24 research outputs found
“随时随递”智能驿站机器人
Due to the improvement of the national economy and the continuous development of e-commerce, the scale of online shopping continues to expand. However, existing express delivery stations generally have management problems and cannot be open all day, which increases the management difficulty and cost of the enterprise and provides users with convenience. cause inconvenience. This work designs an efficient cooperation system consisting of a post robot, a gantry robot and an app management terminal. It uses digital twin technology to read the robot's motion parameters and working status, and creates an intelligent control system with strong endurance performance, obstacle surmounting capabilities, and information collection capabilities, carry out scientific scheduling, adapt to various scenarios in logistics operations, and create highly practical smart stations to empower the transportation service industry
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Why surface hydrophobicity promotes CO2 electroreduction: a case study of hydrophobic polymer N-heterocyclic carbenes
We report the use of polymer N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) to control the microenvironment surrounding metal nanocatalysts, thereby enhancing their catalytic performance in CO2 electroreduction. Three polymer NHC ligands were designed with different hydrophobicity: hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO–NHC), hydrophobic polystyrene (PS–NHC), and amphiphilic block copolymer (BCP) (PEO-b-PS–NHC). All three polymer NHCs exhibited enhanced reactivity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) during CO2 electroreduction by suppressing proton reduction. Notably, the incorporation of hydrophobic PS segments in both PS–NHC and PEO-b-PS–NHC led to a twofold increase in the partial current density for CO formation, as compared to the hydrophilic PEO–NHC. While polymer ligands did not hinder ion diffusion, their hydrophobicity altered the localized hydrogen bonding structures of water. This was confirmed experimentally and theoretically through attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation, demonstrating improved CO2 diffusion and subsequent reduction in the presence of hydrophobic polymers. Furthermore, NHCs exhibited reasonable stability under reductive conditions, preserving the structural integrity of AuNPs, unlike thiol-ended polymers. The combination of NHC binding motifs with hydrophobic polymers provides valuable insights into controlling the microenvironment of metal nanocatalysts, offering a bioinspired strategy for the design of artificial metalloenzymes
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Non-invasive bladder volume sensing via FMCW radar: Feasibility demonstration in simulated and ex-vivo bladder models
This paper presents a proof of concept for noncontact and noninvasive bladder volume sensing in patients suffering from Neurological Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction (NLUTD) caused by spinal cord injuries. The study investigates the feasibility of utilizing Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar as the underlying sensing modality. An algorithm for spectral data analysis is proposed to map radar measurements to bladder volume and is evaluated through MATLAB simulations. Additionally, time domain simulations of a tissue model are conducted to further assess the proposed spectral data analysis algorithm and demonstrate the feasibility of the sensing modality. The effectiveness of the sensing modality is demonstrated through a proof-of-concept measurement setup using an ex-vivo porcine bladder model, which is incrementally filled with saline solution in 200 ml portions. The results of the proposed spectral data analysis on the measured reflected waveforms reveal a strong correlation between the shift in peak frequency and the bladder volume in the model. These findings provide evidence supporting the potential of FMCW radar as a reliable and noninvasive method for continuous bladder volume monitoring
Optimization of ultrasound-assisted cellulase degradation method on the extraction of mulberry leaf protein and its effect on the functional characteristics
The mulberry leaf protein extracted by ultrasound-assisted cellulase degradation (UACD) method was optimized with the protein dissolution amount (PDA) as the index. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy of extracted mulberry leaf protein were measured. The functional characteristics of protein extracted by the UACD method were evaluated. Results showed that the extraction condition was optimized and adjusted to the following parameters: pH value of 7.20, ultrasound temperature of 35.00 °C, enzyme dosage of 4.20% and ultrasound time of 10.00 min. Under these optimized conditions, the experimental verification value of PDA was 13.87 mg/mL, which was approaching to the predicted value of 13.54 mg/mL. The analysis results of FTIR showed that after extraction by the UACD method, the mulberry leaf protein with the vibrational peak of ester carbonyl (C = O) absorption peak (1734.66 cm−1) disappeared. The α-helix content of protein extracted by the UACD decreased by 8.13%, and the β-turn and random coil content of protein increased by 20.22% and 18.79%, respectively, compared to that of the blank. The microstructure of mulberry leaf protein showed that the UACD method could break the dense structure of protein raw materials, reduce the average size of proteins and increase the specific surface area and roughness of proteins. According to the results of functional characteristics, the mulberry leaf protein extracted by the UACD method presented the highest enzymolysis properties and solubility, which was beneficial for the application in the food industry. In conclusion, the UACD method was a very effective way to extract protein from mulberry leaf
Anti-tumor activity of nanomicelles encapsulating CXCR4 peptide antagonist E5
<div><p>Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, and metastasis is the main attribute to cancer death. CXCR4 and its natural ligand CXCL12 have been known to play a critical role in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and metastasis. Therefore, designing a new CXCR4 antagonist to prevent tumor metastasis will be of great significance. Herein, a novel chemically synthesized peptide (E5) that has an ability to target CXCR4/CXCL12 axis was loaded in micelle glycol-phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-PE) block copolymer to form micelle-encapsulated E5 (M-E5). We demonstrated that M-E5 exhibited higher affinity for CXCR4-overexpressing MCF-7 and HepG2 tumor cells as compared to free E5, and efficiently inhibited the tumor cells migration. Mechanistic studies implied that PEG-PE micelle can encapsulate E5 and improve E5 targeting efficiency for CXCR4 by accumulating E5 on the tumor cell membrane. Furthermore, through encapsulation of chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (Dox) in PEG-PE micelle, we proved that PEG-PE micelle could serve as a co-carrier for both E5 and Dox (M-E5-Dox). M-E5 enhanced the efficiency of Dox by down-regulating the phosphorylation level of Akt, Erk and p38/MAPK proteins. In conclusion, PEG-PE micelle demonstrated a promising delivery system for E5, and M-E5 is expected to be a potential therapeutic agent that will help to improve the clinical benefits in current therapies used for solid tumors.</p></div
Tetraphenylethene Cross-Linked Thermosensitive Microgels via Acylhydrazone Bonds: Aggregation-Induced Emission in Nanoconfined Environments and the Cononsolvency Effect
We studied the aggregation-induced
emission (AIE) phenomenon in a nanoconfined environment, where the
AIE-active molecule, namely, 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-methanoylphenyl)ethane
(TPE-4ALD), was held in space via four acylhydrazone bonds within
the thermosensitive microgel networks. The thermosensitive microgels,
namely N-AH-TPE, were synthesized via the copolymerization of <i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and 4-acylhydrazine-(2-hydroxy-3-(methacryloxypropyl)pyridine
hydrochloride (AH monomer) with TPE-4ALD as cross-linker via surfactant
free emulsion polymerization (SFEP) in aqueous solution at 70 °C.
Acylhydrazone-bonded tetraphenylethene (TPE-4AH) moieties were thus
constructed and worked as the fluorophore in N-AH-TPE microgels. The
aqueous suspensions of N-AH-TPE microgels exhibit strongly bluish-green
fluorescence under ultraviolet excitation because the four arms of
TPE-4AH moieties were held and their intramolecular motions are strongly
restricted. It is estimated that there is one TPE-4AH moiety per about
394 nm<sup>3</sup> for the swollen N-AH-TPE microgels. The fluorescent
properties of N-AH-TPE microgels can be modulated via the change of
hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments of TPE-4AH moieties exerted
by external stimuli, like addition of various good solvents for TPE-based
structures, i.e., <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylformamide
(DMF), methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), varying the solution
temperature as well as the counteranions of the microgels. An unusual
enhancement in the fluorescent intensity is observed when specific
amounts of organic solvent are added into the aqueous suspensions
of N-AH-TPE microgels, which can be attributed to the cononsolvency
of the polyNIPAM network chains. The shrinkage of N-AH-TPE microgels
caused by the cononsolvency effect further strengthens the confinement
of TPE-4AH moieties and hence enhances the fluorescent emission of
the microgels even though the organic solvents added are good solvents
for TPE-4AH. Increasing the solution temperature of N-AH-TPE microgels
or introducing hydrophobic counteranions into the microgels also significantly
enhances the fluorescent emission of the microgels
Effects of E5, M-E5 and AMD3100 on tumor cells migration.
<p><b>(a</b>) mRNA expression level of EMT markers of MCF-7 and HepG2 tumor cells, measured by RT-PCR, after treatment with E5 (5 μM) in the absence and presence of PEG-PE micelles (20 μM). (<b>b</b>) Effects of E5 and M-E5 on CXCL12-induced phosphorylation level of Akt, p38 and Erk proteins of MCF-7, HepG2 and SKBR-3 tumor cells. <i>Lane 1</i>: control, <i>Lane 2</i>: CXCL12 treatment for 30 minutes at 200 ng/mL, <i>Lane 3</i>: treated with E5 at 5 μM for 1 h followed by CXCL12 treatment for 30 minutes at 200 ng/mL, <i>Lane 4</i>: treated with M-E5 (E5: 5 μM, PEG-PE: 20 μM) for 1 h followed by CXCL12 treatment for 30 minutes at 200 ng/mL. (<b>c</b>) Effects of E5, M-E5, and AMD3100 on CXCL12-induced migration of MCF-7, HepG2 and SKBR-3 tumor cells using transwell assays. Data are presented as mean ± SD (<i>n</i> = 3). The * represents significant difference between two groups (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).</p
Schematic illustration of the interactions of “E5 + Dox” and “M-E5-Dox” with the tumor cell membranes.
<p>Schematic illustration of the interactions of “E5 + Dox” and “M-E5-Dox” with the tumor cell membranes.</p
<i>In vitro</i> cytotoxicity assays of tumor cells.
<p>Effects of Dox (2 μM), M-Dox (Dox: 2 μM, PEG-PE: 20 μM) and M-E5-Dox (Dox: 2 μM, PEG-PE: 20 μM, and E5: 5 μM) on caspase-3 activities of <b>(a</b>) MCF-7 and (<b>b</b>) HepG2 tumor cells after 24 h treatment at 37°C. Cell viabilities of (<b>c</b>) MCF-7 and (<b>d</b>) HepG2 tumor cells, assessed by MTS, after incubation with free Dox, M-Dox, AMD3100 + Dox, E5 + Dox, and M-E5-Dox for 48 h at 37°C. Data are presented as mean ± SD (<i>n</i> = 3). The * represents significant difference between two groups (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).</p