La régression logistique binaire

This note describes and illustrates the principles of binary logistic regression when predictors are continuous variables.Cette note décrit et illustre les principes de base de la régression logistique binaire lorsque les variables explicatives sont continues

Employment Testing and Incentives to Learn

Employment tests predict job performance because they measure or are correlated with a large set of malleable developed abilities which are causally related to productivity. Our economy currently under-rewards the achievements that are measured by these tests. Consequently, economic incentives to study hard in high school are minimal and this absence of incentives has contributed to the low levels of achievement in math and science. The paper concludes with a discussion of ways in which employment tests can strengthen incentives to learn

School performance of international adoptees better than expected from cognitive test results

Objective: To investigate school performance of international adoptees in relation to their cognitive competence. Method: From the population of all male Swedish residents born 1973–1976, registered in the census 1985 and with complete test scores from military conscription, the following study groups were identified: Korean adoptees (n = 320), non-Korean adoptees (n = 1,125), siblings (children born by adoptive parents, n = 190) and Swedish majority comparisons (n = 142,024). Global scores from intelligence tests at conscription were compared with grade points from the last compulsory school year (year 9). Linear and logistic regression was applied in statistical analyses. Results: The mean grade points in theoretical subjects were lower in non-Korean adoptees than in the majority population, but when global test scores from military conscription were adjusted for, outcomes were significantly better, equal for physics, than in the majority population. The grade points of Korean adoptees were higher than in the majority population and the same held true after adjusting for global test scores. When SES was taken into account, the risk of poor school performance (only completed lower subject levels) increased in non-Korean adoptees compared to models only adjusted for age and sex. Conclusion: Male international adoptees generally perform better in school than expected by their cognitive competence. A cognitive evaluation is important in the assessment of adoptees with learning difficulties

Épidémiologie des troubles du comportement chez les jeunes au début de l'adolescence

L'objectif de cette étude a été d'étudier (1) les qualités psychométriques du questionnaire Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) ; 2) la prévalence des troubles du comportement à partir des évaluations multi-informants et 3) le lien entre le statut de ménarche et les troubles dépressifs, évalués par le Children Depression Inventory (CDI, Kovacs, 1985), ainsi que ceux internalisés et externalisés. Pour ces objectifs quatre échantillons d'adolescents ont été constitués : un clinique, un épidémiologique, un autre constitué de l'ensemble des adolescents d'un collège et un dernier de collégiens scolarisés en classe de cinquième. Les qualités psychométriques et épidémiologiques du SDQ ont été étudiées et les résultats trouvés sont satisfaisants et en accord avec les études internationales antérieures (Goodman, 2001). La prévalence des troubles du comportement a été calculée en combinant les données des évaluations par les enseignants et les adolescents. Un taux d'environ 16% a été calculé, ce qui est en accord avec les méta-analyses sur les troubles du comportement. Enfin, un lien entre les troubles du comportement et le statut de ménarche a été mis en évidence : les jeunes filles ayant leurs règles seraient plus à risque pour les troubles dépressifs, internalisés et externalisés. Puis, l'effet conjoint du statut de ménarche et de la structure familiale a été testé. Un effet interactif est trouvé pour le score total au CDI alors que cet effet est additif sur le score total au SDQ adolescent. La combinaison entre le statut de ménarche et la structure familiale n'a pas le même impact selon les troubles mesurés par l'échelle.The goals of this study were to examine (1) the psychometric qualities of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ); (2) the prevalence of the behaviour disorders think to the multi-informants' evaluations and (3) the link between the menarcheal status and the depressive behaviour, evaluated by the Children Depression Inventory (CDI, Kovacs 1985), as well as the internalising and externalising behaviours. For these aims four samples of adolescents were constituted: one clinical, one epidemiological, another composed by all the adolescents of a school and the last composed of second-year schoolchildren. The psychometric as well as the epidemiological properties of the SDQ were studied and the results were satisfying and in agreement with the previous studies (Goodman, 2001). The prevalence of the behaviour disorders were calculated using the data of the teachers and adolescents. A prevalence rate of 16% was obtained, and this rate is in agreement with a meta-analysis on the behaviour disorders. Finally, a link was found between the behaviour disorders and the menarcheal status: the menarche girls scored higher than the others to the CDI and internalising and externalising disorders. Then, we have studied whether the family structure modified the statistical effect of the menarcheal status on score disorders. Depending on the type of disorder being assessed, the family structure and menarcheal status act differently: either additively on the SDQ adolescent questionnaire or interactively on the CDI.MONTPELLIER-BU Lettres (341722103) / SudocSudocFranceF