированные α-бромнафталином

One-dimensional Model of a Gamma Klystron

A new scheme for amplification of coherent gamma rays is proposed. The key elements are crystalline undulators - single crystals with periodically bent crystallographic planes exposed to a high energy beam of charged particles undergoing channeling inside the crystals. The scheme consists of two such crystals separated by a vacuum gap. The beam passes the crystals successively. The particles perform undulator motion inside the crystals following the periodic shape of the crystallographic planes. Gamma rays passing the crystals parallel to the beam get amplified due to interaction with the particles inside the crystals. The term `gamma klystron' is proposed for the scheme because its operational principles are similar to those of the optical klystron. A more simple one-crystal scheme is considered as well for the sake of comparison. It is shown that the gamma ray amplification in the klystron scheme can be reached at considerably lower particle densities than in the one-crystal scheme, provided that the gap between the crystals is sufficiently large.Comment: RevTeX4, 22 pages, 4 figure