101 research outputs found
Modeling Nonadiabatic Dynamics At Molecule-Metal Interfaces
The coupled electronic-nuclear dynamics at molecule-metal interfaces are fundamental processes that underlie many distinct areas of science: from electrochemistry, chemisorption, heterogeneous catalysis, quantum dots, all the way to molecular conduction. Simulating these coupled dynamics at molecule-metal interfaces is very challenging, due to the breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation and the inclusion of a manifold of electrons from the metal. Two methods are presented to investigate these nonadiabatic dynamics: a) In the outer sphere regime (weak electronic coupling between molecule and metal), a surface hopping approach is developed to treat nuclear motion classically with electronic motion captured by hopping between different potential energy surfaces; b) In the inner sphere regime (strong electronic coupling between molecule and metal), electronic dynamics are incorporated into a frictional force (i.e. electronic friction) together with a random force. In addition, a natural combination of these two methods called a broadened classical master equation (BCME) is developed. As benchmarked against numerical exact solutions, the BCME works well in both inner and outer sphere regimes. Finally, a universal form of electronic friction is derived. Such a formula unifies many different forms of electronic friction in the literature and allows the inclusion of electron-electron interactions, and can demonstrate interesting Kondo resonances at low temperature
Numerical study of non-adiabatic quantum thermodynamics of the driven resonant level model: Non-equilibrium entropy production and higher order corrections
We present our numerical study on quantum thermodynamics of the resonant
level model subjected to non-equilibrium condition as well as external driving.
Following our previous work on non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics (Phys.
Rev. B 101, 184304 [2020]), we expand the density operator into a series of
power in the driving speed, where we can determine the non-adiabatic
thermodynamic quantities. Particularly, we calculate the non-equilibrium
entropy production rate as well as higher order non-adiabatic corrections to
the energy and/or population. In the limit of weak system-bath coupling, our
results reduce to the one from the quantum master equation
Electron transfer at molecule-metal interfaces under Floquet engineering: Rate constant and Floquet Marcus theory
Electron transfer (ET) at molecule-metal or molecule-semiconductor interfaces
is a fundamental reaction that underlies all electro-chemical and molecular
electronic processes as well as substrate-mediated surface photochemistry. In
this study, we show that ET rates near a metal surface can be significantly
manipulated by periodic modulations of an impurity level of the molecule near a
metal surface. We employ the analytical Marcus theory and two numerical Floquet
surface hopping algorithms that are developed previously, to calculate the ET
rates near metal surface as a function of driving amplitudes and driving
frequencies. We find that ET rates become faster with increasing the driving
amplitude but no turnover effect, while have a turnover effect with increasing
driving frequencies.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure
Electronic Friction Near Metal Surface: Incorporating Nuclear Quantum Effect with Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics
Molecular dynamics with electronic friction (MDEF) approach can describe
nonadiabatic effects accurately at metal surfaces in the weak nonadiabatic
limit. That being said, MDEF treats nuclear motion classically, such that the
nuclear quantum effects are missing completely in the approach. To address this
limitation, we combine electronic friction with Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics
(RPMD). In particular, we apply the averaged electronic friction from the metal
surface to the centroid mode of the ring polymer. We benchmark our approach
against quantum dynamics to show that electronic friction with RPMD (EF-RPMD)
can capture zero-point energy as well as transition dynamics accurately. In
addition, we show EF-RPMD can correctly predict the electronic transfer rate
near metal surfaces in the tunneling limit as well as the barrier crossing
limit. We expect our approach will be very useful to study nonadiabatic
dynamics near metal surface when nuclear quantum effects become essential
Polaritons under Extensive Disordered Molecular Rotation in Optical Cavities
This study investigates the dynamic behavior of polaritons in an optical
cavity containing one million molecules, emphasizing the influence of molecular
rotation and level disorder on the coupling between molecules and photons.
Through rigorous theoretical simulations and numerical analyses, we
systematically explore the formation and spectral characteristics of polaritons
in this complex environment. Our findings reveal that the rotational motion of
molecules significantly affects the electromagnetic field distribution within
the cavity, leading to distinct alterations in polariton properties.
Simultaneously, the presence of level disorder induces diverse energy level
structures, influencing the energy distribution of polaritons. The
comprehensive examination of these factors provides valuable insights into the
intricate interplay between molecules and photons in large-scale cavity
systems. This research not only advances the fundamental understanding of
molecular-photon coupling but also offers theoretical guidance for practical
applications in the design and exploration of optical cavities
Floquet driven frictional effects
When the coupled electron-nuclear dynamics are subjected to strong Floquet
driving, there is a strong breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. In
this article, we derive a Fokker-Planck equation to describe non-adiabatic
molecular dynamics with electronic friction for Floquet driven systems. We
first provide a new derivation of the Floquet quantum-classical Liouville
equation (QCLE) for driven electron-nuclear dynamics. We then transform the
Floquet QCLE into a Fokker-Planck equation with explicit forms of frictional
force and random force. We recast the electronic friction in terms of Floquet
Green's functions such that we can evaluate the electronic friction explicitly.
We show that the Floquet electronic friction tensor exhibits antisymmetric
terms even at equilibrium for real-valued Hamiltonian, suggesting that there is
a Lorentz-like force in Floquet driven non-Born Oppenheimer dynamics even
without any spin-orbit couplings.Comment: Main: 5 pages, 3 figuers, Supplement: 5 pag
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