4 research outputs found

    The role of hydrophyte systems in sewage treatment from rural areas

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    Celem bada艅 by艂a ocena skuteczno艣ci oczyszczania 艣ciek贸w bytowo-gospodarczych w ma艂ej przydomowej oczyszczalni wierzbowej oraz doczyszczania 艣ciek贸w w gminnej, mechaniczno-biologicznej oczyszczalni z filtrem piaskowo-trzcinowym. Pr贸bki 艣ciek贸w do bada艅 pobierano w okresie od maja do grudnia 2007 r. Liczebno艣膰 bakterii heterotroficznych zdolnych do wzrostu w temperaturze 22掳C (jtk 22掳C) i 37掳C (jtk 37掳C) oznaczano metod膮 p艂ytek lanych zgodnie z norm膮 PN-ISO 6222. Liczebno艣膰 bakterii z grupy coli (TC) oraz bakterii termotolerancyjnych (fekalnych) z grupy coli (FC) oznaczano metod膮 fermentacyjn膮 prob贸wkow膮 zgodnie z PN-75/C-04615/05 i PN-77/C-04615/07. Liczebno艣膰 paciorkowc贸w ka艂owych [FS] badano metod膮 filtr贸w membranowych zgodnie z PN-82/C-04615/25 na pod艂o偶u Slanetza-Bertleya. Wykazano znaczne zmniejszenie liczebno艣ci wi臋kszo艣ci badanych grup bakterii w trakcie oczyszczania 艣ciek贸w metod膮 hydrobotaniczn膮. W najmniejszym stopniu zmniejszy艂a si臋 liczebno艣膰 paciorkowc贸w ka艂owych.One of the ways to solve the sewage treatment problems in Polish rural areas is the use of unconventional sewage treatment systems based on ponds with macrophytes or on ground filters with hydrophytes. Their function follows the model of natural wetlands. They are featured by many merits and can be used to treat sewage from single farms, small villages, land estates or agro-tourist centres. Beside abiotic processes such as sedimentation and filtration, sorption of chemical pollutants in the medium and photolytic reactions, an important role in sewage treatment play biological factors - vascular flora and microorganisms in a given object. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of sewage treatment in a small home willow treatment plant and treated sewage polishing in the communal mechanical-biological treatment plant with sand-reed filter. The sewage for analyses was sampled from May to December 2007. The number of heterotrophic bacteria capable of growing at temperatures of 22掳C (cfu 22掳C) and 37掳C (cfu 37掳C) was estimated by cast plate method according to Polish standard PN-ISO 6222. The numbers of coliform bacteria [TC] and thermo-tolerant (faecal) coliform bacteria [FC] were estimated by means of fermentation test-tube method according to Polish standards PN-75/C-04615/05 and PN-77/C-04615/07. The number of faecal streptococci (FS) was determined by the membrane filter method according to Polish standard PN-82/C-04615/25 with the use of Slanetz-Bertley medium. Considerable reduction of the majority of investigated bacteria groups was found during hydrophyte sewage treatment. The lowest reduction was observed in the number of faecal streptococci
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