Genetic determinants of the development and course of membranous nephropathy

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults and is classified as either primary (idiopatic) or secondary MN according to underlying etiology (the later result from some known disease such as systemic autoimmune diseases, infections, malignancies, drugs, etc). In recent years, phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R) and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) were identified as two major podocytic antigens involved in the pathogenesis of idiopatic MN (IMN). And the discovery of circulating antibodies specific for these target antigens has transformed the diagnostic workup and significally improved management of IMN. However why do such antibodies develop is not conclusively established. The role of underlying genetic factors is discussed. The review presents the results of recent studies, that have shown significant associations of specific genetic factors (particularly human leucocyte antigen class II and PLA2R1 genes) with IMN

MRI with Contrast Enhancement in a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease: to Contrast Have Not Be Denied. Where Should We Put the Comma?

This paper provides information on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the population. In General, according to various studies, signs of kidney disease and/or reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are detected on average in every tenth resident in different countries. It is extremely important to identify such patients before MRI with contrast enhancement, otherwise non-compliance with international manuals on contrast agents could lead to nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). The data of the study of Gadobutrol in Renally Impaired Patients (GRIP) indicate a favorable safety profile of Gadovist® in patients with moderate and severe renal impairment. Taking into account the available safety data and current manuals on contrast agents, only NSF low risk gadolinium-based contrast agents can be used in patients with severe renal impairment

POLYMORPHISM OF CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS ASSOCIATION WITH ADPRT1 GENE VAL762ALA

Association of polymorphic ADPRT1 gene Val762Ala marker, encoding poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-l, with the development, course and progress of chronic glomerulonephritis was revealed during investigation. The risk of the chronic glomerulonephritis development is higher in patients-carriers of Val-allele and Val/Val-genotype and lower in those with Ala-allele and Ala/Ala-genotype

Microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome (MicroCLOTS): a new variant of thrombotic microangiopathy?

[No abstract available

The complement inhibitors in COVID-19: Future expectations

[No abstract available

The Role of Magnesium in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Possibility of their Prevention and Correction with Magnesium Preparations (Part 1)

The article is devoted to the influence of magnesium on the homeostasis of the body and, in particular, on the cardiovascular system. It describes the importance of the presence and effects of magnesium on various key processes and functions occurring in the body. The reasons for the lack of magnesium and ways to replenish it both in the natural way (eating, certain foods) and magnesium preparations are considered. The article provides examples of large randomized studies that prove the importance of the influence of normal magnesium levels on human health in general and on the state of the cardiovascular system. These studies show how magnesium deficiency increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and how it can be reduced. It is also shown which trace elements and vitamins are closely related to magnesium metabolism, and how they (in particular, potassium and vitamin B6) improve and facilitate the normalization of magnesium levels. It is noted how comorbidity decreases with the normalization of magnesium level – the higher the magnesium level in the blood plasma (closer to the upper limit and more), the less comorbidity and longer life expectancy. Magnesium is an absolutely essential ion and a good medicine. Magnesium deficiency and hypomagnesemia are quite common, difficult to diagnose (due to underestimation and rare level control) and accompany many diseases of the cardiovascular system and beyond. The widespread use of organic magnesium salts would improve the situation as a whole, due to their universal multiple effect on many processes in the body. This is an integral part of therapeutic and preventive measures in patients with already existing diseases and in people who do not have diseases, but who are at risk due to existing hypomagnesemia