Equity and Fairness in Transport Planning: The State of Play

This paper explores the concept of equity, or fairness, in transport. As a pillar of sustainable development, social equity is an important objective of transport planning. The provision of transport infrastructure can have significant equity impacts on society through the distribution of costs and benefits. In recent years, there has been an increase in research interest in transportation related equity issues. The paper outlines the primary theoretical traditions that relate to equity and transport equity, and how equity concerns are currently addressed and evaluated in academia and in practice. Recent research has attempted to establish stronger principles from which to make sound moral judgements as to the fairness of transport impact distribution. The literature reveals that transport equity analysis is complex due to the numerous types of equity and impacts to consider. The paper concludes with a commentary on the state of play of transport equity and identifies areas for potential future research

IMPACT OF EMISSIONS INFORMATION ON MODE CHOICES IN DUBLIN: A STATED PREFERENCE EXPERIMENT

Abstract The rise of smartphone applications within the transport sector has created new and exciting opportunities to provide users with a wide range of previously unavailable information services. The combination of journey planning applications and carbon calculators, allows for the provision of trip specific information regarding the potential environmental impact of personal transport options. While these applications are readily available in the market place, little in terms of scientific research has been undertaken to examine their influence on users. This paper presents the results of a stated preference experiment examining influence of carbon dioxide emissions information on user mode choice, as part of a survey undertaken in the Greater Dublin Area in November 2012. Acknowledging research findings arising from the field of behavioural economics, this study recognizes that mode choices are also influenced by factors other than the attributes presented to the user. In addition to standard socioeconomic considerations, the influence of the respondents' habitual transport behaviour was incorporated into the multinomial logit model. Moreover, due to the issue of information presentation inherent in smartphone applications, the effect of the respondents' process of information assimilation was examined. Results indicate that, for all non driving modes, emissions play a significant role in the respondents' mode choice, with reduced associated emissions contributing to enhanced mode utility. The inclusion of habitual and information processing variables was found to greatly improve upon the initial model in terms of predictive power. Introduction

Additional file 17 of Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Additional file 17: Table S9. PheWAS UKB-MVP meta-analysis results for each index lipid variant at Bonferroni threshold for multiple testing

Additional file 33 of Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Additional file 33: Table S22. Mouse genes with lipid phenotypes (silver set)

Additional file 28 of Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Additional file 28: Table S18. Sex-participation association of the variants with significant sex-specific lipid results

Additional file 27 of Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Additional file 27: Table S17. Sex-stratified effect sizes in UK Biobank considering all individuals or only those not on cholesterol lowering medications