INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND COLORECTAL CANCER, NUTRACEUTICAL ASPECTS

Nutraceuticals constitute a group of functional foods that provide added health benefits for various disorders including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CCR). The main groups of nutraceuticals include probiotics, prebiotics omega 3 and antioxidants. Studies on nutraceutical showed that this type of food possessed similar properties to drugs but with the benefit of not having side effects. This mini review shows that probiotics and prebiotics, when administered simultaneously with traditional therapies, reduce IBD symptoms and reduce synthesis of enzymes probably involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. Moreover, Omega 3 reduces the synthesis of inflammation mediators and prevenents carcinogenesis through interaction interaction with the signaling pathway NOTCH1/MMP9. Moreover, antioxidant reduce the inflammatory process by inhibiting the synthesis of inflammatory mediators, and inhibit the mechanisms of cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis. In brief, nutraceuticals have gained a huge clinical interest since they could be used along with traditional therapy. Bioavailability studies of nutracetical supplements guarantee a correct intake of the substance by oral administration, a matter which would not have been posible to have entirely with the consumprtion of regular food only

NUTRITION, OXIDATIVE STRESS AND INTESTINAL DYSBIOSIS: INFLUENCE OF DIET ON GUT MICROBIOTA IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES.

Microbiota refers to the population of microorganism (bacteria, viruses and fungi) that inhabit the entire gastrointestinal tract, more particularly the colon whose role is to maintain the integrity of the intestinal mucosa and control the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Alteration in the composition of the gut microbiota is called dysbiosis. Dysbiosis redisposes to inflammatory bowe diseases such ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease and indeterminated colitis. The purpose of this literature review is to elucidate the influence of diet on the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota in the healthy gut and the role of diet in the development of dysbiosis. The "western diet", in particular a low-fiber high/fat carboydrate diet is one factor that can lead to severe dysbiosis. in contrast, "mediterranean diet" and vegetearian diets that includes abundant fruits, vegetables, olive oil and oily fish are known for their anti-inflammatory effects and could prevent dysbiosis and subsequent inflammatory bowel disease

Étude critique des plans d'orientation et de référence en céphalométrie

Une étude critique des plans d'orientation et de référence en céphalométrie est réalisée. Les données reposent sur les mesures céphalométriques d'une recherche qui a été menée sur un échantillon de 90 jeunes adultes libanais, répartis en 43 filles et 47 garçons, et dont les téléradiographies ont été prises suivant la position d'équilibre naturel. Cette étude a permis de faire une mise au point sur l'importance du Plan Horizontal en tant que plan d'orientation et plan de référence, grâce à la reproductibilité fiable de la position d'équilibre naturel et la grande variabilité des plans de référence intracraniens par rapport au Plan Vertical, suite à la faible corrélation trouvée entre des mesures se basant sur la vraie horizontale comme plan de référence (AB - horizontale) et des mesures se basant sur des plans ou des points intracraniens (ANB) comme référence. Cette étude a également permis de déterminer les variations de certaines mesures angulaires sagittales (SNA, SNB, SNPog) prises suivant deux orientations différentes : le plan de Francfort et la position d'équilibre naturel

Predicting urinary bladder voiding by means of a linear discriminant analysis: Validation in rats

Aims: The objective of this work is to investigate whether changes in bladder pressure's patterns can be used to forecast voiding events in rats with both normal and overactive detrusor. Methods: A voiding forecasting algorithm based on machine learning was developed. Raw pressure curves as well as their corresponding power bands were used as inputs to a linear discriminant analysis classifier. Performance was evaluated on held-out test data and was statistically validated via comparison to random predictors. Results: Using the band-power feature, 93% and 99% of the alarms were respectively generated within 95 s before voiding for normal and hyperactive bladder conditions respectively. The same algorithm was assessed using the band-power feature. It showed performances achieving respective success rates of 99% and 97% for normal and hyperactive bladder condition respectively with alarms generated within 45 s before voiding. Conclusions: We have demonstrated the feasibility of detecting the pre-voiding periods in rats with normal and overactive bladders with a high success rate. Significance: To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the possibility of predicting voiding in rats with a machine learning algorithm based on a Linear Discriminant Analysis. Our work was compared to other relevant studies and showed better results. With this study, accurate urinary bladder voiding forecasting could be implemented in closed-loop advisory/intervention devices