First look at data from the 13-antenna setup of GRANDProto300 in northwest China

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) is an envisioned observatory of ultra-high-energy neutrinos, cosmic rays, and gamma rays, with energies above 100 PeV. GRAND targets the radio signals emitted by extensive air showers induced by the interaction of ultra-high-energy particles in the atmosphere, using an array of 200,000 radio antennas split into sub-arrays deployed worldwide. GRANDProto13 (GP13) is a 13-antenna demonstrator array deployed in February 2023 in the Gansu province of China, as a precursor for GRANDProto300, which will validate the detection principle of the GRAND experiment. Its goal is to measure the radio background present at the site, validate the design of the detection units and develop an autonomous radio trigger for air showers. We will describe GP13 and its operation, and show preliminary results on noise monitoring.Comment: Proceedings of the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023

Phylogeny and Androecial Evolution in Schisandraceae, Inferred from Sequences of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA its and Chloroplast DNA \u3ci\u3etrn\u3c/i\u3eL-F Regions

Sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS and chloroplast trnL‐F regions were used to construct a phylogeny of Schisandraceae. The results show that there are two major clades in Schisandraceae. One is composed entirely of Schisandra species; the other contains a mixture of Schisandra and Kadsura species. Molecular data place Smith’s sect. Sphaerostema of Schisandra prominently within Kadsura, and thus neither Schisandra nor Kadsura is monophyletic, refuting the traditional division of the family into two genera based on morphological characters of mature fruits. The sister relationship between S. glabra (North America) and S. bicolor (China) and the monophyly of sect. Sphaerostema and sect. Kadsura are strongly supported. The trnL‐F and combined data sets yield phylogenetic trees that are well resolved and concordant with androecial types of staminate flowers; however, they do not support the evolutionary pathways for androecia constructed by previous authors for Kadsura and Schisandra. The new alignment of species in Schisandraceae indicates that morphological characters traditionally used to construct phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary pathways, e.g., habit (deciduous vs. evergreen or semievergreen), fruit type (bacceta vs. separated apocarps), arrangement of flowers (solitary vs. paired or in glomerules), and pollen (3‐colpate vs. 6‐colpate), evolved more than once in the family. Preliminary observations suggest that the pentagonal androecium and gynoecium of S. glabra are thermogenic and that heat may play a role in the reproductive biology of S. glabra to enhance floral odor or simulate the temperature of brood sites for many types of insects

Unique allosteric effect driven rapid adsorption of carbon dioxide on a new ionogel [P4444][2-Op]@MCM-41 with excellent cyclic stability and loading-dependent capacity

Allosteric effect-driven rapid stepwise CO2 adsorption of pyridine-containing anion functionalized ionic liquid [P4444][2-Op] confined into mesoporous silica MCM-41.</p

Electrochemical activity and stability of core–shell Fe2O3/Pt nanoparticles for methanol oxidation

AbstractCore–shell Fe2O3/Pt nanoparticles with amorphous iron oxide cores are successfully synthesized by a two-step chemical reduction strategy. The Pt loading can be adjusted using this preparation technique to obtain a series of chemical compositions with varying amounts of Pt precursors. The morphology, structure, and composition of the as-prepared nanoparticles are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrocatalytic characteristics are systematically investigated by electrochemical techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Compared with the E-TEK 40 wt% Pt/C catalyst, the as-made Fe2O3/Pt nanoparticles exhibit superior catalytic activity with lower peak potential and enhanced CO2 selectivity toward methanol electrooxidation in acidic medium. The highest activity is achieved by core–shell Fe2O3/Pt nanoparticles with a Fe/Pt atomic ratio of 2:1 (A g−1 of Pt) or 3:1 (mA cm−2). These nanomaterials also show much higher structural stability and tolerance to the intermediates of methanol oxidation. Methanol electrooxidation reactions with higher performance can be achieved using core–shell nanoparticles with an amorphous iron oxide core and minimum Pt loading

Association of Intraoperative Hypotension with Acute Kidney Injury after Noncardiac Surgery in Patients Younger than 60 Years Old

Background/Aims: Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) may be associated with surgery-related acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the duration of hypotension that triggers AKI is poorly understood. The incidence of AKI with various durations of IOH and mean arterial pressures (MAPs) was investigated. Materials: A retrospective cohort study of 4,952 patients undergoing noncardiac surgery (2011 to 2016) with MAP monitoring and a length of stay of one or more days was performed. The exclusion criteria were a preoperative estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) ≤60 mL min–1 1.73 m2–1, a preoperative MAP less than 65 mm Hg, dialysis dependence, urologic surgery, age older than 60 years, and a surgical duration of less than 60 min. The primary exposure was IOH, and the primary outcome was AKI (50% or 0.3 mg dL–1 increase in creatinine) during the first 7 postoperative days. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model the exposure-outcome relationship. Results: AKI occurred in 186 (3.76%) noncardiac surgery patients. The adjusted odds ratio for surgery-related AKI for a MAP of less than 55 mm Hg was 14.11 (95% confidence interval: 5.02–39.69) for an exposure of more than 20 min. Age was not an interaction factor between AKI and IOH. Conclusion: There was a considerably increased risk of postoperative AKI when intraoperative MAP was less than 55 mm Hg for more than 10 min. Strict blood pressure management is recommended even for patients younger than 60 years old

Decreased Expression of Programmed Death Ligand-L1 by Seven in Absentia Homolog 2 in Cholangiocarcinoma Enhances T-Cell–Mediated Antitumor Activity

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been reported as an important mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a primary immune inhibitory molecule expressed on tumor cells that promotes immune evasion. In addition, seven in absentia homolog 2 (Siah2), a RING E3 ubiquitin ligase, has been involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the role of m6A-METTL14-Siah2-PD-L1 axis in immunotherapy remains to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that METTL14, a component of the m6A methyltransferase complex, induced Siah2 expression in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). METTL14 was shown to enrich m6A modifications in the 3’UTR region of the Siah2 mRNA, thereby promoting its degradation in an YTHDF2-dependent manner. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that Siah2 interacted with PD-L1 by promoting its K63-linked ubiquitination. We also observed that in vitro and in vivo Siah2 knockdown inhibited T cells expansion and cytotoxicity by sustaining tumor cell PD-L1 expression. The METTL14-Siah2-PD-L1–regulating axis was further confirmed in human CCA specimens. Analysis of specimens from patients receiving anti-PD1 immunotherapy suggested that tumors with low Siah2 levels were more sensitive to anti-PD1 immunotherapy. Taken together, our results evidenced a new regulatory mechanism of Siah2 by METTL14-induced mRNA epigenetic modification and the potential role of Siah2 in cancer immunotherapy