The Energy Expenditure and Feasibility of Two Prenatal Yoga Programs

Purpose: To determine the energy expenditure and feasibility of two different DVD-­‐ based prenatal yoga programs (static yoga practice and vinyasa practice). Methods: Participants were 25 women in their second trimester (13-­‐28 weeks) who werescreened for pregnancy-­‐related risk factors. The two DVDs used were “Prenatal Yoga with Shiva Rea” (DVD A) which is a static yoga practice, and “Jennifer Wolfes Prenatal Vinyasa Yoga” (DVD B) which is a flow yoga practice. Both DVDs were approximately 50-­‐55 minutes, and included three phases (warm up, main, cool down). Each subject completed both prenatal DVD routines approximately two weeks apart. The energy expenditure (VO2, METs, and Kcals) was measured using the Viasys Jaeger Oxycon Mobile system. Enjoyment and feasibility were measured using an adapted version of the PACES questionnaire. Results: DVD B had significantly greater average total energy expenditure than DVD A (p\u3c0.001). There was a significant interaction between phase, type of yoga, and VO2, F(3,21)= 61.15, p\u3c.001. DVD B had significantly greater average total bout heart rate (HR) than DVD A (p\u3c0.001). There was a significant interaction between phase, type of yoga, and HR, F(1,16)=10.318, p=0.005. There were no differences between yoga DVD program type for feasibility (p=0.397) or enjoyment (p=0.886). The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was significantly higher for DVD B compared to DVD A (14.12 vs. 11, p\u3c0.001). Conclusion: The energy expenditure of “vinyasa” style prenatal yoga (DVD B) was significantly higher than standard prenatal yoga. Additionally, both DVDs were found to be equally enjoyable and feasible. These results provide data regarding energy expenditure and can be useful in providing options for activity during pregnancy

The Relationship Between Cell Phone Use And Motivation To Exercise In College Students

Past research suggests that high cell phone usage is related to sedentary behavior, poor physical fitness, and poor mental health. College students cell phone usage has increased over previous years while physical activity levels have declined, but due to little research, this relationship is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between college student\u27s smartphone usage, exercise motivation, and physical activity. College students completed an electronic survey (n=157; female = 135; age = 20.01±1.49; BMI = 24.39) that assessed exercise motivation, physical activity, smartphone usage, height and weight (to calculate BMI), depression, anxiety, stress and fear of missing out. Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and independent t-tests using SPSS. Results showed that amotivation (p \u3c 0.01) was positively associated with cell phone usage, while intrinsic motivation (p \u3c 0.01) was negatively associated. High cell phone users (M = 0.75 ± 0.80) showed greater amotivation for exercise than low-users (M = 0.33 ± 0.52), while low-users showed higher levels of intrinsic motivation. This novel study suggests that cell phone usage may interfere with exercise motivation and could be a possible barrier for individuals trying to become more motivated to exercise. Future research should examine ways to limit cell phone use, increase motivation to exercise to improve overall quality of life

Welcoming high reliability organising in construction management

To achieve project objectives, construction project managers have to manoeuvre through complex coordination structures. They have to simultaneously deal with limited budgets, tight schedules, demanding stakeholders and a fragmented supply-chain. Despite their extensive coordination efforts, project managers are frequently confronted with unexpected delays that force them to improvise and re-plan. As a consequence, budgets and schedules tend to overrun and project organisations appear out-of-control rather than stable and reliable. To enrich our understanding of these phenomena, we propose using the theoretical lens of High Reliability Organising (HRO). HRO stems from research into high hazard industries, and is relatively new to construction management. It provides five generic guiding principles that help practitioners anticipate and contain unwanted events. Given that the use of HRO beyond high hazard contexts is not universally accepted within the scientific community, we ask whether it is justified to apply the HRO lens to the organisation and coordination of 'mainstream' construction projects. We elaborate on this issue by addressing its main theoretical concepts, its origin and its application beyond the fields of risk and safety. We further explain why reductionist interpretations of HRO concepts unnecessarily limit HRO's research domain. We propose a pragmatic reinterpretation of HRO that provides access to the field of construction management. Finally, we present preliminary results of our study into delays and overruns in inner-city subsurface utility reconstruction projects. Our theoretical and empirical arguments provide a stepping-stone for future HRO research projects in the construction management field

Currently Existing Mosquito Control Programs in Minnesota

Mosquito Control in Minnesota is governed by three statutes: Local Pest Control 18.021 -18.022, Mosquito Abatement 18.041 -18.161, and Mosquito Control 473.701 -473.717. Of these only two are actively utilized, 18.021 -18.022 in outstate Minnesota and 473.701 -473.717 in the seven county metropolitan area. Local Pest Control Statute 18.021 -18.022 governs the control of many pests including mosquitoes. The statute is enforced by the Municipal Pest Control Section of the Division of Plant Industry in the Minnesota Department of Agriculture. Pesticides are generally applied to kill adult mosquitoes upon citizen demand