Polymer-Derived Ceramics Technology: Characteristics, Procedure, Product Structures, and Properties, and Development of the Technology in High-Entropy Ceramics

Ceramics have become indispensable materials for a wide range of industrial applications due to their excellent properties. However, the traditional preparation of ceramic materials is often time-consuming and involves high sintering temperatures. These result in considerable energy consumption and high production costs, which limit the application of these materials in some industries. This paper focuses on the advent of polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) technology, which enabled the application of ceramics to fibers, composites, coatings, and films, mainly due to the excellent design, process, and low-temperature ceramic properties. We review and evaluate the important research progress made in polymer-derived ceramics technology in recent years and discuss its recent development into high-entropy ceramics. The development of polymer-derived ceramics technology in the field of high-entropy ceramics has broad research prospects, which can greatly improve the understanding and design of high-entropy materials and accelerate their application in the industrial field

Polymer-Derived Ceramics Technology: Characteristics, Procedure, Product Structures, and Properties, and Development of the Technology in High-Entropy Ceramics

Ceramics have become indispensable materials for a wide range of industrial applications due to their excellent properties. However, the traditional preparation of ceramic materials is often time-consuming and involves high sintering temperatures. These result in considerable energy consumption and high production costs, which limit the application of these materials in some industries. This paper focuses on the advent of polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) technology, which enabled the application of ceramics to fibers, composites, coatings, and films, mainly due to the excellent design, process, and low-temperature ceramic properties. We review and evaluate the important research progress made in polymer-derived ceramics technology in recent years and discuss its recent development into high-entropy ceramics. The development of polymer-derived ceramics technology in the field of high-entropy ceramics has broad research prospects, which can greatly improve the understanding and design of high-entropy materials and accelerate their application in the industrial field

MXene Film Prepared by Vacuum-Assisted Filtration: Properties and Applications

MXene (Ti3C2Tx) film prepared by vacuum-assisted filtration (V-MXene film) is the most common 2D MXene macroscopic assembly with ultra-high electrical conductivity, tunable interlayer space, diverse surface chemical properties, favorable mechanical properties and so on, showing great commercial value in the fields of energy storage, electromagnetic interference shielding and actuators and so on. This paper focuses on the preparation, properties and applications of V-MXene film, objectively reviews and evaluates the important research progress of V-MXene film in recent years and analyzes the main problems at present. In addition, the development direction and trend of V-MXene film in the future are prospected from the aspects of preparation, property control and application fields, which provide guidance and inspiration for the further development of functional MXene-based films and make contributions to the progress of MXene technology

Synthesis of Hydrogels and Their Progress in Environmental Remediation and Antimicrobial Application

As a kind of efficient adsorptive material, hydrogel has a wide application prospect within different fields, owing to its unique 3D network structures composed of polymers. In this paper, different synthetic strategies, crosslinking methods and their corresponding limitations and outstanding contributions of applications in the fields of removing environmental pollutants are reviewed to further provide a prospective view of their applications in water resources sustainability. Furthermore, the applications within the biomedical field, especially in wound dressing, are also reviewed in this paper, mainly due to their unique water retention ability, antibacterial ability, and good biocompatibility. Finally, the development direction of hydrogels in the fields of environmental remediation and biomedicine were summarized and prospected

CryptMDB: A practical encrypted MongoDB over big data

In big data era, data are usually stored in databases for easy access and utilization, which are now woven into every aspect of our lives. However, traditional relational databases cannot address users\u27 demands for quick data access and calculating, since they cannot process data in a distributed way. To tackle this problem, non-relational databases such as MongoDB have emerged up and been applied in various Scenarios. Nevertheless, it should be noted that most MongoDB products fail to consider user\u27s data privacy. In this paper, we propose a practical encrypted MongoDB (i.e., CryptMDB). Specifically, we utilize an additive homomorphic asymmetric cryptosystem to encrypt user\u27s data and achieve strong privacy protection. Security analysis indicates that the CryptMDB can achieve confidentiality of user\u27s data and prevent adversaries from illegally gaining access to the database. Furthermore, extensive experiments demonstrate that the CryptMDB achieves better efficiency than existing relational database in terms of data access and calculating

Achieving efficient and privacy-preserving truth discovery in crowd sensing systems

Benefiting from the development of network and mobile communication technologies, crowd sensing systems have emerged as new technology to sense and collect data via mobile devices. However, aggregated results of the collected data may not be accurate since information provided by devices may not be reliable. To tackle this problem, approaches based on truth discovery have been proposed to improve accuracy of data aggregation operations in crowd sensing systems. Nevertheless, it should be noted that most existing truth discovery proposals failed to consider user\u27s data privacy. In this paper, we propose an Efficient and Privacy-preserving Truth Discovery (EPTD) scheme in crowd sensing systems. Specifically, we utilize the additive homomorphic privacy-preserving data aggregation and super-increasing sequence techniques to achieve both high performance and strong privacy protection. Security analysis indicates that the EPTD can achieve confidentiality of observed values and privacy protection of users\u27 weights. Furthermore, extensive experiments demonstrate that the EPTD is better than existing proposals in terms of communication and computation overhead

MXene Film Prepared by Vacuum-Assisted Filtration: Properties and Applications

MXene (Ti3C2Tx) film prepared by vacuum-assisted filtration (V-MXene film) is the most common 2D MXene macroscopic assembly with ultra-high electrical conductivity, tunable interlayer space, diverse surface chemical properties, favorable mechanical properties and so on, showing great commercial value in the fields of energy storage, electromagnetic interference shielding and actuators and so on. This paper focuses on the preparation, properties and applications of V-MXene film, objectively reviews and evaluates the important research progress of V-MXene film in recent years and analyzes the main problems at present. In addition, the development direction and trend of V-MXene film in the future are prospected from the aspects of preparation, property control and application fields, which provide guidance and inspiration for the further development of functional MXene-based films and make contributions to the progress of MXene technology

Progress in the Preclinical and Clinical Study of Resveratrol for Vascular Metabolic Disease

Vascular metabolic dysfunction presents in various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Due to the high prevalence of these diseases, it is important to explore treatment strategies to protect vascular function. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural polyphenolic phytochemical, is regarded as an agent to regulate metabolic pathways. Many studies have proven that RSV has beneficial effects on improving metabolism in endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which provide new directions to treat vascular metabolic diseases. Herein, we overviewed that RSV could regulate cell metabolism activity by inhibiting glucose uptake, suppressing glycolysis, preventing cells from fatty acid-related damages, reducing lipogenesis, increasing fatty acid oxidation, enhancing lipolysis, elevating uptake and synthesis of glutamine, and increasing NO release. Furthermore, in clinical trials, although the results from different studies remain controversial, we proposed that RSV had better therapeutic effects at high concentrations and for patients with metabolic disorders

Association between estimated pulse wave velocity and in-hospital mortality of patients with acute kidney injury: a retrospective cohort analysis of the MIMIC-IV database

AbstractBackground Estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) has been found to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality and kidney injury, which can be estimated noninvasively. This study aimed to investigate the association between ePWV and in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods This study included 5960 patients with AKI from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. The low and high ePWV groups were compared using a Kaplan-Meier survival curve to evaluate the differences in survival status. Cox proportional hazards models were used to explore the association between ePWV and in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with AKI. To further examine the dose-response relationship, we used a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model. Stratification analyses were conducted to investigate the effect of ePWV on hospital mortality across various subgroups.Results Survival analysis indicated that patients with high ePWV had a lower survival rate than those with low ePWV. Following adjustment, high ePWV demonstrated a statistically significant association with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality among AKI patients (HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.36-1.71, p < 0.001). Analysis using the RCS model confirmed a linear increase in the risk of hospital mortality as the ePWV values increased (P for nonlinearity = 0.602).Conclusions A high ePWV was significantly associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality among patients with AKI. Furthermore, ePWV was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with AKI