Off the record?: Arrestee concerns about the manipulation, modification, and misrepresentation of police body-worn camera footage

Police body-worn cameras (BWC) have become the latest technological device introduced to policing on a wave of panacean promises. Recent research has reported the perspectives of police officers, police management, and the general public, but there have been no studies examining the views of police arrestees. Remedying this significant omission, this article presents findings generated from interviews with 907 individuals shortly after their arrest. Overall, we report a strong in principle support for police body-worn cameras amongst this cohort, particularly if the cameras can be operated impartially. The findings are organised into a trilogy of prominent and interrelated concerns voiced by the police detainees, namely the potential for the manipulation, modification, and misrepresentation of events captured by police body-worn cameras. The findings are discussed in a broader context of the “new visibility” of police encounters and contribute much needed findings to understand the culturally specific ways in which different publics experience and respond to visual surveillance

Messages of Individualism in French, Spanish, and American Television Advertising

Individualism is a central value in French, Spanish, and American cultures. However, what it means to be an individual and how this is expressed varies among cultures. This study explores the ways that television advertising reflects individualism in French, Spanish, and American cultures and uses a qualitative approach that allows coding categories to emerge from the three countries\u27 samples rather than imposing previously defined categories from a single culture. The study identifies six main advertising message strategies across the three cultures: the Efficient Individual, the Sensual Individual, the Attractive/Healthy Individual, the Esteemed Individual, the Performant(e) Individual, and the Intellectual Individual. The six strategies vary in frequency with some claims used more than others. Differences within cultures are also identified and implications for the issues of standardization and specialization are discussed

The Clumpiness of Cold Dark Matter: Implications for the Annihilation Signal

We examine the expected signal from annihilation events in realistic cold dark matter halos. If the WIMP is a neutralino, with an annihilation cross-section predicted in minimal SUSY models for the lightest stable relic particle, the central cusps and dense substructure seen in simulated halos may produce a substantial flux of energetic gamma rays. We derive expressions for the relative flux from such events in simple halos with various density profiles, and use these to calculate the relative flux produced within a large volume as a function of redshift. This flux peaks when the first halos collapse, but then declines as small halos merge into larger systems of lower density. Simulations show that halos contain a substantial amount of dense substructure, left over from the incomplete disruption of smaller halos as they merge together. We calculate the contribution to the flux due to this substructure, and show that it can increase the annihilation signal substantially. Overall, the present-day flux from annihilation events may be an order of magnitude larger than predicted by previous calculations. We discuss the implications of these results for current and future gamma-ray experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures; submitted to MNRA

Forcing nonperiodicity with a single tile

An aperiodic prototile is a shape for which infinitely many copies can be arranged to fill Euclidean space completely with no overlaps, but not in a periodic pattern. Tiling theorists refer to such a prototile as an "einstein" (a German pun on "one stone"). The possible existence of an einstein has been pondered ever since Berger's discovery of large set of prototiles that in combination can tile the plane only in a nonperiodic way. In this article we review and clarify some features of a prototile we recently introduced that is an einstein according to a reasonable definition. [This abstract does not appear in the published article.]Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures. This article has been substantially revised and accepted for publication in the Mathematical Intelligencer and is scheduled to appear in Vol 33. Citations to and quotations from this work should reference that publication. If you cite this work, please check that the published form contains precisely the material to which you intend to refe

A fast and robust approach to long-distance quantum communication with atomic ensembles

Quantum repeaters create long-distance entanglement between quantum systems while overcoming difficulties such as the attenuation of single photons in a fiber. Recently, an implementation of a repeater protocol based on single qubits in atomic ensembles and linear optics has been proposed [Nature 414, 413 (2001)]. Motivated by rapid experimental progress towards implementing that protocol, here we develop a more efficient scheme compatible with active purification of arbitrary errors. Using similar resources as the earlier protocol, our approach intrinsically purifies leakage out of the logical subspace and all errors within the logical subspace, leading to greatly improved performance in the presence of experimental inefficiencies. Our analysis indicates that our scheme could generate approximately one pair per 3 minutes over 1280 km distance with fidelity (F>78%) sufficient to violate Bell's inequality.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables (Two appendixes are added to justify two claims used in the maintext.

Phase space polarization and the topological string: a case study

We review and elaborate on our discussion in hep-th/0606112 on the interplay between the target space and the worldsheet description of the open topological string partition function, for the example of the conifold. We discuss the appropriate phase space and canonical form for the system. We find a map between choices of polarization and the worldsheet description, based on which we study the behavior of the partition function under canonical transformations.Comment: 18 pages, invited review for MPL

Demonstration of the feasibility of automated silicon solar cell fabrication

A study effort was undertaken to determine the process, steps and design requirements of an automated silicon solar cell production facility. Identification of the key process steps was made and a laboratory model was conceptually designed to demonstrate the feasibility of automating the silicon solar cell fabrication process. A detailed laboratory model was designed to demonstrate those functions most critical to the question of solar cell fabrication process automating feasibility. The study and conceptual design have established the technical feasibility of automating the solar cell manufacturing process to produce low cost solar cells with improved performance. Estimates predict an automated process throughput of 21,973 kilograms of silicon a year on a three shift 49-week basis, producing 4,747,000 hexagonal cells (38mm/side), a total of 3,373 kilowatts at an estimated manufacturing cost of $0.866 per cell or$1.22 per watt