Relationship of erythrocyte adrenoreactivity with their quantitative and qualitative characteristics as a method for assessing the rheological properties of blood in athletes

Objective of the study: prediction of the rheological properties of blood in young men with different levels of motor activity (MA) by assessing the relationship between the adrenergic reactivity of erythrocytes (ARE) with their quantitative and qualitative parameters.Materials and methods: the study involved young men with a low (41 people) and a high level of physical activity (athletes — 20 people), aged 21–23 years. In all subjects, the total, individual characteristics of erythrocytes and ARE were determined. ERS was assessed by the change in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) under the influence of adrenaline in vitro at final concentrations of 10–5; 10–6; 10–7; 10–8; 10–9; 10–11; 10–13 g/ml venous blood. According to the nature of the observed effect, in accordance with the direction of ESR shifts, 3 types of ARE were distinguished: increased ESR in the presence of adrenaline — aggregative (Ar, type 1); no changes — areactive (Ap, type 2); decreased ESR — antiaggregatory (AnAg, type 3).Results: in athletes, inverse correlations of the ARE types were established when exposed to stress concentrations of adrenaline (SCA) (above 10–8 g/ml) with the hemoglobin level (r = –0.59, p = 0.008), the average hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte (r = –0.55, p = 0.016), when exposed to physiological concentrations of adrenaline (PCA) (10–9 g/ml and below) — with the corpuscular volume of erythrocytes (r = –0.51, p = 0.029). In young men with a low level of MA, an inverse correlation was found between the minimum ARE values and the number of erythrocytes (r = –0.36, p = 0.01), and the maximum — with the average concentration of hemoglobin in the cell (r = 0.54, p = 0.04).Conclusion: in young men leading a sedentary lifestyle, the tendency of erythrocytes to aggregate under the influence of adrenaline increases with an increase in their number and intracellular viscosity. In athletes, the predominance of the antiaggregatory type of ARE, and, consequently, more stable rheological properties of erythrocytes and an improvement in microcirculation, are facilitated by a decrease in the size of erythrocytes and an average saturation of cells with hemoglobin

Atypical reactive center Kunitz-type inhibitor from the sea anemone <i>Heteractis crispa</i>

The primary structure of a new Kunitz-type protease inhibitor InhVJ from the sea anemone Heteractis crispa (Radianthus macrodactylus) was determined by protein sequencing and cDNA cloning. InhVJ amino acid sequence was shown to share high sequence identity (up to 98%) with the other known Kunitz-type sea anemones sequences. It was determined that the P1 Thr at the reactive site resulted in a decrease of the Ki of InhVJ to trypsin and a-chymotrypsin (7.38 × 10-8 M and 9.93 × 10-7 M, respectively). By structure modeling the functional importance of amino acids at the reactive site as well as at the weak contact site were determined. The significant role of Glu45 for the orientation and stabilization of the InhVJ-trypsin complex was elucidated. We can suggest that there has been an adaptive evolution of the P1 residue at the inhibitor reactive site providing specialization or functional diversification of the paralogs. The appearance of a key so-called P1 Thr residue instead of Lys might lead to refinement of inhibitor specificity in the direction of subfamilies of serine proteases. The absence of Kv channel and TRPV1-receptor modulation activity was confirmed by electrophysiological screening tests

Oxidation of 3- and 4-carenes with mercuric acetate in acetic acid

1. A study was made of the oxidation of 3-carene with Hg(OAc)2 in acetic acid at 23 and 86°, and with (HgOAc)2 at 90°. The action of both of the oxidizing agents leads to the same acetylative oxidation products: the acetates of p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol and p-mentha-1(7),5-dien-8-ol. 2. The products of the oxidation of 4-carene with Hg(OAc)2 in acetic acid at 20° contain the acetates of p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol and p-mentha-1(7),5-dien-8-ol. 3. The formation of organomercury compounds of composition C18H26O8Hg3 occurs when the 3- and 4-carenes are oxidized with Hg(OAc)2 at room temperature. © 1972 Consultants Bureau

Metrological evaluation of methods for control the safety indicators of leukoreduced platelet concentrates

Objective. The aim of research was to evaluate experimentally the feasibility of using of control methods of safety indicators of leukoreduced platelet concentrates (CPl). Material and methods. The analysis of 14 leukoreduced platelet concentrates samples was performed. Platelet count was estimated in a 2-grid Goryaev’s camera using a «Mikmed-1» light microscope and conductometry with hydrodynamic focusing on an «XT-4000i» hematology analyzer. To determine the residual number of leukocytes, we used the laser flow cytofluorimetry method by «FACS Canto II» analyzer. The pH was measured by the potentiometric method by a pH-millivoltmeter «pH-150M». The feasibility of applying safety performance monitoring techniques was assessed based on the basis of coefficient of variation (CV). Results and discussion. The maximum CV value when calculating the platelet count in the Goryaev’s camera was 18,6 %; conductometry method – 2,8 %. CV when determining the residual number of leukocytes by laser flow cytofluorimetry did not exceed 17,5 %. The CV of the method for determining pH by potentiometric method was 0,4 %. Conclusion. To control the platelet count, a unified method of counting in a 2-grid Goryaev’s camera and conductometry method with hydrodynamic focusing on hematology analyzer are recommended. Laser flow cytofluorimetry should be used to determine the residual number of leukocytes. The maximum CV values were taken as the assigned convergence characteristics: for the unified counting method – not more than 18,6 %, for the conductometry method – not more than 2,8 %, for laser flow cytofluorimetry – not more than 17,5 %, for potentiometry – not more than 0,4 %

Features of the natural course of subclinical hypothyroidism in young athletes

Objective: to assess the natural course of subclinical hypothyroidism in young athletes.Methods: In the prospective single-center uncontrolled study, data from 3,062 outpatient records of young athletes (members of the Russian national team) of both sexes (middle age — 15 [14; 16] years) and underwent medical examination in the period from January 2021 to September 2022 were studied. All athletes were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of subclinical hypothyroidism (an increase in the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone from 5 to 10 mUn/l with a normal level of T4 free). During a dynamic follow-up (1 year), athletes with subclinical hypothyroidism underwent a repeated study of the concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and antibodies to thyroperoxidase.Results: Signs of subclinical hyperthyroidism were found in 58 young athletes (30 boys (51.7 %) and 28 (48.3 %) girls). During dynamic observation with continued habitual physical activity, spontaneous normalization of the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone was observed in 74 % of young athletes. At the same time, normalization of thyroid-stimulating hormone in girls was observed less often compared to boys (p = 0,272). In no case did clinically pronounced hypothyroidism develop.Conclusion: The majority of young male and female athletes with subclinical hypothyroidism have spontaneous normalization of hormonal profile against the background of persistent physical and psycho-emotional stress. The data obtained make it possible, subject to the possibility of dynamic observation, to recommend doctors working with young elite athletes not to prescribe hormonal replacement therapy and not to modify the usual lifestyle

Эпидемиология бокового амиотрофического склероза в Красноярском крае

Background. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes paralysis of muscles due to degeneration of motor neurons. According to available data, the incidence of ALS in different regions of the world is from 0.6 to 3.8 per 100,000 population per year. Data obtained during the study of the epidemiology of ALS at the regional level can be used in planning medical resources, in particular, calculating the necessary respiratory equipment and funds for nutritional support.Aim. Clinical and epidemiological analysis of ALS cases registered in the Krasnoyarsk region for the period 2018–2022.Materials and methods. A clinical and epidemiological analysis of ALS cases registered in the Krasnoyarsk region from 2018 to 2022 was conducted. To do this, we used data from the specialized office of neuromuscular pathology of the Regional Clinical Hospital in Krasnoyarsk and the Krasnoyarsk Regional Medical Information and Analytical Center. Diagnosis verification was carried out in accordance with the generally accepted El Escorial and Gold Coast criteria. The functional state and degree of neurological deficit were assessed using the ALS-FRS-R scale.Results. Over the period from 2018 to 2022, 78 cases of ALS were registered. The incidence rate was 0.54 cases per 100,000 population per year. In 2022, the prevalence rate was 1.16 cases per 100 thousand population. The time from symptom onset to diagnosis of the disease ranged from 4 to 57 months, with the average time to diagnosis being 17 months. Most patients were diagnosed with ALS when their ALS-FRS-R score decreased by 7–11 points. The division of patients into groups of rapid, moderate, and slow diagnostic correlates with life expectancy. Patients who are diagnosed quickly have a higher rate of disease progression, which results in a low life expectancy.Conclusion. The creation of specialized centers will improve the diagnosis and management of patients with ALS and plan the costs of palliative care. The increase in the incidence and detection of ALS emphasizes the need to develop new approaches to the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with ALS.Введение. Боковой амиотрофический склероз (БАС) – прогрессирующее нейродегенеративное заболевание, которое вызывает паралич мышц из-за дегенерации моторных нейронов. По имеющимся данным, заболеваемость БАС в разных регионах мира составляет от 0,6 до 3,8 случая на 100 тыс. населения в год. Данные, полученные в ходе изучения эпидемиологии БАС на региональном уровне, могут использоваться при планировании объема медицинских ресурсов, в частности для расчета необходимого респираторного оборудования и средств нутритивной поддержки.Цель работы – клинико-эпидемиологический анализ случаев БАС, зарегистрированных на территории Красноярского края за период 2018–2022 гг.Материалы и методы. Был проведен клинико-эпидемиологический анализ случаев БАС, зарегистрированных в Красноярском крае с 2018 по 2022 г. Для этого использовались данные специализированного кабинета нервномышечной патологии КГБУЗ «Краевая клиническая больница» г. Красноярска и Красноярского краевого медицинского информационно-аналитического центра. Верификация диагноза осуществлялась в соответствии с общепринятыми критериями El Escorial и Gold Coast. Функциональное состояние и степень неврологического дефицита оценивались с помощью шкалы ALS-FRS-R.Результаты. За период с 2018 по 2022 г. было зарегистрировано 78 случаев БАС. Заболеваемость составила 0,54 случая на 100 тыс. населения в год. В 2022 г. показатель распространенности составил 1,16 случая на 100 тыс. населения. Сроки диагностики заболевания варьировали от 4 до 57 мес, среднее время установления диагноза составило 17 мес. У большинства пациентов БАС был диагностирован при снижении оценки по шкале ALS-FRS-R на 7–11 баллов. Разделение пациентов на группы с быстрой, средней и медленной диагностикой коррелировало с ожидаемой продолжительностью жизни. Пациенты, у которых диагноз был установлен быстро, имеют более высокую скорость прогрессирования заболевания, что обусловливает низкую продолжительность жизни.Выводы. Создание специализированных приемов позволит улучшить диагностику и ведение пациентов с БАС и планировать затраты на паллиативную помощь. Растущая заболеваемость и выявляемость БАС подчеркивает необходимость разработки новых подходов к лечению и реабилитации больных БАС

Changes of photosynthesis and carbon metabolism in typha angustifolia L grown in conditions of nitrate nitrogen overload

Nitrates may induce alterations in NO-signaling system and change photosynthesis in plants. Significant reduction of 14CO 2 fixation was noted at concentration of 3.96 mM NaNO 3 in an aquatic macrophyte (Typha angustifolia L.). Assimilation of 14CO 2 seven days after the introduction of nitrates did not differ between control and experimental samples. There were changes in distribution of 14C among products of 4CO 2 fixation 4 h after NaNO 3 addition, resulting in increased sugar radioactivity in experimental plants. It was suggested that the observed changes may have regulatory importance. © 2012 by Acta Botanica Croatica, the Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb

COMPARATIVE PHARMACOKINETICS AND EFFECT ON THE HEMODYNAMICS OF ORIGINAL AND GENERIC NEBIVOLOL IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS

Beta-blockers are an important part of modern pharmacotherapy in cardiology. The introduction of generics into clinical practice requires clear evidence of bioequivalence to the original drug.Aim. To study the pharmacokinetics and effect on hemodynamic parameters of the original and a generic nebivolol in healthy volunteers in the fasting state. Material and methods. 18 healthy volunteers were included into the randomized open study on cross-balanced design. They received single dose (5 mg) of two compared preparations of nebivolol under fasting condition. The concentration of unchanged nebivolol in blood plasma was determined by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters and assessment of the hemodynamic were performed.Results. The concentrations of nebivolol after the original and generic drugs intake did not differ significantly in any time point (AUC0-∞ 41.09±46.82 vs 47.16±66.58 ng•hr/mL and T1/2 30.84±10.78 vs 29.59±12.08 hours, respectively). Blood pressure reduction was slightly more pronounced when taking generic nebivolol, while the reduction in heart rate at 2 and 4 hours – after original nebivolol intake.Conclusion. A comparative pharmacokinetic study of the genetic nebivolol showed its bioequivalence to the original drug. The effect on hemodynamic parameters with single dose (5 mg) of generic and original nebivolol in healthy volunteers was comparable

The role of active herpesvirus infection in the formation of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis

The results of previous studies suggest the involvement of herpes viruses in the development of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, but there is no convincing evidence. Aim of the study was to evaluate the role of active herpesvirus infection in exacerbation of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Material and methods. The analysis of the incidence of infectious mononucleosis, genital herpes, cytomegalovirus infection, skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis in Russia in 2000–2020 was carried out. 92 blood donors and 97 patients with skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases (44 with atopic dermatitis and 53 with psoriasis) were examined for the presence of immunoglobulins M and G to herpes simplex viruses (HSV1,2), Epstein-Barr (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpes type 6 (HНV6). Results and discussion. A significant strong direct correlation was revealed between the incidence of genital herpes and diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (p = 0.85), atopic dermatitis (p = 0.85); infectious mononucleosis and psoriasis (p = 0.85). The frequency of detection of IgM to HSV1,2, in total, IgG EA and IgM VCA EBV in the group of patients is significantly higher than in donors (p &lt; 0.05). In patients with atopic dermatitis, IgM to HSV1 were detected significantly more often than in individuals with psoriasis, and markers of active EBV infection were significantly less common. The presence of IgM HSV-1 statistically significantly increases the incidence of atopic dermatitis (relative risk (RR) = 2.3, 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) 1.6–3.3)), IgM VCA and IgG EA EBV – the incidence of psoriasis (RR = 2.3, 95 % CI 1.5–3.3). Conclusions. It has been shown for the first time that active HSV1,2 infection is a trigger factor for the development of atopic dermatitis, EBV infection is psoriasis

Фотодинамическая терапия ангиосаркомы мягких тканей волосистой части головы как альтернатива хирургическому лечению у больного с тяжелой сопуствующей патологией

A case of successful photodynamic therapy in patient of 86 y.o. with diagnosis: angiosarcoma of right temporal-parietal region stage IIA (Т2вN0M0) is reported. The tumor was as soft tissue round shape lesion with tuberous contours 3.4х3.4х1.1 cm in size, located in subcutaneous tissue in right parietal region with no scull bone invasion. The patient was refused to surgical treatment with general anesthesia due to severe cardiovascular co-morbidity. The patient underwent a course of photodynamic therapy with Photolon. The photosensitizer was intravenousely introduced for 3 h before irradiation at dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. The parameters of irradiation were as follows: output power – 0.8 W, light dose – 150 J/cm2, 4 irradiation fields 2.5 cm in diameter. During the irradiation there were moderate pain which did not require drug management. After PDT complete regression of the tumor was achieved. For nowadays (11 months after treatment) the patient is observed with no recurrence. The reported case shows that photodynamic therapy may be successfully used for alternative treatment of soft tissue angiosarcoma in patients with no ability for surgical treatment. Описан клинический случай успешного применения фотодинамической терапии (ФДТ) больного 86 лет с диагнозом: ангиосаркома мягких тканей правой височно-теменной области стадии IIA (Т2вN0M0). Опухолевый очаг представлял собой мягкотканное образование округлой формы с бугристыми контурами размером 3,4х3,4х1,1 см, располагающееся в подкожной клетчатке правой теменной области без вовлечения костей черепа. Пациенту было отказано в проведении хирургического лечения с применением общей анестезии вследствие наличия тяжелых сопутствующих сердечнососудистых заболеваний. Больному был проведен курс фотодинамической терапии с препаратом фотолон. Фотосенсибилизатор вводили внутривенно за 3 ч до облучения в дозе 1 мг/кг массы тела пациента. Параметры облучения: мощность на выходе – 0,8 Вт, плотность энергии – 150 Дж/см2, 4 поля облучения по 2,5 см в диаметре. Во время облучения были отмечены боли умеренной интенсивности, не требующие медикаментозной коррекции. После ФДТ получена полная регрессия опухоли. В настоящее время (11 мес. после проведения лечения) больной наблюдается без рецидива заболевания. Описанный случай показывает, что фотодинамическая терапия с успехом может применяться для альтернативного лечения ангиосаркомы мягких тканей у пациентов, которым невозможно выполнить хирургическое лечение.