An evaluation of the effectiveness of self-management interventions for people with type 2 diabetes after an acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review

${\bf Background:}$ Type 2 diabetes is highly prevalent in patients with acute coronary syndrome and impacts negatively on health outcome s and self-management. Both conditions shar e similar risk factor s. However, there is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of combined interventions to promote self-management behaviour for people who with diabetes and cardiac problems. Identifying critical features of successful interventions will inform future integrated self-management programmes for patients with both conditions. ${\bf Objectives:}$ To assess the evidence on the effectiveness of existing interventions to promote self-management behaviour for patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and type 2 diabetes in secondary care settings and post discharge . ${\bf Design:}$ We searched Medline, PubMed, CINAHL Plus, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library and AMED for randomised controlled trials published between January 2005 and December 2014. The search was performed using the following search terms of “acute coronary syndrome”, “type 2 diabetes” and “self-management intervention” and their substitutes combined . ${\bf Results:}$ Out of 4275 articles that were retrieved, only 4 trials met all the inclusion criteria (population, intervention, comparison and outcome) and were analysed. Overall, the results show that providing combined interventions for patients with both conditions including educational sessions supported by multimedia or telecommunication technologies were partially successful in promoting self-management behaviours. Implementation of these combined interventions during patient’s hospitalisation and post discharge was feasible. Intervention group subjects, reported a significant improvement in self-efficacy, level of knowledge, glycated haemoglobin, blood pressure and fasting glucose test. However, there are many threats have been noticed around internal validity of included studies that could compromise the conclusions drawn . ${\bf Conclusion:}$ With limited research in this area there was no final evidence to support effectiveness of combined intervention s to promote self-management behaviour for patient s with type 2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome. Sufficiently powered, good quality, well conducted and reported randomised controlled trials are required.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.1348

CODE-EHR best-practice framework for the use of structured electronic health-care records in clinical research.

Big data is important to new developments in global clinical science that aim to improve the lives of patients. Technological advances have led to the regular use of structured electronic health-care records with the potential to address key deficits in clinical evidence that could improve patient care. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown this potential in big data and related analytics but has also revealed important limitations. Data verification, data validation, data privacy, and a mandate from the public to conduct research are important challenges to effective use of routine health-care data. The European Society of Cardiology and the BigData@Heart consortium have brought together a range of international stakeholders, including representation from patients, clinicians, scientists, regulators, journal editors, and industry members. In this Review, we propose the CODE-EHR minimum standards framework to be used by researchers and clinicians to improve the design of studies and enhance transparency of study methods. The CODE-EHR framework aims to develop robust and effective utilisation of health-care data for research purposes

2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death the Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC)

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2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias

The Task Force for the Management of Dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS)  Developed with the special contribution of the European Assocciation for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)  ABI : ankle-brachial inde

2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS.

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