LSCS notes audit in a tertiary referral centre of Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: Obstetrics is a very litigious branch as the nature of job is highly pressured and it deals with two lives a mother and baby/babies. There are situations where there are no mistakes but there is no ‘documentation’ of due to high turnover of labouring women which leads to difficulty in dealing with medico legal cases. It is due to this reasons we decided to do an audit of our Caesarean section operative notes.Methods: We planned to audit the quality of caesarean section documentation in a University teaching hospital of North India at Banaras Hindu University. The study involved 57 case notes from the first January 2015 to 24 February 2015. The proforma was filled by residents within 72 hours of the operative procedure.Results: Date of Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) was from 01.01.2015 to 24.02.2015 and total of 57 case notes were included in this study. Hospital number, date of LSCS and time of LSCS was written in the operative notes of all patients. Written consent was also taken from patient party in all cases of LSCS. There were 6 cases of General anaesthesia (GA) in which two GA were preceded by spinal which had failed. Hand writing was legible in all records and was written by second year residents and signed.Conclusions: The above audit done at University teaching hospital of North India at Banaras Hindu University which included 57 notes shows a very high quality of record maintenance. This audit was conducted while the Obstetric team was aware that audit of record keeping is taking place. It is difficult to ascertain whether such a high level of record maintenance is a true reflection or a Hawthorne effect.

Studies on Activation of Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) by Heterocyclic Compounds Having Azole Groups in Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek.

Heterocyclic compounds are known to activate the defense response or resistance in plants. In order to study their effect as activatorsof systemic acquired resistance (SAR), two series of heterocyclic compounds having azole group were used for the present study i.e.,substituted triazolothiadiazoles and thiazolidine thioureas to obtain new compounds with improved biological activities in mung beans(Vigna radiata (L.)Wilczek, is an important pulse crop of India. These compounds could be used as a solution to chemically mediateddisease control both at the farm level as well as chemical fungicides. For this polyphenol content, flavonoid content, PAL activity,peroxidase activity and protein content were determined in control and after chemical treatment in mung beans var. ‘RMG-344’. Theresults indicated significant changes and a distinct role of polyphenols, flavonoids, PAL, peroxidase and proteins in the defense responseof mung beans after treatment with these chemicals

A study to identify the practices of the buffalo keepers which inadvertently lead to the spread of brucellosis in Delhi

Abstract Background India has the largest Buffalo population in the world, with every household in rural India owning buffaloes depending upon daily milk requirement – dairy farmers can own between 10 to 70 buffaloes. The health of Indian buffaloes is of economic importance since India is one of the largest buffalo meat exporters in the world, and Indian Buffalo semen is sold in the USA for breeding purposes. However, National Control Program on brucellosis is only active in South India and in Panjab (a North Indian state with high human brucellosis incidence). Our aim was to assess the knowledge and practices of the buffalo keepers of Delhi that make them susceptible to brucellosis. Results Amongst all the 11 districts of Delhi, there was 0% awareness about brucellosis and also about the S19 vaccine as the buffalo keepers had never heard of S19 vaccine which is available at minimal cost from Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India. Majority of the respondents drink raw milk, sleep in cattle sheds, do not isolate sick cattle, do not test buffaloes blood for any disease before purchasing them, apply intrauterine medication with bare hands to buffalo after abortion of foetus, never clean their cattle sheds with a disinfectant and believe that they can only acquire skin infections from cattle. All of these habits make them prone to brucellosis. While about 20 to 27% of respondents reported a history of abortions and retained placenta, disposed of the placenta with bare hands, and applied raw milk on cracked lips. It was surprising to note that majority of them never reared small ruminants like sheep and goat with buffaloes or Bos species as they were aware of the rapid spread of disease from small to big ruminants. Conclusions We found that buffalo keepers were ignorant of brucellosis, its causative agent, relevant vaccines and that they also involved in high-risk activities. As such, our findings highlight a need for buffalo keepers to be better educated via several awareness camps to minimize human exposure to Brucella in Delhi