Counter Patent

Circuit for measuring wide range of pulse rates by utilizing high capacity counte

Circuit counts pulses and indicates time of occurrence of slow pulses

Counter includes one section which counts the first several pulses, and a second section which counts pulses from a clock between the beginning of a sampling interval and the receipt of the first pulse by the circuit. The number of clock pulses indicates receipt time of the first pulse

Theoretical Genetics - Paper Presented at the Fifty-Fifth Annual Meeting

The first task of genetics was to determine the laws which govern the transmission of characters from parent to offspring and to locate the material basis for this regular behavior. The task was quickly accomplished so that 20 years ago the gene-chromosome theory of heredity was well established; it has since been the ABC of genetics and provides the framework upon which more recent work rests. The substance of the theory, as you will recall, is that the characters observed in an adult individual are determined by genes which are arranged in a linear order in the chromosomes

Effects of parent child interaction and language stimulation on children\u27s language development

Research Questions: Does parent positive regard relate to a child’s receptive language development? Does language stimulation relate to a child’s receptive language development? Does parent bookreading behavior (reading fluency, reading intonation/animation, comfort level, and child involvement) relate to a child’s receptive language development? Measures: Preschool Language Scale-5 (PLS-5) Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-4 (PPVT-4) HOME Language and Literacy Scale Video Codes from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care Results: Positive regard was not significantly related to the PLS-5 or the PPVT-4. The HOME Language and Literacy Scale was a significant predictor of the PPVT-4 and was related to the PLS-5 at a trend level. The bookreading variable of observed parent comfort was a significant predictor of PPVT-4 scores. The bookreading variable of observed child involvement was a significant predictor of PPVT-4 scores and was related to PLS-5 scores on a trend level. Discussion:The quality and quantity of stimulation support of a child at home along with parents involving their children during reading time significantly relates to a child’s language development. Comfort and child involvement are good predictors of language development because the child is exposed to reading and being comfortable reading at an early age

Effects of parent child interaction and language stimulation on children\u27s language development

Research Questions: Does parent positive regard relate to a child’s receptive language development? Does language stimulation relate to a child’s receptive language development? Does parent bookreading behavior (reading fluency, reading intonation/animation, comfort level, and child involvement) relate to a child’s receptive language development? Measures: Preschool Language Scale-5 (PLS-5) Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-4 (PPVT-4) HOME Language and Literacy Scale Video Codes from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care Results: Positive regard was not significantly related to the PLS-5 or the PPVT-4. The HOME Language and Literacy Scale was a significant predictor of the PPVT-4 and was related to the PLS-5 at a trend level. The bookreading variable of observed parent comfort was a significant predictor of PPVT-4 scores. The bookreading variable of observed child involvement was a significant predictor of PPVT-4 scores and was related to PLS-5 scores on a trend level. Discussion:The quality and quantity of stimulation support of a child at home along with parents involving their children during reading time significantly relates to a child’s language development. Comfort and child involvement are good predictors of language development because the child is exposed to reading and being comfortable reading at an early age

Heart rate variability analysis in sheep affected by transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The function of the autonomic nervous system can be assessed by determining heart rate variability (HRV), which is impaired in some brainstem diseases in humans. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in sheep are diseases characterised by accumulation of disease-associated prion protein in the brainstem, including nuclei of the parasympathetic nervous system. This study was undertaken to assess whether analysis of HRV can be used as an aid in the diagnosis of TSEs in clinically affected, naturally or experimentally infected sheep.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>When HRV indices were compared between 41 clinical TSE cases (18 sheep infected with scrapie and 23 sheep infected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy), 11 control sheep and six sheep reported as scrapie suspects or dosed with BSE brain homogenate, which were not confirmed as TSE cases by postmortem tests, no significant differences were found between the groups. Median heart rate was significantly different but only when sheep were grouped by gender: it was higher in female TSE cases than in control sheep and higher in female than castrated male ovine classical BSE cases.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>HRV analysis was not useful as a diagnostic aid for TSEs of sheep.</p

Agriculture, Population, Land and Water Scarcity in a Changing World – The Role of Irrigation

Fertile land and fresh water constitute two of the most fundamental resources for food production. These resources are affected by environmental, political, economic, and technical developments. Regional impacts may transmit to the world through increased trade. With a global forest and agricultural sector model, we quantify the impacts of increased demand for food due to population growth and economic development on potential land and water use. In particular, we investigate producer adaptation regarding crop and irrigation choice, agricultural market adjustments, and changes in the values of land and water.Irrigation, Food supply, Integrated assessment, Water use intensity, Agricultural adaptation, Land scarcity, Partial equilibrium model, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Liquid antiferromagnets in two dimensions

It is shown that, for proper symmetry of the parent lattice, antiferromagnetic order can survive in two-dimensional liquid crystals and even isotropic liquids of point-like particles, in contradiction to what common sense might suggest. We discuss the requirements for antiferromagnetic order in the absence of translational and/or orientational lattice order. One example is the honeycomb lattice, which upon melting can form a liquid crystal with quasi-long-range orientational and antiferromagnetic order but short-range translational order. The critical properties of such systems are discussed. Finally, we draw conjectures for the three-dimensional case.Comment: 4 pages RevTeX, 4 figures include

Tent construction and use by Uroderma bilobatum in coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) in Costa Rica

Tent construction and use, uniformity of tents, and frond selection were studied in a population of Uroderma bilobatum roosting in coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) in Parque Nacional Palo Verde, Guanacaste Province, northwestern Costa Rica during July 1988. Palm leaflets were cut at their midribs in a line converging distally with the frond midrib, and the leaflets collapsed downward to form a large enclosed tent. Tent height, number of leaflets cut, and angle between the line of cut leaflets and the midrib of the fronds were measured to assess uniformity of tent construction. To ascertain if bats were selecting specific trees or fronds, we measured the angle of orientation of cut fronds, number of fronds hanging above a tent, and tree height. Bat tents were found in palms with a narrower range of heights than the overall tree population, and trees with tents were taller on average than trees without tents. A single altered frond provides excellent protection from rainfall. Bats do not seem to prefer fronds based on number of overhanging fronds or angle of orientation. The age of the modified frond may be an important factor in roost site selection, as tents in younger fronds were more likely to be occupied that those in older fronds. The number of bats roosting under tents ranged from 1 to 15 adults and subadults. The colony was composed largely of adult females and two age classes of young