Effects of eye-movement desensitization versus no treatment on repeated measures of fear of spiders

Multiple measures of fear of spiders were acquired during in vivo tests once before and several times after 7 subjects were exposed to an experimental rendition of eye-movement desensitization. The pre- and posttreatment measures were compared with corresponding measures acquired from 7 other subjects once before and several times after a concurrent no-treatment interval. There was no evidence from the in vivo tests that eye-movement desensitization affected fear of spiders

Heavy drinking among college students is influenced by anxiety sensitivity, gender, and contexts for alcohol use

In order to quantify relationships between anxiety sensitivity and situational antecedents to heavy alcohol consumption, 245 university student drinkers completed the anxiety sensitivity index-revised (ASI-R) and the inventory of drinking situations (IDS-42). The observed correlations indicated that anxiety sensitivity is related to negatively reinforced drinking, positively reinforced drinking, and temptation-motivated drinking. However, anxiety sensitivity is most clearly implicated as a factor in negatively reinforced drinking, i.e., drinking followed by \u27tension reduction.\u27 Additionally, the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and negatively reinforced drinking is stronger among males than among females. The results point to anxiety sensitivity and gender as interacting individual difference variables that influence incidence of negatively reinforced heavy drinking among college students. © 2002 Elsevier Science Inc