1,956 research outputs found
Squeezed: Why Rising Exposure to Health Care Costs Threatens the Health and Financial Well-Being of American Families
Examines U.S. healthcare costs compared with other industrialized countries, individual health insurance coverage, individual market regulations, and the impact of high deductible plans on the health of individuals with chronic disease
Gaps in Health Insurance: An All-American Problem
Presents findings from a survey that examines health insurance coverage, rising healthcare costs, and the health and financial consequences to families that experience breaks in insurance
Failure to Protect: Why the Individual Insurance Market Is Not a Viable Option for Most U.S. Families
Based on the Commonwealth Fund 2007 Biennial Health Insurance Survey, examines access to and affordability of individual insurance. Reviews obstacles to obtaining coverage, such as health issues and costs, and out-of-pocket costs of those who obtain it
Out of Options: Why So Many Workers in Small Businesses Lack Affordable Health Insurance, and How Health Care Reform Can Help
Based on the 2007 Commonwealth Fund Biennial Health Insurance Survey, examines small business employees' limited access to health insurance and contributing factors. Explores how small businesses and employees could benefit from proposed reforms
Losing Ground: How the Loss of Adequate Health Insurance Is Burdening Working Families: Findings From the Commonwealth Fund Biennial Health Insurance Surveys, 2001-2007
Highlights declining health coverage and rising deductibles for American adults and the implications for medical costs, debt burdens, and access to health care. Examines socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the uninsured and underinsured
Rite of Passage? Why Young Adults Become Uninsured and How New Policies Can Help
Assesses the scope of the health insurance problem facing young adults, its causes and implications, and offers policy changes that could help them stay insured as they make the transition to independent living
Health Coverage for Aging Baby Boomers: Findings From The Commonwealth Fund Survey of Older Adults
Examines healthcare quality and access by baby boomers in working families. Offers recommendations for expanding coverage, including options for savings accounts and early participation in Medicare
Applying a new version of the Brazilian-Portuguese UPSIT smell test in Brazil
Standardized olfactory tests are now available to quantitatively assess disorders of olfaction. A Brazilian-Portuguese version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) is currently being developed specifically for the Brazilian population. The most recent Brazilian-Portuguese version of the UPSIT (UPSIT-Br2) was administered to 88 Brazilian subjects who had no history of neurological or otorhinolaryngological disease. UPSIT-Br2 scores decreased with age, were lower in men than in women, and were lower in subjects with lower income. The degree to which the poorer performance of subjects with lower socio-economic status reflects lack of familiarity with test items is not known. Although this version of the UPSIT provides a sensitive and useful test of smell function for the Brazilian population, a revision of some test items is needed to achieve comparable norms to those found using the North American UPSIT in the United States
Constructive Dimension and Turing Degrees
This paper examines the constructive Hausdorff and packing dimensions of
Turing degrees. The main result is that every infinite sequence S with
constructive Hausdorff dimension dim_H(S) and constructive packing dimension
dim_P(S) is Turing equivalent to a sequence R with dim_H(R) <= (dim_H(S) /
dim_P(S)) - epsilon, for arbitrary epsilon > 0. Furthermore, if dim_P(S) > 0,
then dim_P(R) >= 1 - epsilon. The reduction thus serves as a *randomness
extractor* that increases the algorithmic randomness of S, as measured by
constructive dimension.
A number of applications of this result shed new light on the constructive
dimensions of Turing degrees. A lower bound of dim_H(S) / dim_P(S) is shown to
hold for the Turing degree of any sequence S. A new proof is given of a
previously-known zero-one law for the constructive packing dimension of Turing
degrees. It is also shown that, for any regular sequence S (that is, dim_H(S) =
dim_P(S)) such that dim_H(S) > 0, the Turing degree of S has constructive
Hausdorff and packing dimension equal to 1.
Finally, it is shown that no single Turing reduction can be a universal
constructive Hausdorff dimension extractor, and that bounded Turing reductions
cannot extract constructive Hausdorff dimension. We also exhibit sequences on
which weak truth-table and bounded Turing reductions differ in their ability to
extract dimension.Comment: The version of this paper appearing in Theory of Computing Systems,
45(4):740-755, 2009, had an error in the proof of Theorem 2.4, due to
insufficient care with the choice of delta. This version modifies that proof
to fix the error
Front and Center: Ensuring That Health Reform Puts People First
Outlines the failures of the healthcare system and the benefits of the Commonwealth Fund's comprehensive reform plan for the uninsured, the underinsured, those who cannot afford out-of-pocket costs or premiums, and others without adequate access to care
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