The resocialization process of elderly and disabled through club activities in institutional care

The article presents the results of sociological research on the issues of the re-socialization of elderly and people with functional limitations and health problems through club activities, based on the example of five institutions (boarding houses for the elderly and disabled) located in Belgorod regio

Генетическая модель болезни двигательного нейрона у мышей линии B6SjL-tg: новые данные о динамике двигательных нарушений и иммуногистохимических проявлений нейродегенеративного процесса

Introduction. Over the past several decades, the study of mutations associated with motor neuron disease has led to the development of a number of transgenic animal models of motor neuron disease. One of the causes of the familial form of this disorder is mutations in the gene encoding Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1. The B6SJL-Tg (SOD1*G93A) mouse strain expresses a mutant form of human superoxide dismutase 1. Aim of study. To assess motor functions, dynamics of survival, and morphological changes in the spinal cord of transgenic B6SJL-Tg (SOD1*G93A) mice. Material and methods. In total, 31 animals have been studied. Starting from the age of 22 weeks, once every two weeks, the “open field” and “beam walking” motor tests were performed. The morphological changes in the spinal cord were evaluated at intermediate (26–35 weeks) and late stages (40–45 weeks). Neuronal proteins NeuN and PGP9.5, gliofibrillar protein, cyclonucleotide phosphatase (a marker of oligodendroglia) and a marker protein of microglia IBA1 were detected by immunohistochemistry; antibodies MTC02 to the outer membrane protein were used to detect mitochondria. Results. Motor problems appeared at the age of 24–26 weeks and steadily progressed; one could see consistent paresis of the hindlimbs, then the forelimbs, which was accompanied by general hypotrophy of the animals. There was a greater variability in the timing of symptom onset and life expectancy in males compared to females. The neurodegenerative process with damage to motor neurons was accompanied by the activation of micro- and astroglia. A sharp decrease in immunoreactivity to the mitochondrial marker MTC02 was found. Conclusion. The obtained results demonstrate new details of the development of a complex of motor and pathomorphological changes characteristic of motor neuron disease in B6SJL-Tg (SOD1*G93A) mice. Clarification of the fine dynamics of the neurodegenerative process in these animals is of great importance for monitoring the course of the disease during preclinical trials of new drugs and methods of gene therapy.Введение. За последние несколько десятилетий изучение мутаций, связанных с болезнью двигательного нейрона, привело к разработке ряда трансгенных моделей этого заболевания на животных. Одной из известных причин семейной формы болезни двигательного нейрона являются мутации в гене, кодирующем Cu / Zn-супероксиддисмутазу 1 (SOD1). Линия мышей B6SJL-Tg (SOD1*G93A) экспрессирует мутантную форму данного гена и может рассматриваться как анимальная модель болезни двигательного нейрона. Цель исследования – оценить двигательные функции, динамику выживаемости и морфологические изменения в спинном мозге трансгенных мышей B6SJL-Tg (SOD1*G93A). Материалы и методы. В исследование было взято 31 животное с указанной мутацией, которым начиная с возраста 22 нед, раз в 2 нед проводили двигательные тесты «открытое поле» и «сужающаяся дорожка». Морфологические изменения в спинном мозге оценивали на промежуточных (26–35 нед) и поздних стадиях (40–45 нед). Иммуногистохимически выявляли нейрональные белки NeuN и PGP9.5, глиофибриллярный белок, циклонуклеотидфосфатазу (маркер олигодендроглии) и маркерный белок микроглии IBA1, для выявления митохондрий использовали антитела MTC02 к белку наружной мембраны. Результаты. Двигательные нарушения появлялись в возрасте 24–26 нед и неуклонно прогрессировали, наблюдался восходящий парез задних, затем передних конечностей, что сопровождалось общей гипотрофией животных. Отмечена бóльшая вариабельность в сроках появления симптомов и продолжительности жизни самцов по сравнению с самками. Нейродегенеративный процесс с поражением двигательных нейронов сопровождался активацией микро- и астроглии. Обнаружено резкое снижение иммунореактивности к митохондриальному маркеру MTC02. Заключение. Полученные результаты демонстрируют особенности развития у мышей B6SJL-Tg (SOD1*G93A) комплекса двигательных и патоморфологических изменений, характерных для болезни двигательного нейрона. Уточнение тонкой динамики нейродегенеративного процесса у модельных животных имеет значение для мониторинга течения болезни при проведении доклинических испытаний новых лекарственных препаратов и методов генной терапии

Genetic model of motor neuron disease in B6SJL-Tg mice: new data on the dynamics of motor symptoms and immunohistochemical manifestations of the neurodegenerative process

Introduction. Over the past several decades, the study of mutations associated with motor neuron disease has led to the development of a number of transgenic animal models of motor neuron disease. One of the causes of the familial form of this disorder is mutations in the gene encoding Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1. The B6SJL-Tg (SOD1*G93A) mouse strain expresses a mutant form of human superoxide dismutase 1. Aim of study. To assess motor functions, dynamics of survival, and morphological changes in the spinal cord of transgenic B6SJL-Tg (SOD1*G93A) mice. Material and methods. In total, 31 animals have been studied. Starting from the age of 22 weeks, once every two weeks, the “open field” and “beam walking” motor tests were performed. The morphological changes in the spinal cord were evaluated at intermediate (26–35 weeks) and late stages (40–45 weeks). Neuronal proteins NeuN and PGP9.5, gliofibrillar protein, cyclonucleotide phosphatase (a marker of oligodendroglia) and a marker protein of microglia IBA1 were detected by immunohistochemistry; antibodies MTC02 to the outer membrane protein were used to detect mitochondria. Results. Motor problems appeared at the age of 24–26 weeks and steadily progressed; one could see consistent paresis of the hindlimbs, then the forelimbs, which was accompanied by general hypotrophy of the animals. There was a greater variability in the timing of symptom onset and life expectancy in males compared to females. The neurodegenerative process with damage to motor neurons was accompanied by the activation of micro- and astroglia. A sharp decrease in immunoreactivity to the mitochondrial marker MTC02 was found. Conclusion. The obtained results demonstrate new details of the development of a complex of motor and pathomorphological changes characteristic of motor neuron disease in B6SJL-Tg (SOD1*G93A) mice. Clarification of the fine dynamics of the neurodegenerative process in these animals is of great importance for monitoring the course of the disease during preclinical trials of new drugs and methods of gene therapy

EXPERIENCE OF USING LAKOSAMID IN VARIOUS FORMS OF EPILEPSY (The results of observational study in city outpatient health care chain of Moscow)

This paper presents experience of using Vimpat in outpatient health care chain of Moscow. In the observational study were attended 49 patients with difficult for treatment focal forms of epilepsy (cryptogenic and symptomatic forms). Vimpat used in complex therapy in the mean effective dose of 300-400 mg per day. As a result, the data on a cohort of Russian patients showed that Vimpat demonstrate a sufficiently high clinical efficacy (55%, p<0.01) and appropriate for use in patients with difficult for treatment forms of epilepsy in complex therapy when the previous treatment was ineffective

EXPERIENCE OF PROLONGED VALPROATE USE IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH FOCAL FORMS OF EPILEPSY (RESULTS OF OBSERVATION HELD IN OUT-PATIENT CLINICS OF MOSCOW)

Results of Depakine Chronosphere use in Moscow city out-patient clinics are demonstrated in the article. 48 patients with focal forms of epilepsy (cryptogenic and symptomatic) were examined: 32 men and 16 women in age of 16 - 59 years with different duration of disease and different types of seizures. Depakine Chronosphere was indicated to patients who were already taking antiepileptic drugs in monotherapy with efficacy of 50% and more, and also to patients with drug remission, but with side effects, requiring changes of current indications. Results of the observation demonstrated high efficacy of Depakine Chronosphere in adult patients with different forms of focal epilepsy in monotherapy and also its use possibility in case of noneffective or poor tolerability of other valproates and carbamazepine