Yield and quality NS soybean varieties in 2020 year

Sorte soje mogu se razlikovati po morfološkim osobinama, dužini vegetacionog perioda, prinosu i kvalitetu zrna. Cilj ovoga rada je sagledavanje prinosa, sadržaja proteina i ulja, kao i prinosa proteina i ulja po jedinici površine NS sorti soje u 2020. godini na lokalitetu Rimski Šančevi. Sorta soje NS Fantast ostvarila je najviši prinos zrna (4402 kg ha-1). Najviši prinos proteina po jedinici površine ostavrila je sorta soje NS Kolos (1756 kg ha-1). Sorta NS Kaća imala je najviši sadržaj proteina (46,21), sorta NS Atlas najviši sadržaj ulja (22,73%), dok je najviši prinos ulja po jedinici površine ostvaren sa sortom soje NS Fantast (961 kg ha-1) i NS Hogar (954 kg ha-1).Soybean varieties can vary accordind to morphological characteristics, vegetation period lenght, yield and grain quality. The aim of this paper is to analyze the yield, protein and oil content, as well as protein and oil yield per unit area of NS soybean varieties in 2020 at the Rimski Šančevi locality. The NS Fantast soybean cultivar had the greatest grain yield (4402 kg ha-1). The NS Kolos cultivar had the greatest protein yield per unit area (1756 kg ha-1). The NS Kaća cultivar had the greatest protein content (46.21), the NS Atlas cultivar had the greatest oil content ( 22.73%), while the greatest oil yield per unit area was achieved with the NS Fantast soybean variety (961 kg ha-1), and NS Hogar variety (954 kg ha-1)

Uticaj međurednog razmaka na broj plodnih nodija kod soje u uslovima navodnjavanja

Three row spacings and three soybean cultivars were examined under irrigation conditions during a two-year study. The objective was to determine the influence of row spacing changes on fertile node number of soybean. The analysis of variance was performed on data following a two-factorial split-plot design , with cultivar and row spacing as main plot and subplot factors, respectively (Hadzivukovic 1991). The number of nodes with pods present was significantly dependent on maturity group. The late cultivar was determined to have a significantly greater number of nodes with pods (1.95 to 2.78), as compared to the early and medium maturity cultivars. An increase in row spacing resulted in an increasing number of fertility nodes (12.05, 12.37, and 13.51). A positive correlation was established between yield per plant and fertile node number.U dvogodišnjem istraživanju ispitivana su tri međuredna razmaka i tri sorte soje različite grupe zrenja u uslovima navodnjavanja. Cilj je bio da se ustanovi u kojoj meri promena međurednog razmaka utiče na broj plodnih nodija kod soje. Podaci su obrađeni analizom varijanse po metodi dvofaktorijalnog split - plot ogleda, gde su faktori ispitivanja: sorta (velika parcela) i međuredni razmak (podparcela) (Hadživuković 1991). Broj nodija s mahunama bio je značajno zavisan od grupe zrenja. Kasana sorta, imala je značajno veći broj nodija s mahunama (1.95 do 2.78) u odnosu na ranu i srednjestasnu sortu. Povećanjem međurednog razmaka setve dolazilo je do povećanja nodija sa mahunama (12.05, 12.37, 13.51). Utvrđena je pozitivna korelacija između prinosa po biljci i broja plodnih nodija

Dužina peteljki sirka metlaša pri različitom sklopu biljaka

Bromcorn fiber length is determined by measuring the distance between the point at which the fibers start to branch out and the tip of at least two thirds of all the fibers present in a given panicle. This is a very important morphological trait, as it determines the success of the panicle harvest. A two-year investigation was carried out in order to determine the influence of different stand densities on fiber length levels in two broomcorn genotypes. Two row-to-row spacing (50 and 70 cm) and six plant-to- plant ones (5, 9, 13, 17, 21, and 25 cm) were studied. Fiber length was the smallest (42.6 and 45.2 cm) with the highest stand densities, and it increased with increasing plant growing space (63.7 cm and 71.0 cm). .Dužina peteljki sirkovih metlica predstavlja rastojanje između tačke grananja peteljki i mesta gde se nalazi vrh najmanje 2/3 od ukupnog broja peteljki. Ovo je veoma bitna morfološka osobina biljaka sirka metlaša, od koje zavisi uspešnost žetve sirkovih metlica. U cilju sagledavanja promene dužine peteljki sirkovih metlica u zavisnosti od različitog sklopa biljaka, izvršena su dvogodišnja istraživanja sa dva genotipa sirka metlaša. Ispitivana su dva međuredna razmaka od 50 i 70 cm i šest različitih razmaka biljaka u redu, (5, 9, 13, 17, 21 i 25 cm). Dužina peteljki bila je najmanja pri najgušćim sklopovima 42,59 i 45,22 cm, dok je sa povećanjem vegetacionog prostora dužina peteljki bila sve veća - 63,72 i 71,04 cm

CONTROL OF GENETIC IDENTITY BY PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS IN VARIETAL REPRODUCTION OF WHEAT

Održanje i kontrola genetske čistoće, odnosno genetskog identiteta, jedan je od krajnjih ciljeva sjemenarstva nakon priznavanja neke sorte pšenice. Primjena pozitivne i negativne selekcije, na razini fenotipa pri sortnoj reprodukciji pšenice, omogućila je sortnu čistoću od 99 i 100% u usjevima svih sjemenskih kategorija. U cilju ispitivanja genetske identičnosti, u ovom su radu analizirane rezervne bjelačevine pšenice – glijadini, koji su metodom poliakrilne gel elektroforeze razdvojeni na veliki broj frakcija koje pokazuju visoku heterogenost. Od analiziranih sorti pšenice jedino je sorta PKB Rodika imala genetsku čistoću od 100% za sve kategorije sjemena. Sorta PKB Kristina je imala genetsku čistoću od 99% za kategoriju predosnovno sjeme, a sorta BG Merkur 99% genetske čistoće za kategoriju – sjeme prve generacije C1. Elektroforeza bjelančevina pokazala je da postoji divergentnost između ispitivanih sorti pšenice po sastavu komponenti glijadinske frakcije, dok unutar sorti postoji ujednačenost.Maintenance and control of genetic purity and genetic identity is one of the ultimate goals in seed production after the recognition of some varieties of wheat. The application of positive and negative selection at the phenotypic level in varietal reproduction of wheat, enabled 99 and 100% of varietal purity in crops of all seed categories. In order to study the genetic identity, in this paper the reserve proteins of wheat – gliadins were analyzed. They were separated by polyacrylic gel electrophoresis into numerous components that showed great heterogeneity. Of all the analyzed wheat varieties, only PKB Rodika variety had the genetic purity of 100% in all categories of seed. PKB Kristina had the genetic purity of 99% in the pre-basic seed category and the variety BG Merkur had genetic purity of 99% in the seed of first generation – C1. Protein electrophoresis showed there was the divergence among the varieties of wheat in its composition of gliadin fractions, while there was uniformity among defferent varietal reproductions within each variety

Influence of nickel in soil

The objective of this investigation has been to study consequences of soil pollution with nickel in five locations in the municipalities of Sremska Kamenica, Ledinci and Beocin. The analysis of soil samples collected in the five locations has shown that the percentage of nickel differed from location to location. Nickel contamination was registered in 60% of the analyzed sites. A possible nickel polluter in this area is the cement factory in Beocin (CFB). The intensity of nickel contamination of soil decreased progressively with the distance of the sampling sites from the cement factory in Beocin

Importance of microbiological fertilizer used in soybean production: Agronomical and biological aspects

Inoculation is the best way to ensure good nodulation with the proper strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria for increased yield in an environmentally safe manner. This investigation was conducted on three-year experiment which was set up in four replications with three-crop rotation (maize-soybean-wheat) at experimental field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia. Effects of application of microbiological fertilizer (with nitrogen-fixing bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum) on root mass, number and mass of nodes per plant, soil biogeneity (number of ammonifiers, Azotobacter, actinomycetes), as well as the effect on soybean yield were studied. Obtained results indicated positive impact of inoculation on nitrogen fixation parameters. The higher amounts of mineral nitrogen had negative impact on atmospheric nitrogen fixation, that is, by increasing preplanting mineral nitrogen amount in the soil by 1 kg, the amount of calculated nitrogen from the air was decreased by 1.72 kg. Increasing abundance of studied microorganisms in the rhizosphere, as well as soybean yield using microbiological fertilizer was stimulated by plowing under crop residues. The impact of meteorogical conditions on the effects of inoclutaion was very significant