When Code Words Aren’t Coded

According to the standard framing of racial appeals in political speech, politicians generally rely on coded language to communicate racial messages. Yet recent years have demonstrated that politicians often express quite explicit forms of racism in mainstream political discourse. The standard framing can explain neither why these appeals work politically nor how they work semantically. This paper moves beyond the standard framing, focusing on the politics and semantics of one type of explicit appeal, candid racial communication (CRC). The linguistic vehicles of CRC are neither true code words, nor slurs, but a conventionally defined class of “racialized terms.

Studies of Artists: An Annotated Directory

This annotated directory documents more than 80 different studies of artist populations. The directory provides information about how the researcher in each study has defined the artist and identified the population. Studies are arranged by type of artist population and, within each category, by study date. Each entry indicates, in so far as possible from available materials, the study investigator, the artist population, the way in which artists were identified, sampling procedures, number of respondents and response rates, and publications based on the study. This directory should provide researchers and other interested parties with a range of definitions, identification methods, and sampling procedures currently used in studies of artists. The introduction to the directory provides a critical overview of the numerous methods for identifying and defining "artists."

Cost and Benefit Analysis of a Preconditioning Feeder Calf Program

Objectives were twofold: Determine key factors influencing preconditioning cost and returns; and determine the premium for age and source verified, preconditioned calves sold at a public livestock market. Data provided by the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation show preconditioning returns depend significantly on number of days preconditioned, average daily gain, and cost of vaccinations, hay, feed, and mineral. Noble Foundation cooperators received a premium for age and source verified, preconditioned feeder cattle when sold at market. Significant coefficients averaged across five sales conclude that Noble Foundation management practices receive a $2.49/cwt premium when compared to all other cattle sold at market.Cattle, calves, preconditioning, prices, costs, age and source verification, Marketing,

Beryllium fluoride film protects beryllium against corrosion

Film of beryllium fluoride protects beryllium against corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in water containing chloride ion concentrations. The film is formed by exposing the beryllium to fluorine gas at 535 degrees C or higher and makes beryllium suitable for space applications

Economic Potential of Using High Tunnel Hoop Houses to Produce Fruits and Vegetables

Abstract Hoop house plasticulture has been promoted as a production technology that allows fruit and vegetable crops to be grown in the cool season months in early spring and late fall. At this time little information regarding the economics of hoop house plasticulture is available. Two fruit and vegetable production systems were developed for growing conditions in south-central Oklahoma. The first system has a spinach crop followed by field tomato, and the second system has annually produced strawberry followed by yellow and zucchini squash. Crop production data were collected in a three-year randomized and replicated experiment. The objectives were (1) to determine the expected cost of production for each crop and systems, (2) to determine the breakeven price for each crop in each system, and (3) to determine how robust breakeven prices are to a number of yield, expense and marketing scenarios. The expected total cost of production were $1,968 and$1,652 per house for spinach and tomato crops, respectively, and $2,749,$359 and $353 per house for yellow and zucchini squash crops, respectively. Breakeven prices for spinach and tomato were$3.32 and $0.83 per pound, respectively, and$6.16, $0.92, and$1.40 per pound for strawberry and yellow and zucchini squash, respectively. Breakeven prices for spinach and strawberry crops were most sensitive to assumptions about quantity of marketable yield sold and/or quantity of yield consumed by grower household.breakeven prices, economics, fruits and vegetables, hoop houses, plasticulture, Agribusiness, Farm Management, Labor and Human Capital, Marketing, Production Economics,

A ''critical'' tracking task for man-machine research related to the operators effective delay time. Part II - Experimental effects of system input spectra, control stick stiffness, and controlled element order

Closed-loop compensatory tracking for measuring operator delay time in control actio