Citations (this article cites 13 articles hosted on the SAGE Journals Online and HighWire Press platforms):

In the development of humanoids, both the appearance and behavior of the robots are significant issues. However, designing the robot’s appearance, especially to give it a humanoid one, was always a role of industrial designers. To tackle the problem of appearance and behavior, two approaches are necessary: one from robotics and the other from cognitive science. The approach from robotics tries to build very humanlike robots based on knowledge from cognitive science. The approach from cognitive science uses the robot to verify hypotheses for understanding humans. This cross-interdisciplinary framework is called android science. This conceptual paper introduces developed androids and states key issues in android science. KEY WORDS—android, android science, humanoid, appearance, cognitive study, uncanny valley, synergt effect, total Turin