Ocena jakości życia oraz stanu funkcjonalnego chorych na stwardnienie rozsiane

Wstęp: Stwardnienie rozsiane jest przewlekłą chorobą demielinizacyjną ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Na stan funkcjonalny i psychiczny chorego wpływają takie czynniki jak: postać stwardnienia rozsianego, czas od diagnozy, wsparcie ze strony rodziny oraz wiele innych indywidualnych cech. Postępujący i długotrwały charakter choroby prowadzi z czasem do obniżenia jakości życia pacjentów oraz stopniowego pogarszania się ich stanu funkcjonalnego. Cel pracy: Ocena jakości życia pacjentów ze stwardnieniem rozsianym oraz określenie zależności pomiędzy jakością życia a: postacią stwardnienia rozsianego, czasem trwania choroby oraz sprawnością funkcjonalną, a także porównanie kwestionariuszy do oceny jakości życia u chorych na stwardnienie rozsiane. Materiał i metody: W badaniu wzięło udział 35 pacjentów z potwierdzoną diagnozą stwardnienia rozsianego. Jakość życia oceniana była za pomocą kwestionariusza SF-36 oraz MSIS-29. Oceniano także sprawność funkcjonalną pacjentów testem Timed Up&Go, na skali DeSouza oraz na 4-etapowej skali równowagi. Wyniki: Średnie wyniki wszystkich podskal kwestionariusza SF-36 w badanej grupie osiągnęły wartości poniżej normy. Odnotowano silne dodatnie korelacje pomiędzy wynikami Physical Functioning (Aktywność fizyczna i jej ograniczenia spowodowane stanem zdrowia), Role Physical (Ograniczenia w pełnieniu ról społecznych z powodu problemów w funkcjonowaniu fizycznym) i Physical Summary Component (PSC), a rezultatami 4-etapowej skali równowagi oraz skali De Souza, a także silną ujemną korelację pomiędzy PF, RP PSC, a wynikami testu Timed Up&Go. Wraz z wydłużaniem się czasu trwania choroby znamiennie obniżały się wyniki na podskalach PF oraz PSC. Wnioski: 1. Dłuższy czas trwania choroby oraz gorsza sprawność funkcjonalna, wpływa na obniżenie poziomu jakości życia pacjentów ze stwardnieniem rozsianym. Należy spodziewać się, że ta grupa docelowa wymagała będzie szczególnego wsparcia ze strony formalnych i nieformalnych opiekunów oraz instytucji opieki zdrowotnej. 2. Silna korelacja pomiędzy wynikami uzyskanymi u chorych na stwardnienie rozsiane w kwestionariuszu SF-36 oraz MSIS-29, sugeruje, że stosowanie ich zamiennie do oceny niektórych obszarów jakości życia może być uzasadnione.Background: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The patient’s state is determined by factors such as the type of MS, the time since diagnosis, family support and many other individual characteristics. The prolonged and progressive nature of the disease leads to a decrease in the quality of life and the gradual deterioration of a patient’s functional state. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis and to determine the relationship between the quality of life and the disease duration, the type of MS and the functional state. The second goal was to compare the questionnaires in order to assess the quality of life in patients with MS. Material and methods: The study involved 35 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 and MSIS-29 questionnaires. To assess the patients' functional state the Timed Up & Go test, De Souza scale and a 4-test balance scale were used. Results: The mean scores of all subscales of the SF-36 were below the norm in the study group. There was a strong positive correlation between the results of Physical Functioning (PF), Role Physical (RP) and Physical Summary Component (PSC) and the results of the four-step balance scale and the De Souza scale, as well as a strong negative correlation between the PF, RP, PSC and the Timed Up & Go results. The longer the duration of the disease was, the lower the scores assessed on the PF and PSC subscales were. Conclusion: 1. A longer duration of the disease and a worse functional state, lowers the quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis. It seems that this group of patients requires more support from formal and informal caregivers and institutions within the health care system. 2. A significant correlation between the results obtained in patients with MS in the SF-36 and MSIS-29 questionnaires, suggests that using them alternatively in the assessment of some areas of the quality of life may be justified

Thermal Behaviour of Light Lanthanide(III) Complexes with 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic Acid

The lanthanide(III) complexes with 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylate ligand (PDC) were obtained as crystalline compounds from the water solutions. These compounds form the series of Ln2(PDC)3 · nH2O. All compounds are stable in air and insoluble in both water and common organic solvents. The hydrated complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis (TG/DSC/DTA, and TG−FT-IR), FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylates of lanthanides(III) are stable in air below 313−323 K. Upon heating, hydrated complexes lose crystallization and lattice water in two steps. The values of dehydration enthalpy complexes are calculated from the DSC curves. The anhydrous compounds are stable at the temperature from 473 K to about 623 K and when heated they decompose to lanthanide oxides. Thermal and spectroscopic studies are essential for further studies and classification of compounds as MOF-like structures

Basic Aspects of the Diagnosis of a Child with Language Disorders

It takes time to diagnose a child with DLD, is an interdisciplinary process. This especially refers to the differentiation between speech delay and impaired language development. Due to the multiplicity of diagnostic terms a functional diagnosis is important. Nominal (classifying) diagnosis should provide grounds for covering the child with formal therapeutic and educational care. From the point of view of diagnostic practice, it is important to develop the principles of cooperation of specialists involved in the diagnosis.Diagnozowanie dziecka z DLD wymaga czasu, stanowi proces i ma charakter interdyscyplinarny. Szczególnie dotyczy to różnicowania między opóźnieniem a zaburzeniem rozwoju mowy i języka. Z uwagi na wielość terminów diagnostycznych istotna jest diagnoza funkcjonalna. Diagnoza nominalna (klasyfikująca) powinna dać podstawy do objęcia dziecka formalną opieką terapeutyczną i edukacyjną. Z punktu widzenia praktyki diagnostycznej istotne jest opracowanie zasad współpracy specjalistów zaangażowanych w diagnozę

The role of fused thiophene and naphthalene diimide (NDI) in shaping the optical and electrical properties of donor-acceptor polymers

Three polymers with general structure (D-A)n were designed and synthetized to investigate the interaction of strong donors and strong acceptors in polymer chain. They are based on different fused thiophenes (1Th: 4,4′-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-cyclopenta [2,1-b:3,4- ’]dithiophene; 2Th: 4,8-bis [(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo [1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene; 3Th: 4,8-bis(4-fluoro-5-(2-ethylhexyl)-thiophen-2-yl)benzo [1,2-b:4,5-b']bisthiophene) and N,N′-bis(2-thylhexyl)-1,8:4,5-naphthalenetetracarboxdiimide (NDI). Fused benzo- and cyclopenta-thiophene derivatives were selected because they are known for their strong electron-donating properties. NDI was coupled with them in polymer chain because it is one of the best known electron withdrawing units. Such combination of donor and acceptor units is one of the strategies for obtaining low band gap conjugated polymers with semiconducting properties for many applications. The interaction of donors and acceptors is a key factor determining the properties of such polymers. The electrochemical and spectroscopic measurement were supported by DFT calculations. Moreover, organic field effect transistors (OFET) were fabricated to demonstrate the feasibility of using the newly developed materials in electronic devices

Insights into the Transposable Mobilome of Paracoccus spp. (Alphaproteobacteria)

Several trap plasmids (enabling positive selection of transposition events) were used to identify a pool of functional transposable elements (TEs) residing in bacteria of the genus Paracoccus (Alphaproteobacteria). Complex analysis of 25 strains representing 20 species of this genus led to the capture and characterization of (i) 37 insertion sequences (ISs) representing 9 IS families (IS3, IS5, IS6, IS21, IS66, IS256, IS1182, IS1380 and IS1634), (ii) a composite transposon Tn6097 generated by two copies of the ISPfe2 (IS1634 family) containing two predicted genetic modules, involved in the arginine deiminase pathway and daunorubicin/doxorubicin resistance, (iii) 3 non-composite transposons of the Tn3 family, including Tn5393 carrying streptomycin resistance and (iv) a transposable genomic island TnPpa1 (45 kb). Some of the elements (e.g. Tn5393, Tn6097 and ISs of the IS903 group of the IS5 family) were shown to contain strong promoters able to drive transcription of genes placed downstream of the target site of transposition. Through the application of trap plasmid pCM132TC, containing a promoterless tetracycline resistance reporter gene, we identified five ways in which transposition can supply promoters to transcriptionally silent genes. Besides highlighting the diversity and specific features of several TEs, the analyses performed in this study have provided novel and interesting information on (i) the dynamics of the process of transposition (e.g. the unusually high frequency of transposition of TnPpa1) and (ii) structural changes in DNA mediated by transposition (e.g. the generation of large deletions in the recipient molecule upon transposition of ISPve1 of the IS21 family). We also demonstrated the great potential of TEs and transposition in the generation of diverse phenotypes as well as in the natural amplification and dissemination of genetic information (of adaptative value) by horizontal gene transfer, which is considered the driving force of bacterial evolution

Glocality in the global web. Analysis of the phenomenon of web national identity on the example of RuNet

The aim of the text is to use the concept of glocality (Robertson) to discuss the specific character of RuNet, the Russian-language Internet, the limits of which are not based on geographical boundaries but language. The emergence of RuNet, both at the level of nomenclature and at the level of giving it peculiar characteristics that distinguish it from the rest of the web resources, is related to the initial lack of compatibility of the Cyrillic and Latin Internet. On the one hand, due to the emergence of a separate Russian-language space on the web, the native search engines (such as Яндекс), blogging platforms or social networking sites (ВКонтакте) preferred by the Russians occupy several or sometimes even a dozen or so percent of the world market. This is an obvious phenomenon as the portals of a group of German-speaking, French-speaking, Latin American countries and China do not achieve such results. On the other hand, the difference in notation has favoured self-isolation of RuNet, which, by its distinctiveness, has become a part of the web isolated on a global scale. Oneof the most significant indicators of RuNet’s glocality is its functioning in the field of neo-imperial ideas. The notion which is visible on every level of the decentralized message that Russia is once again becoming an empire is a constantly recurring chorus of Internet divagations. The glocality of the Russian-speaking Internet does not constitute the plain total sum of pre-national and postnational elements, but the ratio of these two systems, a peculiar, original version of the “third way.” The summing up of the article will be an attempt at answering the question where this way will lead RuNet

Impact of rehabilitation on quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Cel pracy: Celem niniejszej pracy było określenie wpływu kompleksowej rehabilitacji na jakość życia pacjentów ze stwardnieniem rozsianym. Materiał i metody: W badaniu wzięło udział 40 pacjentów z potwierdzoną diagnozą SM, uczestniczących w cyklu kompleksowej rehabilitacji średnio przez okres 4 tygodni. Jakość życia oceniana była dwukrotnie, przed i po terapii, za pomocą kwestionariusza SF-36 oraz MSIS-29. Do oceny zmian w stanie funkcjonalnym pacjentów użyto testu Timed Up&Go, 4-etapowej skali równowagi oraz skali De Souza. Wyniki: W przypadku wyników kwestionariuszy subiektywnej oceny jakości życia uzyskano istotną poprawę w częściach dotyczących aspektu fizycznego jakości życia (MSIS-29 PHYS p<0,05). Wyniki wszystkich testów funkcjonalnych również uległy wyraźnej poprawie (p<0,05). Odnotowano istotne dodatnie korelacje pomiędzy wynikami MSIS-29 PHYS a rezultatami 4-etapowej skali równowagi oraz skali De Souza, a także ujemną korelację pomiędzy MSIS-29 PHYS a wynikami testu Timed Up&Go. Wnioski: Wyniki badań własnych pokazują, że kompleksowa rehabilitacja wydaje się mieć pozytywny wpływ na jakość życia osób ze stwardnieniem rozsianym, a także na poprawę ich sprawności fizycznej.Purpose: The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of comprehensive rehabilitation on quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis. Material and mathods: The study involved 40 patients with clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, participating in a series of comprehensive rehabilitation for an average of four weeks. Quality of life was assessed twice, before and after the treatment, using the SF-36 and MSIS-29. To assess changes in patients' functional state Timed Up & Go test, 4-test balance scale and De Souza scale were used. Results: The results of the subjective assessment of quality of life questionnaires, have shown a significant improvement in the parts on the physical aspect of quality of life (MSIS-29 PHYS p <0.05). The results of functional tests also have shown significant improvement (p<.05). Result of Timed Up&Go test correlated negatively with the part of physical aspect of MSIS-29. Additionally, results of 4-test balance scale and De Souza scale correlated significantly positively with MSIS-29 physical dimension. Conclusion: This results suggests that a comprehensive rehabilitation seems to have a positive impact on the quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis, as well as improve their physical fitness