The cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM) method cannot predict craniofacial growth in girls with Class II malocclusion

Summary Introduction: The cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM) method is used to determine the timing of treatment of Class II malocclusion. Because its performance has not been tested in patients with Class II, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the CVM method in predicting growth peak in Class II malocclusion. Methods: Twenty-nine untreated girls with Class II malocclusion were identified among participants of the Nijmegen Growth Study. Each girl had a series of cephalograms taken semi-annually from 9 to 14 years of age. The CVM status was established by five observers on a cephalogram taken at 9 years; mandibular and maxillary length and anterior face height were assessed on all available cephalograms. Method error was evaluated with kappa statistics and Bland-Altman (BA) plots. Regression analysis was used to determine if CVM grade can predict the phase of maximum facial growth. Results: The mean kappa for intra-rater agreement during grading with CVM was 0.36 (fair agreement). BA plots demonstrated acceptable agreement for cephalometric measurements. The regression analysis demonstrated that the only chronologic age was associated with the facial growth. The largest effect of age was for condylion-gnathion (Cd-Gn) and articulare-gnathion (ArGn)-for every additional 6 months the Cd-Gn increases by 1.8 mm [95 per cent confidence interval (CI): 1.7, 1.9, P < 0.001] and Ar-Gn increases by 1.59 mm (95 per cent CI: 1.52, 1.67, P < 0.001). The CVM grade could not predict the change of cephalometric variables. Conclusions: There is no evidence to support the hypothesis that the CVM method can predict the peak of craniofacial growth

Publisher Herausgeber Editeur Editors Redaktoren Rédacteurs Stress and burnout among Swiss dental residents

Jede im Teil «Forschung und Wissenschaft» der SMfZ eingereichte Arbeit wird von zwei bis drei zahnärztlichen Fachpersonen begutachtet. Diese genaue Begutachtung macht es möglich, dass die Publikationen einen hohen wissenschaftlichen Standard aufweisen. Ich bedanke mich bei den unten aufgeführten Kolleginnen und Kollegen für ihre wertvolle Mitarbeit, die sie in den vergangenen zwei Jahren geleistet haben. Research and Science Articles published in this section have been reviewed by three members of the Editorial Review Board Stress and burnout among Swiss dental residents Key words: stress, burnout, dental education, residents, dental students Summary Stress and burnout have been well-documented in graduate medical and undergraduate dental education, but studies among dental graduate students and residents are sparse. The purpose of this investigation was to examine perceived stressors and three dimensions of burnout among dental residents enrolled in the University of Bern, Switzerland. Thirty-six residents enrolled in five specialty programmes were administered the and "completing graduation requirements" emerged as the top three stressors. Thirty-six percent of respondents were burnout "cases" on the PA scale, while this proportion was 17% for EE and 8% for DP. Both stress and burnout levels increased according to year of study, whereas younger residents and females had consistently higher stress and burnout scores compared to older ones and males. Overall, low levels of perceived stress and burnout were found among this group of Swiss dental residents

Pancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries

Background: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide.Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters.Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 percent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien-Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 percent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 percent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle-compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries.Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761)