25 research outputs found
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop.) Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ (ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ)
Relevance. Currently pharmaceutical industry, food industry and chemical laboratories demonstrate an increasing interest in natural plant sources, including Chamaenerion angustifolium. Modern researches reveal more and more medicinal properties of this plant. For this reason, the demand for the use of fireweed as a medicinal plant, especially its leaves and flowers, is very high. It means, that the study of biological properties, chemical composition, ecological and landscape features of fireweed is of scientific and practical interest.Methods. This article contains information from literary sources about pharmaceutical, chemical, biological, ecological and geographical studies of Chamaenerion, its results and recommendations. Obtained from other researches information was systematized by research topics and presented in a logical sequence.Results. The issues of using this plant in medicine and food industry are also considered here, along with the discription of collecting natural fireweed problems and the mail ways of cultivating this species. The modern condition of fireweed research is shown, a detailed analysis of fireweed biological and ecological characteristics is carried out and on this basis, the main directions for further work on the introduction of Chamaenerion into culture for its more complete and rational use in medicine and in the food industry are outlined in this article. The article presents an analysis of the problems that arise during the introduction, in particular, the improvement of vegetative reproduction techniques, the selection of populations promising in terms of the phenolic compounds content and the possibility of target compounds content in plants by the exogenous regulation.Conclusion. Despite the presence of a relatively large quantity of works devoted to Chamaenerion, some research topics are poorly covered. For example, the topic of cultivation and the use of growth regulators. The most promising directions for the future study of Chamaenerion are indicated in this article.ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ², Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°. CΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π‘Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ½ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½-ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅Π³Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ·ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠ΅.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ, Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅
Relevance. The article highlights the issues of growing medicinal and essential oil crops, the seeds shortage and the problem of chemical polymorphism of raw materials. As a possible way to solve this problem is considered a wide introduction of seedling technologies for medicinal and essential oil crops. An analysis was carried out and information was systematized on individual elements of the technological process.Purpose. To analyze and explore the possibilities for the introduction of seedling technologies in medicinal plant growing, taking into account the experience at other branches of plant growing, primarily vegetable growing.Methods. Information obtained from literary sources was systematized by individual elements of the technological process, presented in a logical sequence and analyzed for applicability in medicinal plant production.Results. The result of the literary sources analysis, the personal experience of researchers on the use of the seedling method for medicinal, and essential oil crops growing, they showed the prospect the seedlings technology for generatively and vegetatively propagated plants. Thanks to modern growth regulators and fertilizers, it is possible to intensify the process of seedling production, and specifically to increase the germination and energy of seed germination, rooting of cuttings, shorten the period from sowing (planting cuttings) to planting in the ground and get cassette seedlings with a well-developed root system. The mechanization of the sowing and planting processes can significantly reduce the costs of these operations, a longer interval for planting allows you to prepare the field with the highest quality and successfully fight weeds by mechanical means. The technique used for these operations in commercial vegetable growing is suitable for medicinal and essential oil crops without further modification. Conclusion. The widespread introduction of the seedling method can be the best solution to the problem of lack of seeds, difficulties of direct sowing in the ground and a long germination phase, care after planting and weed control in the first period, and will also allow obtaining raw materials with a stable biochemical composition.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ, Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π° Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΄Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π³Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΄Ρ, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ½, ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π° (ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²) Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ Π² Π³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΄Ρ Ρ Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π» Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π¨ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ½, ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π° Π² Π³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΊΠΎΠ€ΡΡ Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π¦ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅Π΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ (Salvia officinalis L.)
Relevance. Meeting the needs of the pharmaceutical industry with essential oil raw materials and natural essential oils is relevant.Methods. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness the complex application by organomineral fertilizer EcoFys and the growth regulator Zircon on sage (Salvia officinalis L.) in conditions of Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation. The experimental part of the work was performed in Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in 2014-2015 by field experiments.Results. It has been established, that integrated application EcoFys and Zircon can increase yield of culture. In addition, it is shown that contain of essential oil in medicinal raw donβt increase and raising collection of essential oil provides only due to higher yield of herb.Β ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π¦ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠΊΠΎΠ€ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅Π΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ (Salvia officinalis L.) Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π Π€. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π€ΠΠΠΠ£ ΠΠΠΠΠ ) Π² 2014-2015 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ².Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΊΠΎΠ€ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π¦ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° Ρ Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ°.
Π€Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Cichorium intybus L.)
Common chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is widely known in traditional medicine of many countries, but in official medicine its use is limited as a part of biologically active additives. Despite the available information about pharmacological activity of leaf extracts, their use as a medicinal herbal raw material is almost not considered. The purpose of the work is to study the accumulation dynamics of phenolic compounds (PC) in the leaves of cultivated chicory to optimize the time of harvesting the above-ground mass. The article presents data on the accumulation dynamics of PC in the leaves of two varieties of cultivated chicory, and also compares the obtained data with similars of wild-growing chicory.Results. It was noted that the content of phenolic compounds in the leaves of cultivated chicory is 1,5-2 times higher in comparison with the raw materials of wild plants. The studied varieties differ in the content of PC by 8% in average. It has been established that the main phenolic compounds in the leaves of cultivated chicory are chicoric, chlorogenic and cafftaric acids; their total content in the obtained extracts is 55 %. It was noted that the period of maximum accumulation of PC in leaves falls on the end of september β beginning of october. The established chemical composition, a higher content of phenolic compounds compared to wild plants, as well as the coincidence of the maximum accumulation of PC in the leaves with the approximate date of harvesting chicory roots allows us to consider its cultivation in culture as a promising direction with the aim of the integrated use of the obtained raw materials for both food and pharmaceutical industry.Π¦ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ (Cichorium intybus L.) ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π², ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π€Π‘) Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π€Π‘ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π² 1,5-2 ΡΠ°Π·Π° Π²ΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π€Π‘ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° 8%. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ, Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ; ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 55%. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π€Π‘ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ±ΡΡ β Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΡ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π², Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π€Π‘ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π°ΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Cichorium intybus L.) Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ (ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ)
Common chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is widely known as a food plant. However, in folk medicine in many countries, the roots and leaves of chicory are used as a choleretic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic agent. In this regard, a promising direction of research is a detailed study of the biological characteristics and chemical composition of this plant in order to substantiate its use for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. The article presents an analysis of the available information on the botanical classification and biological characteristics, agricultural technology, chemical composition and the use of the aerial part of the cultivated common chicory in scientific and folk medicine. Possible resources for collecting chicory leaves are wild-growing populations, as well as varieties of root chicory, which is grown in Russia as an industrial crop. Under natural conditions, chicory occupies disturbed habitats characterized by low soil fertility, pollution with heavy metals, and increased competition with other ruderal plants. While in the conditions of culture, the best agroecological conditions for growing plants are provided, accelerating their development and contributing to accumulation of biologically active substances in greater quantities, compared with wild ones. In this regard, a promising direction of research is to study the influence of various factors (illumination, temperature, weather conditions, agrotechnical measures, varietal characteristics, growth regulators) on the content, qualitative composition and dynamics of the accumulation of biologically active compounds in the leaves of cultivated common chicory.Π¦ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ (Cichorium intybus L.) ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
, Π°Π³ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ. Π ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Ρ, Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π³ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ, Π°Π³ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°) Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² Mentha Ρ piperita L. Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Relevance. It is known that peppermint (Mentha Ρ
piperita L.) is characterized by significant polymorphism, due to both genetic factors and growing conditions. Cultivated varieties and populations are distinguished by their economically significant characteristics, such as yield, winter hardiness, resistance to diseases, the content and composition of essential oil. Identification of new highly productive varieties and populations of Mentha x piperita L., distinguished by high productivity of essential oil in the Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation, as well as identification of morphological features characteristic of highly productive varieties, remains relevant.Methods. The object of the study was plants of 8 varieties of 2 year old plants and samples of Mentha x piperita L. from the collection of the SI Botanical Garden Rostovtsev RGAU-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev and from the collection of the Botanical Garden of All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), were used as the object of the study. Peppermint leaves (FS.2.5.0029.15 Peppermint leaves) and essential oil (GOST R 53593-2009) are used as herbal medicinal products. Microscopy used Primo Star Carl Zeiss light microscopes and LOMO MIKMED-1. Quantitative determination of the essential oil was carried out by distillation with water vapor, followed by measuring the volume of the resulting oil (GF RF XIV). The oil content was expressed in volumetric-weight percent in terms of dry raw materials.Results. As a result of a comparative study of the epidermal structures of the leaves of plants of 8 varieties of Mentha Ρ
piperita L., the density of stomata, the type of stomatal apparatus, density of location and length of multicellular trichomes, density and diameter of essential oil glands, and content of essential oil were determined. The variety specificity and variation of these indices are noted over a wide range, which is explained by the significant intraspecific variability characteristic of the genus Mint (Mentha L.). The most promising varieties of essential oil content were identified.Β ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ (Mentha Ρ
piperita L.) Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π·ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΌ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Πentha Ρ
piperita L., ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ², Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2-Ρ
Π»Π΅Ρ Π²Π΅Π³Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 8 ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Mentha Ρ
piperita L. ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π‘.Π. Π ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅Π²Π° Π ΠΠΠ£-ΠΠ‘Π₯Π ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π.Π. Π’ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ·Π΅Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΠΠΠΠ ). Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ (ΠΠ€ Π Π€ XIV, Π€Π‘.2.5.0029.15 ΠΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ) ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎ (ΠΠΠ‘Π’ Π 53593-2009), ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡ Primo Star Carl Zeiss ΠΈ ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ-1. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠ€ Π Π€ XIV.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ 8 ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² Mentha Ρ
piperita L. Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠΈΠΏ ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Mentha L. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°.
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Relevance. Dill is a popular food and medicinal crop (Anethum graveolens L.) of the Celery family (Apiaceae). Seeds of dill are included in the 14th edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. However, this crop is characterized by a relatively low yield, which reduces the efficiency of its production. The use of environmentally friendly growth-regulating compounds can significantly increase the yield and improve its quality. As a growth-regulating, foliar treatment with a solution of the amino acid glycine was tested. The amino acid glycine is environmentally friendly and does not pose a danger to humans and animals. The aim of the work was to increase the productivity of garden dill using foliar treatments with glycine amino acid.Materials and methods. Dill varieties Gribovsky and Symphony were chosen as objects to study the effect of the foliar treatments with glycine. Sowing of seeds was carried out at an early date, which for the conditions of the Lipetsk region corresponds to the first decade of April, with a SZT-3.6 seeder with 15 cm row spacing. The seeding rate was 15 kg/ha, the seeding depth was 1-2 cm. were Treatment with glycine solution was achieved in plants rosette phase. The concentration of glycine was 25, 50 and 100 mg / l. The control plants were sprayed with distilled water. The crop was cut during the period of brown seeds on the central umbrella. The content of essential oil was determined by the 14th edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (method 1). The content of the main components was determined by gas chromatography.Results. As a result of the research, a positive effect of foliar treatments with glycine on both yield and the content of essential oil in the raw material of dill varieties Gribovsky and Symphony was revealed. As a result of treatments, regardless of concentration, the seeds yield and the yield of essential oil per unit area increased. The increase in the mass of 1000 pieces of fruits was not unambiguous. Based on the results obtained, the effective concentration of amino acid glycine is determined not only by the characteristics of the variety, but also by weather conditions, when, depending on the conditions during the processing period and prior to harvesting, different aspects of the drug's action appear. According to the results of observations for 2 years and an assessment by the sum of the indicators, the optimal concentration of glycine in most cases was 100 mg / l, at the same time, for the Symphony variety for two years, two-foliar treatment with low concentrations of glycine (10 mg / l rosette + 10 mg / l budding).ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π£ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏ ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ (Anethum graveolens L.) ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π‘Π΅Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ (Apiaceae). ΠΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² 14 ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π€Π°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΈ Π Π€. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ° Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π²Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ.Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π‘ΠΠ’-3,6 Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΌΠΈ 15 ΡΠΌ. ΠΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π²Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° 15 ΠΊΠ³/Π³Π°, Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ½ β 1-2 ΡΠΌ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° β 25, 50 ΠΈ 100 ΠΌΠ³/Π». ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ½ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠ€ 14 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ 1. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° Π² ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° Ρ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ. Π£Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ 1000 ΡΡΡΠΊ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ. ΠΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 2-Ρ
Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 100 ΠΌΠ³/Π», Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π‘ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π»Π΅Ρ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° Π΄Π²ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° (10 ΠΌΠ³/Π» ΡΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠΊΠ° + 10 ΠΌΠ³/Π» Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ)
ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² Thymus vulgaris L. Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Relevance. Common thyme or garden thyme Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae L.) is the medicinal and aromatic plant containing essential oil which is the source of thymol and other phenol derivatives. This species is characterized by significant morphological and chemical polymorphism. Thymus vulgaris L. has numerous varieties and subspecies which are complicates for the identification of raw materials and makes its quality unstable. The study of intraspecific variability, not only by phenotype but also by biochemical parameters, is an urgent task in the search for varieties and samples of ThΓ½mus vulgΓ‘ris L. that are promising for the medical industry.Materials and methods. The research material was obtained from botanical institutions and firms in Russia, the Czech Republic and Germany and introduced on the experimental field of Vegetable Growing Department of The Russian State Agricultural University β Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. Studies were conducted from 2014 to 2019. Sowing the seeds was carried out in the 3rd decade of March in cassettes in a winter greenhouse. Seedlings planted in the field at the end of MayField experiments were laid at the Β«Vegetable Experimental Station named V.I. Edelstein Β» in accordance with generally accepted methods of field experiments. A comprehensive comparative assessment of the studied samples was carried out according to a number of criteria, in accordance with the recommendations of the State Register of Selection Achievements and the matrix of the morphological description of plants of the Lamiaceae family developed at the Leibniz-Institut for Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK, Germany). Harvesting of raw materials and crop yield was carried out in the phase of mass flowering. Laboratory studies were carried out in the laboratories of the Vegetable Growing Department, Department of Botany, Selection and Seed Production of Garden Plants, Russian State Autonomous University β Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev. The quantitative determination of essential oil was carried out according to the GF RF XIV. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel.Results. The possibility of growing samples of Thymus vulgaris L. of different geographical origin under the conditions of introduction in the Moscow region is shown. A comparative study of the main morphological characteristics of plant samples of Thymus vulgaris L. revealed significant variability in the form of inflorescence, leaf index, the presence or absence of pubescence, anthocyanin staining, torsion of the leaf, color of corollas and leaves, plant height, yield, quantitative content of essential oil and flavonoids. At the same time, the height of the plants was relatively stable every year and between varieties. According to a set of indicators, the most productive and stable samples was βDi Romaβ, which is characterized by a high yield of aerial mass (104 g / plant), a consistently high content of essential oil (1.04-1.8%) with a predominant thymol component (39-80%), high flavonoid content (1,47-2,26%). Varieties "Medoc" and "Deutsche Winter", which at a lower yield are characterized by a high content of essential oil and flavonoids.ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ½ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ β Thymus vulgaris L. (ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π―ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ β Lamiaceae L.), ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ. Thymus vulgaris L. ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡΡ, ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ Thymus vulgaris L. ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π ΠΠΠ£-ΠΠ‘Π₯Π ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π.Π. Π’ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ·Π΅Π²Π°. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Ρ 2014 ΠΏΠΎ 2019 Π³Π³. ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ½ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π² 3-Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π² Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π£ΠΠΠ¦ Β«ΠΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌ. Π.Π. ΠΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π°Β» Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π², Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π Π΅Π΅ΡΡΡΠ° Π‘Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π―ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΠ΅ΠΉΠ±Π½ΠΈΡΠ° (Leibniz-Institut for Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ). Π£Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π ΠΠΠ£ β ΠΠ‘Π₯Π ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π.Π. Π’ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ·Π΅Π²Π°. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠ€ Π Π€ XIV. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ Microsoft Excel.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. 1. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Thymus vulgaris L. ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. 2. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Thymus vulgaris L. Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°, Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°, ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π², Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ: ΡΠΎΡΡ Β«Di RomaΒ», ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ (104 Π³/ΠΊΡΡΡ), ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° (1,04-1,8%) Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ (39-80%), Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (1,47-2,26%); Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Β«ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΊΒ» ΠΈ Β«Deutsche WinterΒ», ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ»Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Relevance. The demand for medicinal raw materials of Calendula officinalis L. is determined by the high content of pharmacologically significant compounds. Comparison of the most common ornamental cultivars of Calendula officinalis L.) in terms of yield and content of biologically active substances in the raw material helps to identify the most promising cultivars in terms of a set of indicators.Materials and methods.The decorative cultivars Apricot, Art Shads, Fiesta Gitana, Kabluna golden-yellow, Orange King, Orange Balls, Yellow Gitana and Golden Balls, characterized by large inflorescences and terry, were used as prototypes. The cultivar Kalta, widely used for the production of medicinal raw materials, was chosen as a control. The experiments were laid on the experimental plots of the Fruit Growing Laboratory of the Russian State Agricultural University β Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. Productivity was determined as the total weight of inflorescences harvested during the entire season per unit area. The amount of flavonoids was determined by spectrophotometry. The amount of polysaccharides was determined according to the modified Draywood method. The lutein content was determined by HPLC.Results.To obtain inflorescences we can recommend to use the variety Orange King, which, with a satisfactory yield (0.363 kg/m2), was characterized by a high content of flavonoids (1.2%) and satisfactory (35.9%) extractives and corresponds to the quality of raw materials required by GF XIV. In addition, this variety was characterized by an increased content of polysaccharides (20.3%). The Varieties Apricot and Yellow Gitana were characterized by high productivity (562Β±49 and 507Β±41 g/m2, respectively). Their raw materials can be used by production of herbal teas, where the content of flavonoids is not regulated. As sources of lutein, one should pay attention to the ligulate flowers of the varieties Apricot, Fiesta Gitana, Golden balls. In the variety Kabluna, with the maximum lutein content, the proportion of reed flowers in the inflorescence was only 38%. In varieties with large inflorescences, the content of lutein in reed flowers was higher (R=0.685). Large non-double inflorescences will be most productive in this indicator.ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π¦Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ Calendula officinalis L. ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π€ΠΠ‘). ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π€ΠΠ‘ ΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ, ΠΡΡ Π¨Π΅Π΄Ρ, Π€ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π°, ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠ½Π° Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ-ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΡΠ°Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π²ΡΠΉ ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΡΠ°Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ Π¨Π°ΡΡ, ΠΠ»Π»ΠΎΡ ΠΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π¨Π°ΡΡ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΡ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΏΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π€ΠΠΠΠ£ ΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ£-ΠΠ‘Π₯Π ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π.Π. Π’ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ·Π΅Π²Π°. Π£ΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ. Π‘ΡΠΌΠΌΡ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ AlCl3 Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½. Π‘ΡΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ²ΡΠ΄Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΠΠ₯.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΡΠ°Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π²ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (0,363 ΠΊΠ³/ΠΌ2) Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (1,2%) ΠΈ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ (35,9%) ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΠ€ XIV ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (20,3%). ΠΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ»Π»ΠΎΡ ΠΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ (562Β±49 ΠΈ 507Β±41 Π³/ΠΌ2 ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ). ΠΡ
ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ², Π³Π΄Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π³Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ, Π€ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π°, ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π£ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π°, Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ 38%. Π£ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ (R=0,685). ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°
Coriander is the leading essential oil crop and occupies vast areas, both in our country and abroad, and is be used to produce linalool, with subsequent processing into other aromatic substances. Increasing its yield and quality of raw materials with the help of modern preparations is an urgent problem of essential oil production.Purpose of the work: increasing the productivity of coriander with combined use of foliar treatments with glycine and auxin-containing preparations for directed control production process in coriander seed.Material and methods. As objects for studying the effect of the drug, varieties of coriander sowing Yantar and Avangard were chosen. Plants were sown in the first or third decade of April, depending on the conditions of the year, using a SZT-3.6 seeder with row spacing of 15 cm. The seeding rate was 25 kg/ha, the seeding depth was 2 cm. concentration 10 mg/l. Drug concentrations: IAA-glycol phosphate β 25, 50 and 100 mg/l, DvaU - 2 ml/l. Treatment with a solution of IUKGF and DvaU was carried out in the phase of budding-beginning of flowering. The cutting was carried out during the period of browning of seeds on the central umbrella. The content of essential oil was determined according to SP XIV method 1.Results. As a result of the research, a positive effect of foliar treatments with glycine was revealed, both on the yield and on the content of essential oil in the raw material of coriander seed varieties Yantar and Avangard. Based on the results obtained, the effective concentration of the drug is determined not only by the characteristics of the variety, but also by weather conditions, when, depending on the conditions during the processing period and the previous harvest, different aspects of the drug action appear. The maximum increase in the collection of essential oil of coriander variety Yantar (11.1 kg/ha) was noted during the combined treatment of plants with glycine at a rate of 10 mg/l in the leaf rosette phase and IAA-GF at a rate of 50 mg/l in the budding phase; varieties Avangard (8.6 kg/ha) - with combined treatment of plants with glycine at a rate of 10 mg/l in the leaf rosette phase and DvaU at a rate of 2 ml/l in the budding phase.ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΎΠ»Π°, Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ: ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π―Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ²Π°Π½Π³Π°ΡΠ΄. ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ-ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π‘ΠΠ’-3,6 Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΌΠΈ 15 ΡΠΌ. ΠΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π²Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° 25 ΠΊΠ³/Π³Π°, Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ½ β 2 ΡΠΌ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 10 ΠΌΠ³/Π». ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²: ΠΠ£Π-Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ β 25, 50 ΠΈ 100 ΠΌΠ³/Π», ΠΠ²Π°Π£ β 2 ΠΌΠ»/Π». ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ£Π-ΠΠ€ ΠΈ ΠΠ²Π°Π£ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ-Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ½ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠ€ XIV ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ 1.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° Π² ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² Π―Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ²Π°Π½Π³Π°ΡΠ΄. ΠΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π―Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡ (11,1 ΠΊΠ³/Π³Π°) ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ 10 ΠΌΠ³/Π» Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΠΈ ΠΠ£Π-ΠΠ€ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ 50 ΠΌΠ³/Π» Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ; ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΠ²Π°Π½Π³Π°ΡΠ΄ (8,6 ΠΊΠ³/Π³Π°) β ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ 10 ΠΌΠ³/Π» Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΠΈ ΠΠ²Π°Π£ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ 2 ΠΌΠ»/Π» Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ