Therapeutic effects of metformin for noise induced hearing loss

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the healing effect of metformin on noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) by measuring audiological, biochemical and histological parameters.Materials and methods: 32 rats were divided into four groups (Group 1: Noise, Group 2: Noise + Metformin, Grup 3: Metformin, Grup 4: Control). Broadband noise was applied to Group 1 and Group 2 after basal measurements. Measuring audiological (distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)), biochemical (total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative status index (OSI), DNA damage, IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF alfa, HSF-1 and COX-2) and histological parameters.Results: Group 2 had significant decreases in ABR thresholds on day 7 and day 14 compared to day 1. DPOAE values of Group 2 on the 7th and 14th days were significantly higher than the post-noise levels. DNA damage, TOS and OSI values of Group 1 were significantly higher than the other groups. The Cox-2 value of Group 1 was higher than all other groups. The HSF-1 value of Group 2 was significantly higher than that of Group 1. In terms of IL-1 Beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha values, there was no significant difference between groups 2, 3 and 4 and these values were significantly lower than group 1. In histopathological results of our study, no significant difference was found between the groups being exposed to noise and the control group.Conclusion: This study showed that early period of Metformin treatment has therapeutic effect on NIHL

Histopathological evaluation of Ankaferd blood stopper use in the rabbit septoplasty model

WOS: 000350183800005PubMed ID: 25596649Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the use of Ankaferd blood stopper (ABS), an organic hemostatic agent of plant origin, in septoplasty operations, and to determine its effect on nasal septal tissues in the rabbit model. Method: The study was performed on 30 New Zealand adult male rabbits each weighing 2500-3500 g (average: 3000 g). The rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely, the control group (without septoplasty), the septoplasty + tampon group, the septoplasty + ABS group, and the septoplasty + tampon + ABS group. All animals were sacrificed after two weeks, and the nasal septums were total removed using the lateral rhinotomy technique. The specimens were obtained from similar sites of cartilaginous nasal septum. The sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Mason trichrome stains and studied under the light microscope by the same pathologist who evaluated the mucosal ulcerations, the severity of inflammatory cell infiltration, the mucosal thickness, and the cartilage thickness. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: No mucosal ulceration or inflammatory cell infiltration was detected in any of the rabbit groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of mucosal thickness and cartilage thickness (p 0.05). However, there was a significant increase in nasal mucosal and cartilage thickness in tampon-using groups when compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although nasal tampons provide the contact of mucoperichondrium with the cartilage, they are generally accepted as a discomfort for patients. Ankaferd blood stopper can be used instead of nasal tampons to increase patient comfort