PROCESS OF DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CHILDREN FROM SPECIAL INSTITUTE IN DEMIR KAPIJA

This paper is a review of the project/processof deinstitutionalization of children fromSpecial institute in Demir Kapija. It is anempiric and longitudinal study of developmentalachievements of children with severemental retardation. We present ourown experiences, without making comparisonwith other experiences in this process.For the last three and a half years, 50 childrenhave been included in the project: 30of them left the institution and now theystay with their families or foster families.The precondition for leaving the institutionis the change of the children’s condition inregard with abilities for independence, obtainingnew habits and experiences

Psychological Patient Reactions after Septorhinoplasty - Our Personal View

AIM: The aim of our study is to observe adequate and inadequate psychological reactions in patients who are candidates for septorhinoplasty, before and after surgery and to create an adequate psychological model of a person suitable for septorhinoplasty in this group of patients.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, 140 patients with nasal septal deviation (deviatio septi nasi), alone or together with other nasal deformities, were observed in the period of 4 years (2011-2015 year). Our patients were psychologically observed using two standard psychological tests: Patients selection for septorhinoplasty and their psychological abilities (“Self-body image†questionnaire) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) test.RESULTS: Most of the patients 43 (39.8%), thought that after rhinoseptoplasty their self-confidence arise, 32 (29.63%) expected changing's in their life's, few of them 9 (8, 3%) thought that the environment will act different with them. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in women group was shown that most of the women patients presented symptoms of somatisation; 23 (23.33%) and 15 (25%) one year after surgery.CONCLUSIONS: The patients made a sound decision for intervention, which was useful for the surgeon too, because it helped them choose an adequate operative technique and especially helped them in the postoperative period

AUTISM AND TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS

Autism is a frequent manifestation of tuberous sclerosis being reported in up to 60% of the patients. Tuberous sclerosis is developmental disorder of neurogenesis and neuronal migration. Symptoms of CNS involvement are prominent. Brain abnormalities underlying this neurological and behavioral phenotype include areas of focal cortical dysplasia, subependymal nodules, and cortical and subcortical tubers. The authors show case of tuberous sclerosis in 4 and half age girl where next symptoms dominate: epilepsy in early childhood, severe mental retardation and autistic behavior. The diagnostic of the problem is made with clinical-psychological examination (EEG and CT). The authors suggest that early diagnosis of autistic behavior in tuberous sclerosis is very important for making in time adequate program for educative-behavioral and general reeducative activities and for consultation the parents

DEVELOPMENTAL DISHARMONY OF PSYCHOTIC TYPE OVERVIEW FROM A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT

Based on a case from the clinical praxis, the authors, adopting a neuropsy­ho­logical attitude, study and define the developmental disharmony of a psychotic type. They consider that the developmental disharmony of a psychotic type represents a global and profound destruction of structures and functions (motors, speech, emotions, cognition, socialization). The foundation thesis is that in basic of the disharmony developmental structure of the child. A “psychotic nucleus” is being created rather early in the age of Child’s development, with under pressure of the no favorable environmental factors leads to psychotic manifestation of the personality. The developmental disharmony of a psychotic type could have a various outcome. The child could manifest a progressive intellectual deterioration, to evolve in a direction of schizophrenic psychoses, to structure itself as a “Borderline” personality, while very rarely a relative normalization of the personality could occur. The authors promote the significance of early detection, qualitative diagnostics and adequate treatment by well educated and polyvalent, multidisciplinary expert team

DISORDERED ATTENTION AS NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL COGNITIVE DISFUNCTION

The authors are using the neuropsychological method. On the base of their theoretical and practical experiences they come to certain considered that brain is reacting as a functional unity, same in the pathological like in the normal conditions. In this context, attention disorder is followed parallel by motorcar disorder and disorders in emotions, remembering, thinking, intelligence, perceptions, cognition’s, socialization, that means functioning of whole personality.For securing a good selective attention, authors suggest that is important to have a mature and integrity cerebral and neurotransmitter system which is respec­tive for the age of the child