16 research outputs found
The importance of molecular diagnosis in severe sepsis determined by Neisseria meningitidis in the intensive care unit
Short-term evaluation of immediately-treated patients with acute HIV infection, recently diagnosed in the National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Prof. Dr. Matei Balş", Bucharest, Romania
Clinical utility of the GeneXpert assay for the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infections
Emergence of Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, a Public Health Threat: a Romanian Infectious Disease Hospital Based Study / Emergenţa Enterobacteriaceaelor producătoare de carbapenemaze, o ameninţare pentru sănătatea publică: un studiu realizat într-un spital romanesc de boli infectioase
Introducere: Infecţiile produse de Enterobacteriaceae producătoare de carbapenemaze sunt tot mai frecvent întâlnite în practica medicală şi limitează serios antibioticoterapia. Am evaluat emergenţa enterobacteriilor rezistente la carbapeneme din tulpinile izolate de la pacienţii internaţi în Institutul Naţional de Boli Infecţioase (INBI) din Bucureşti şi identificarea diferitelor tipuri de carbapenemaze, utilizând metode fenotipice
The Recent Emergence of Clostridium difficile Infection in Romanian Hospitals is Associated with a High Prevalence of Polymerase Chain Reaction Ribotype 027
Aims: To investigate the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in Romanian hospitals.
Methods: A survey was conducted at nine hospitals throughout Romania between November 2013 and February 2014.
Results: The survey identified 393 patients with Clostridium difficile infection. The median age was 67 years (range: 2-94 years); 56% of patients were aged >65 years. The mean prevalence of Clostridium difficile infection was 5.2 cases per 10.000 patient-days. The highest prevalences were 24.9 and 20 per 10.000 patient-days in hospitals specializing in gastroenterology and infectious diseases, respectively. Clostridium difficile infections were health care-associated in 70.5% patients and community-acquired in 10.2%. The origin was not determined in 19.3%. Clostridium difficile infection was severe in 12.3% of patients, and the in-hospital all-cause mortality was 8.8%. Polymerase chain reaction ribotype 027 had the highest prevalence in all participating hospitals and represented 82.6% of the total ribotyped isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration of moxifloxacin was >4 μg/mL for 59 of 80 tested isolates (73.8%). Of 59 isolates, 54 were highly resistant to moxifloxacin (minimum inhibitory concentration ≥32 μg/mL), and the majority were polymerase chain reaction ribotype 027 (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: The ribotype 027 was the predominant cause of Clostridium difficile infections in Romania. In some specialized hospitals, the prevalence of Clostridium difficile infection was higher than the European mean prevalence, and this demonstrates the need for strict adherence to infection control programs
EVALUAREA A PATRU TESTE FENOTIPICE PENTRU DETECTAREA CARBAPENEMAZELOR DE TIP OXA-48 LA ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
Enterobacteriaceaele producătoare de carbapenemază au potenţialul de a se răspândi rapid in spitale şi în
instituţiile de îngrijire a persoanelor cu dizabilităţi, devenind o problemă majoră de sănătate publică şi pentru
controlul infecţiilor. PCR rămâne metoda de referinţă pentru identificarea acestor tulpini, dar este încă scumpă. În acest studiu am evaluat performanţa a patru teste fenotipice pentru identificarea Enterobacteriaceaelor
producătoare de carbapenemază tip OXA-48 (Oxacilinază-48). Aceste teste au fost: testul Hodge modificat
(MHT), un test care conţine discuri cu meropenem singur sau în combinaţie cu diferiţi inhibitori şi temocilina,
un test enzimatic şi unul imunocromatografic. Testele s-au efectuat şi interpretat conform ghidurilor sau recomandărilor producătorilor. Cel mai frecvent microorganism inclus în studiu a fost Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Cu o singură excepţie (MHT 87,5%), toate testele au avut o specificitate de 100%. Sensibilitatea a fost de
91,25% pentru MHT, 90% pentru combinaţia de discuri, 95% pentru testul enzimatic şi 82,5% pentru testul
imunocromatografic