End-to-End Cross-Modality Retrieval with CCA Projections and Pairwise Ranking Loss

Cross-modality retrieval encompasses retrieval tasks where the fetched items are of a different type than the search query, e.g., retrieving pictures relevant to a given text query. The state-of-the-art approach to cross-modality retrieval relies on learning a joint embedding space of the two modalities, where items from either modality are retrieved using nearest-neighbor search. In this work, we introduce a neural network layer based on Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) that learns better embedding spaces by analytically computing projections that maximize correlation. In contrast to previous approaches, the CCA Layer (CCAL) allows us to combine existing objectives for embedding space learning, such as pairwise ranking losses, with the optimal projections of CCA. We show the effectiveness of our approach for cross-modality retrieval on three different scenarios (text-to-image, audio-sheet-music and zero-shot retrieval), surpassing both Deep CCA and a multi-view network using freely learned projections optimized by a pairwise ranking loss, especially when little training data is available (the code for all three methods is released at: https://github.com/CPJKU/cca_layer).Comment: Preliminary version of a paper published in the International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieva

Three-dimensional charge transport mapping by two-photon absorption edge transient-current technique in synthetic single-crystalline diamond

We demonstrate the application of two-photon absorption transient current technique to wide bandgap semiconductors. We utilize it to probe charge transport properties of single-crystal Chemical Vapor Deposition (scCVD) diamond. The charge carriers, inside the scCVD diamond sample, are excited by a femtosecond laser through simultaneous absorption of two photons. Due to the nature of two-photon absorption, the generation of charge carriers is confined in space (3-D) around the focal point of the laser. Such localized charge injection allows to probe the charge transport properties of the semiconductor bulk with a fine-grained 3-D resolution. Exploiting spatial confinement of the generated charge, the electrical field of the diamond bulk was mapped at different depths and compared to an X-ray diffraction topograph of the sample. Measurements utilizing this method provide a unique way of exploring spatial variations of charge transport properties in transparent wide-bandgap semiconductors.Comment: This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. The following article appeared in Applied Physics Letters and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.509085

Outcomes of microsurgical clipping of recurrent aneurysms after endovascular coiling

OBJECT: The outcomes of microsurgery of previously coiled aneurysms are poorly described and little is known about what factors predict poor outcome. Therefore, we set out studying our case series to identify predictors of poor outcome following microsurgery for previously coiled recurrent aneurysms. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study from a prospectively maintained vascular database reviewing presentations, recurrent aneurysms measurements, surgery and outcomes of microsurgical clipping of recurrent previously coiled intracranial aneurysms. RESULTS: 39 patients (mean age 49 years, range 22-70 years) underwent microsurgical clipping of 40 previously coiled intracranial aneurysms. One patient suffered seizures, one transient neurological worsening and one hyponatraemia, none of whom had long-term sequelae. Two patients suffered postoperative infarcts giving an overall incidence of permanent morbidity of 5.1%. There were no deaths or rebleeds on follow up. In three patients, an attempt was made to remove the coil ball. These included the two patients with infarct and one with transient deficit. These patients had larger aneurysms (1106mm3 vs 135 mm3, p=0.005), with larger coil balls (257 mm3 vs 52 mm3, p=0.01) and wider necks (7.09 mm vs 2.69 mm, p=0.02) but smaller remnant heights (1.59mm vs 1.99mm, p=0.04). They were also more likely to have prolapsing coil loops (3/3 vs 3/27, p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates good clinical outcomes from microsurgical clipping of recurrent aneurysms. In the vast majority of cases, clips can be applied primarily. Coil ball removal was associated with increased morbidity and should only be considered as a second line option and its likely need identified before surgery

Proceedings of the EuBIC Winter School 2019

The 2019 European Bioinformatics Community (EuBIC) Winter School was held from January 15th to January 18th 2019 in Zakopane, Poland. This year’s meeting was the third of its kind and gathered international researchers in the field of (computational) proteomics to discuss (mainly) challenges in proteomics quantification and data independent acquisition (DIA). Here, we present an overview of the scientific program of the 2019 EuBIC Winter School. Furthermore, we can already give a small outlook to the upcoming EuBIC 2020 Developer’s Meeting