3 research outputs found
Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Phytophthora infestans, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°
Oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary causing late blight of potato and tomato is one of the most dangerous plant pathogens. Late blight control and related yield losses cost billions of dollars. Economical importance of the late blight resulted in a great interest to its causative agent, which became the most studied plant pathogen in the world. Due to its comprehensive investigation, a great progress has been achieved in a crop protection, breeding of resistant cultivars, and reduction of storage losses. This review summarizes results of numerous studies of the dynamics and structure of P. infestans populations and makes a comparison between the pathogen populations of Russia and Western Europe characterized by an intensive potato production. Methods used for a comparative analysis of P. infestans strains and populations are also discussed. The review represents an expanded version of the review βPopulation biology of Phytophthora infestansΒ» published in 2007 in the scientific collection βMycology todayβ (Dyakov, Elansky, 2007). In the last 10 years, many new studies devoted to P. infestans were published. A complete genome of P. infestans has been investigated. Use of microsatellite markers made it possible to perform large-scale studies of pathogen populations in different parts of the world including Russia. The review was written by scientists having a large experience of work with P. infestans and covers contemporary knowledge on the population biology of this oomycete.ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary β Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΡΡΠ±Π° Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΊ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ°ΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π»Π°ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΠΎΠΌΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ P. infestans, ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Β«ΠΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Phytophthora infestansΒ», ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² 2007 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Β«ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΒ» (ΠΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, 2007). ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΈΠ΅ 10 Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π°. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ P. infestans. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, Π² Ρ.Ρ. ΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π°