77 research outputs found
Enhanced Management of Personal Astronomical Data with FITSManager
Although the roles of data centers and computing centers are becoming more
and more important, and on-line research is becoming the mainstream for
astronomy, individual research based on locally hosted data is still very
common. With the increase of personal storage capacity, it is easy to find
hundreds to thousands of FITS files in the personal computer of an
astrophysicist. Because Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) is a
professional data format initiated by astronomers and used mainly in the small
community, data management toolkits for FITS files are very few. Astronomers
need a powerful tool to help them manage their local astronomical data.
Although Virtual Observatory (VO) is a network oriented astronomical research
environment, its applications and related technologies provide useful solutions
to enhance the management and utilization of astronomical data hosted in an
astronomer's personal computer. FITSManager is such a tool to provide
astronomers an efficient management and utilization of their local data,
bringing VO to astronomers in a seamless and transparent way. FITSManager
provides fruitful functions for FITS file management, like thumbnail, preview,
type dependent icons, header keyword indexing and search, collaborated working
with other tools and online services, and so on. The development of the
FITSManager is an effort to fill the gap between management and analysis of
astronomical data.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in New Astronom
Prompt-NER: Zero-shot Named Entity Recognition in Astronomy Literature via Large Language Models
This study delves into the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for
Named Entity Recognition (NER) tasks in the field of astronomy literature. To
enhance the zero-shot recognition capabilities of LLMs for astronomical named
entities, we propose a strategy called Prompt-NER. Prompt-NER includes five
prompt elements: Task Descriptions, Entity Definitions, Task Emphasis, Task
Examples, and Second Conversation. To assess the effectiveness of the
Prompt-NER strategy, we utilize three representative LLMs (Claude-2, GPT-3.5,
and LLaMA-2-70b) to identify telescope and celestial object named entities in
astronomical literature. Our experiments are conducted based on two distinct
datasets. The first dataset comprises 30 original PDF documents, which we split
into paragraphs in sequential order, resulting in a second dataset consisting
of 30 paragraph collections. Additionally, we incorporate 30 astronomical
telegrams to diversify our experiments and assess the performance of LLMs based
on Prompt-NER on concise, complete texts. Our experimental results indicate
that the Prompt-NER strategy enables LLMs to effectively accomplish NER tasks
in the field of astronomy, even without prior astronomical knowledge during
training. We carefully analyze the experimental results, including the
mechanism of different prompt elements and the influence of different features
of long and short texts on their respective experimental results. This research
provides experience for zero-shot NER tasks in astronomical literature and
suggests future work in this area
The Galactic extinction and reddening from the South Galactic Cap U-band Sky Survey: u band galaxy number counts and color distribution
We study the integral Galactic extinction and reddening based on the galaxy
catalog of the South Galactic Cap U-band Sky Survey (SCUSS), where band
galaxy number counts and color distribution are used to derive the
Galactic extinction and reddening respectively. We compare these independent
statistical measurements with the reddening map of \citet{Schlegel1998}(SFD)
and find that both the extinction and reddening from the number counts and
color distribution are in good agreement with the SFD results at low extinction
regions ( mag). However, for high extinction regions
( mag), the SFD map overestimates the Galactic reddening
systematically, which can be approximated by a linear relation ]. By combing the results of galaxy number counts and
color distribution together, we find that the shape of the Galactic extinction
curve is in good agreement with the standard extinction law of
\cite{ODonnell1994}
Project Overview of the Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey
The Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey (BASS) is a wide-field two-band photometric
survey of the Northern Galactic Cap using the 90Prime imager on the 2.3 m Bok
telescope at Kitt Peak. It is a four-year collaboration between the National
Astronomical Observatory of China and Steward Observatory, the University of
Arizona, serving as one of the three imaging surveys to provide photometric
input catalogs for target selection of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
(DESI) project. BASS will take up to 240 dark/grey nights to cover an area of
about 5400 deg in the and bands. The 5 limiting AB
magnitudes for point sources in the two bands, corrected for the Galactic
extinction, are 24.0 and 23.4 mag, respectively. BASS, together with other DESI
imaging surveys, will provide unique science opportunities that cover a wide
range of topics in both Galactic and extragalactic astronomy.Comment: 10 pages, submitted to PAS
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