162 research outputs found
The Origins of Concentric Demyelination: Self-Organization in the Human Brain
Baló's concentric sclerosis is a rare atypical form of multiple sclerosis characterized by striking concentric demyelination patterns. We propose a robust mathematical model for Baló's sclerosis, sharing common molecular and cellular mechanisms with multiple sclerosis. A reconsideration of the analogies between Baló's sclerosis and the Liesegang periodic precipitation phenomenon led us to propose a chemotactic cellular model for this disease. Rings of demyelination appear as a result of self-organization processes, and closely mimic Baló lesions. According to our results, homogeneous and concentric demyelinations may be two different macroscopic outcomes of a single fundamental immune disorder. Furthermore, in chemotactic models, cellular aggressivity appears to play a central role in pattern formation
Cortical injury in multiple sclerosis; the role of the immune system
The easily identifiable, ubiquitous demyelination and neuronal damage that occurs within the cerebral white matter of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been the subject of extensive study. Accordingly, MS has historically been described as a disease of the white matter. Recently, the cerebral cortex (gray matter) of patients with MS has been recognized as an additional and major site of disease pathogenesis. This acknowledgement of cortical tissue damage is due, in part, to more powerful MRI that allows detection of such injury and to focused neuropathology-based investigations. Cortical tissue damage has been associated with inflammation that is less pronounced to that which is associated with damage in the white matter. There is, however, emerging evidence that suggests cortical damage can be closely associated with robust inflammation not only in the parenchyma, but also in the neighboring meninges. This manuscript will highlight the current knowledge of inflammation associated with cortical tissue injury. Historical literature along with contemporary work that focuses on both the absence and presence of inflammation in the cerebral cortex and in the cerebral meninges will be reviewed
Ueber das Verhalten des Ammoniaks im Organismus und seine Beziehung zur Harnstoffbildung
Ein Fall von Morbus Addisonii mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der hämodynamischen Verhältnisse nebst Bemerkungen zur Lehre von der Acidose
Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen �ber Strukturver�nderungen in der Hirnrinde beim �dem und ihre Bedeutung f�r das Problem der Grundsubstanz
Zur Entstehung geschichteter Entmarkungsherde an Hand eines der Encephalitis concentrica (Bal�) nahestehenden Falles
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