Retrospective analysis of ocular disorders and frequency of cesarean sections for ocular indications in 2000-2008 – our own experience

Summary 1. Evaluation of frequency of cesarean sections for ocular indications. 2. Analysis of ophthalmological disorders as indications for cesarean section. Material and methods: 4895 cesarean sections were performed (100 due to ocular indications) in the Department of Obstetrics, Female Pathology and Oncological Gynecology, between 2000 and 2008. Medical documentation was analyzed. Results: Among 4895 patients undergoing cesarean sections, 100 (2.04%) presented a written certification from an ophthalmologist suggesting this way of delivery. The frequency of c-sections due to ocular indications continued to increase between 2000-2005 and has been in decline since 2006. The most common ophthalmological disorders included myopia (57%), retinopathy (20%), glaucoma (5%), imminent retinal detachment (4%) and past retinal detachment (3%). In 45% of patients an eye pathology was the only reason for a cesarean section. Conclusion: 1. The frequency of cesarean sections due to ocular reasons in our material was 0.7%- 3.44%, average 2.04%. 2. Since 2006 the number of ocular indications for cesarean section has been decreasing. Nevertheless, it remains to be twice as high as in 2000. 3. The most common eye disorders leading to cesarean section were myopia and retinopathy. 4. In almost half of the patients the decision to conduct a cesarean section was based solely on ophthalmological indications

Uptake and transport of nutrients and transverse cracking of bean cotyledons

Calcium, Potassium and Magnesium in cotyledon cell walls were negatively correlated with cultivar susceptibility to transverse cracking of cotyledons (TVC). Plant feeding with calcium only slightly changed the percentage of TVC, and Ca, K and Mg contents in the cotyledon cell walls. Susceptibility to TVC was connected with the causes inherent in the root or shoot. Some disturbances in the displacement of Ca and K through the peduncles and K through the petioles in susceptible cultivars were noticed. These cultivars also immobilized a large quantity of Mg in sterns, and in this connection they actually had less Mg in the fruit walls, seeds, stems and blades than resistant cultivars