79 research outputs found
Foam Concrete and Light Steel Thin-Wall Constructions in Buildings and Structures
Prefabricated frame and frameless technologies for the construction of buildings and structures are considered. The structures of roof and floor slabs made of foam concrete and light steel thin-walled structures are shown. The issue of the possibility of taking into account the joint work of light steel structures and foam concrete is considered
Large Scale Structures a Gradient Lines: the case of the Trkal Flow
A specific asymptotic expansion at large Reynolds numbers (R)for the long
wavelength perturbation of a non stationary anisotropic helical solution of the
force less Navier-Stokes equations (Trkal solutions) is effectively constructed
of the Beltrami type terms through multi scaling analysis. The asymptotic
procedure is proved to be valid for one specific value of the scaling
parameter,namely for the square root of the Reynolds number (R).As a result
large scale structures arise as gradient lines of the energy determined by the
initial conditions for two anisotropic Beltrami flows of the same helicity.The
same intitial conditions determine the boundaries of the vortex-velocity tubes,
containing both streamlines and vortex linesComment: 27 pages, 2 figure
ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ
The review of available theories explaining mechanisms of photosensitizer selective accumulation in tumor tissue is represented in the article. Variants associated with both targeted delivery of compounds with different chemical structure to tumor and low elimination rate of photosensitizers in the tumor are described. Details of tumor cell up-take of photosensitizer bounded with lipoproteins due to increased expression of low solidity lipoproteins receptors comparing with normal cells; mechanisms of photosensitizer accumulation in tumor tissue due to phagocytosis by macrophages localized in this area; mechanisms of binding of porphyrin-based photosensitizer by collagen fibers, production of which is increased in tumor cells, and other mechanisms are reviewed. Perspectives of practical application of knowledge about mechanisms of selective accumulation for induced increase in selectiveness of photosensitizer accumulation in tumor through targeted delivery of agent to pathological tissues are shown. Analysis of world trends in the search of transport systems for photosensitizers is performed.Β Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΡ
. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π·Π°Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ; ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Π³Π°ΠΌΠΈ; ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ².
Π‘ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² 137Cs, 85Sr ΠΈ 60Co ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
The results of the study of cesium, strontium, cobalt radionuclides sorption from model solutions simulating liquid radioactive waste on promising sorbents based on thermally modified oil shale are presented. The dependency of texture parameters obtained from the results of nitrogen adsorption-desorption on the treatment method of oil shale and their relationship to sorption parameters such as distribution coefficient and removal efficiency was discussed. Understanding how pore characteristics affect the sorption activity of such complex systems as sorbents is important for the creation of radionuclide sorption materials with improved characteristics. The efficiency of sorption of cesium, strontium and cobalt radionuclides was rather high for sorbent samples: the distribution coefficient was about 103β104 ml/g with a removal efficiency of more than 66 %. The most effective sorbent was obtained from oil shale with a heating rate of 5 deg/min without subsequent steam treatment, which is recommended to be used for low-active radioactive waste treatment.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅Π² ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈβΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ) ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅Π½ΡΡ, Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΡΠ° Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ: ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ 103β104 ΠΌΠ»/Π³ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 66 %. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅Π½Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ 5 Π³ΡΠ°Π΄/ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°
Π€ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ»ΡΠ²Ρ ΠΈ Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°
In the present review the authors analyzed the effectiveness of treatment of intraepithelial neoplasia I-II-III of the cervix (CIN), vulva (VIN) and vagina (VaIN) using photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is a method based on exposure to light after preliminary introduction of a photosensitizer into the body with the formation of singlet oxygen, which has a cytotoxic effect. The results of research on the use of PDT with various photosensitizers in the complex of therapeutic measures in patients with CIN, VIN, VaIN are presented. These data on the effectiveness and safety of PDT, ease of use allow this medical technology to be attributed to one of the most promising areas in the treatment of pathological intraepithelial changes of the cervix, vulva and vagina. The presented information allows focusing the attention on the PDT method and informing doctors and researchers about the broad prospects for applying this treatment method in clinical practice.Π ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ I-II-III ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ (CIN), Π²ΡΠ»ΡΠ²Ρ (VIN) ΠΈ Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ° (VaIN) Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΈΜ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ (Π€ΠΠ’). Π€ΠΠ’ β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΈΜ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΈΜ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈΜ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π€ΠΠ’ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈΜ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ CIN, VIN, VaIN. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π€ΠΠ’, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈΜ Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ»ΡΠ²Ρ ΠΈ Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π€ΠΠ’ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΈΜ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΈΜ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅
Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ 5-ΠΠΠ ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° 5-ΠΠΠ
A comparative experimental study of the specific activity of drugs based on 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and its hexyl ester (5-ALA HE) was carried out. Their ability to induce the synthesis of photoactive protoporphyrin IX in the healthy tissues of the rabbit bladder when instilling the drug solutions at various concentrations has been estimated. It was shown that 5-ALA HE results in the induction and accumulation of PPIX in the rabbit bladder epithelium at much lower concentrations than 5-ALA. Thus, a significant increase in the fluorescence intensity in comparison with the control was achieved by instillation of 5-ALA HE solution in the rabbitβ bladder at a concentration of only 0.0001% (fluorescence intensity 2.20Β±0.60 a.u.), and for 5-ALA β only when using a solution at a concentration of 0.3% (fluorescence intensity 2.60Β±1.02 a.u.).ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ 5-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ (5-ΠΠΠ) ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° (ΠΠ 5-ΠΠΠ). ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° IX Β Π² Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΠ 5-ΠΠΠ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠIX Π² ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ 5-ΠΠΠ. Π’Π°ΠΊ, Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΠ 5-ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ 0,0001% (ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ 2,20Β±0,60 ΡΡΠ».Π΅Π΄.), Π° Π΄Π»Ρ 5-ΠΠΠ β ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 0,3% (ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ 2,60Β±1,02 ΡΡΠ».Π΅Π΄.)
ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ 5-ΠΠΠ
This article presents the results of a clinical study that examined the diagnostic efficacy of fluorescent diagnostics (FD) of non-muscularinvasive bladder cancer using a photosensitizer of FD of malignant neoplasms β 5-aminolevulinic acid hexyl ester (5-ALA HE) compared with standard cystoscopy. The study involved 110 patients. The study began with intravesical administration of 50 ml of 0.2% solution of 5-ALA HE, the exposure time was 1 hour, after which the drug was removed from the organ. During the next hour, the mucous membranes were examined in two cystoscopy modes, followed by a standard transurethral resection of all urothelium sites with suspicion for tumor lesion based on white light and visible red fluorescence, and a control blind biopsy from the visually unchanged and non-fluorescent mucous tissue in each patient. The results of the study indicate the high effectiveness of the developed FD methodology with 5-ALA HE in detecting non-muscularinvasive bladder cancer during intravesical administration of the drug, due to selective accumulation of hexasens-induced PPIX in the tumor tissue compared with healthy mucosa. Compared with the results of standard cystoscopy, fluorescence diagnostics significantly increased diagnostic sensitivity by 24.4% (from 75.1% to 99.5%), diagnostic accuracy β by 15.8% (from 82.4% to 98.2%) and a negative predictive value β by 33.2% (from 65.8% to 99%) (pβ€0.05). Additionally, a total of 37 (33.6%) patients was found to have 63 foci of fluorescence with a diameter of 2.5 to 3.0 mm. 59 of these were morphologically confirmed to contain cancer cells.Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ (Π€Π) Π½Π΅ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ Π€Π Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ β Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° 5-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ (ΠΠ 5-ΠΠΠ) Π² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ 110 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 50 ΠΌΠ» 0,2%-Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΠ 5-ΠΠΠ, Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ cΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 1 Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°. Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π·ΠΎΠ½ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Β«ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡΡΒ» Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π€Π»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° 24,4% (Ρ 75,1% Π΄ΠΎ 99,5%), ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ β Π½Π° 15,8% (Ρ 82,4% Π΄ΠΎ 98,2%) ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ β Π½Π° 33,2% (Ρ 65,8% Π΄ΠΎ 99%) (Ρβ€0,05). ΠΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ 37 (33,6%) Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ 63 ΠΎΡΠ°Π³Π° ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ 2,5 Π΄ΠΎ 3,0 ΠΌΠΌ, Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, Π² 59 ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ
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