Expression Of Cytokeratin 18 In The Peripheral Nerves

The perineurium constitutes the basis for the regulation of endoneurial fluid homeostasis. In the work presented here, cytokeratin 18, as an immunohistochemical marker for epithelial cells, was used to identify the perineurium in the peripheral nerves of two species. Two organs, rich in peripheral nerves, were used; the tongue of the bull and the ductus deferens of the male goat. Special attention was paid to one of the the nerve sheath cells - the perineurial cells of myelinated nerves in the skeletal muscle of the tongue and in the smooth muscle in the wall of the ductus deferens. A positive reaction to cytokeratin 18 was found in the perineurial cells of the perineurial sheath in the nerves of various sizes. No difference in the reactivity was observed between the peripheral nerves of the tongue and that of the ductus deferens

Immunohistochemical Localization of Elastic System Fibres in the Canine Prostate

The elastic fibres are particularly important for the structural integrity and function of the prostate. In this study, the elastic fibres of the normal dog prostate gland were identified by immunohistochemistry. In the capsule, the elastic fibres form membranes of different thicknesses-located mainly in the intermediate and deep zones. Large trabeculae which extend from the capsule contain elastic fibres with a prevalence in the longitudinal direction. Around blood vessels, the elastic fibres are concentrated and form annular structures. In the fine septa supporting the lobules, elastic fibres form a fine elastic meshwork. Between the secretory units of the prostate gland, the fine elastic fibres are located under the secretory epithelium. An increase of elastic fibres around the ducts entering the urethra was observed. An accumulation of elastic fibres in the capsule and stromal septa may participate in the releasing of secretory products during ejaculation

Immunohistochemical Study of the Goat Ductus deferens

Ductus deferens plays an important role in sperm transport and participates in the preservation of structure, maturation, and viability of sperm. In this study, we have immunohistochemically examined the ductus deferens in the goat. For immunohistochemical study the following monoclonal antibodies were used: cytokeratin 18, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), vimentin and elastin. Morphologically, three distinct layers were identified in the goat ductus deferens — tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica adventitia. The epithelium of the mucosa was intensely stained with cytokeratin 18 (CK 18). The fibroblasts in the lamina propria and blood capillaries in the muscle layer showed positive reaction for vimentin. A positive reaction for α-SMA was observed in the smooth muscle cells of the tunica muscularis in the internal, middle and outer sublayers. An intense positive reaction for α-SMA was observed in the wall of the blood vessels. Elastic fibers in the form of a loose meshwork were present in all three layers. The high density of elastic fibers were found in the tunica adventitia

The Distribution of Collagen and Elastic Fibres in the Lactating Bovine Mammary Gland

Collagen and elastic fibres are generally present in organs whose normal function requires great resistance and elasticity. The aim of this study was to localize the collagen and elastic fibres in the stroma of the bovine lactating mammary gland and to determine their role in the process of milk ejection. For this purpose, the histochemical staining for collagen and the immunohistochemical method for the detection of elastin were used. The accumulation of scattered collagen fibres was observed between and inside the lobules where they formed distinct septa. Between secretory alveoli, the collagen fibres were found to be concentrated into two incomplete layers surrounding the blood capillaries. Bundles of elastic fibres in high density were located in the interlobular spaces. A dense network of elastic fibres was located between adjacent alveoli. Elastic membranes were located beneath the secretory epithelium. The high concentration of the collagen and elastic fibres indicated, that both types of fibres play a significant role in the resistance during the secretory stage and in the recoil of the mammary gland after milk ejection

The Effect of Low Dose of Cadmium on Growth, Reproduction and Chicken Viability

Cadmium (Cd) is considered to be a highly polluting heavy metal with toxic effects on health and reproduction. In this study, the effects of low dose cadmium on growth, reproductive properties, and egg properties were studied. Cadmium as cadmium chloride (CdCl2) at a dose of 3 mg Cd.kg−1 was added as a feed supplement. The following parameters were evaluated: body weight, egg production, fertility, hatching, embryo and chick mortality, and egg quality characteristics. After 2 months of exposure to low doses of cadmium, the body weight increased in the cocks and did not change in the laying hens. Egg production was not affected, while fertility increased. The values of egg weight and hardness, thickness and shell weight were significantly higher (P < 0.05). The embryo mortality in the experimental group was lower (6.5 % vs. 12.8 %) compared to the control group. The hatching was significantly higher (P < 0.05) and the loss in 7 day old chickens was similar to that in the control group. Although the toxic effects of cadmium on reproduction and accumulation in poultry bodies have been generally described, low-doses of cadmium given to adult hens and cocks has improved the reproductive parameters and qualitative properties of laying hen eggs. The results related to the reproduction and quality of eggs obtained in this study have the characteristics of the hormetic effects of low cadmium uptake