Analysis of failure characteristics of grouting concretion body under the action of water-force coupling

Cement slurry is widely used in grouting reinforcement of coal mine floor. Under the action of water-force coupling, the floor of abandoned roadway reinforced by cement slurry is prone to damage. The failure characteristics of grouting concretion body under water-force coupling were studied by using RFPA software considering the heterogeneity of rock mass. The numerical simulation results show that the acoustic emission (AE) of numerical samples of the same strength with different lower boundary pressure decreases with the increase of lower boundary pressure, and the acoustic emission of numerical samples of the same lower boundary pressure with different strength increases with the increase of compressive strength. The lower the water pressure at the lower boundary is, the lower the softening degree of the sample is, and the sample is more prone to brittle fracture under external load. The numerical simulation results have important guiding significance for the grouting concretion body protection of coal mine floor in the future

Assessing temporal agreement between central and local progression-free survival times: D. ZENGET AL.

In oncology clinical trials, progression-free survival (PFS), generally defined as the time from randomization until disease progression (PD) or death, has been a key endpoint to support licensing approval (e.g. [1]). When PFS is the primary or co-primary endpoint, it is recommended to have tumor assessments verified by an independent review committee (IRC) blinded to study treatments, especially in open-label studies (see [1]). It is considered reassuring about the lack of reader-evaluation bias if treatment effect estimates from the investigators’ and IRCs’ evaluations agree. The agreement between these evaluations may vary for subjects with short or long PFS, while there exist no such statistical quantities that can completely account for this temporal pattern of agreements. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new method to assess temporal agreement between two time-to-event endpoints, while the two event times are assumed to have a positive probability of being identical. This method measures agreement in terms of the two event times being identical at a given time or both being greater than a given time. Overall scores of agreement over a period of time are also proposed. We propose a maximum likelihood estimation to infer the proposed agreement measures using empirical data, accounting for different censoring mechanisms, including reader's censoring (event from one reader dependently censored by event from the other reader). The proposed method is demonstrated to perform well in small-sample via extensive simulation studies and is illustrated through a head and neck cancer trial

Dietary menthol-induced TRPM8 activation enhances WAT “browning” and ameliorates diet-induced obesity

Beige adipocytes are a new type of recruitable brownish adipocytes, with highly mitochondrial membrane uncoupling protein 1 expression and thermogenesis. Beige adipocytes were found among white adipocytes, especially in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). Therefore, beige adipocytes may be involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and fat deposition. Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channel, plays vital roles in the regulation of various cellular functions. It has been reported that TRPM8 activation enhanced the thermogenic function of brown adiposytes. However, the involvement of TRPM8 in the thermogenic function of WAT remains unexplored. Our data revealed that TRPM8 was expressed in mouse white adipocytes at mRNA, protein and functional levels. The mRNA expression of Trpm8 was significantly increased in the differentiated white adipocytes than pre-adipocytes. Moreover, activation of TRPM8 by menthol enhanced the expression of thermogenic genes in cultured white aidpocytes. And menthol-induced increases of the thermogenic genes in white adipocytes was inhibited by either KT5720 (a protein kinase A inhibitor) or BAPTA-AM. In addition, high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice was significantly recovered by co-treatment with menthol. Dietary menthol enhanced WAT "browning" and improved glucose metabolism in HFD-induced obesity mice as well. Therefore, we concluded that TRPM8 might be involved in WAT "browning" by increasing the expression levels of genes related to thermogenesis and energy metabolism. And dietary menthol could be a novel approach for combating human obesity and related metabolic diseases

A rapid identification model of mine water inrush based on PSO-XGBoost

Mine water inrush is one of the main threats to mine safety production. Rapid analysis of the cause of water inrush and accurate identification of water inrush source are the key steps of mine water inrush disaster control. In order to effectively prevent and control mine water inrush disaster and identify mine water inrush source accurately and quickly, a mine water inrush source identification model (PSO-XGBoost) based on particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) and limit gradient lifting regression tree (XGBoost) was proposed. The efficiency and accuracy of water inrush source identification were further improved by the efficient parameter global search model, and the model was successfully applied to the Laohutai mine in Fushun coal field, Liaoning Province to verify the practicability of the model. Based on the spectral data of 40 groups of water samples from Laohutai mine, the original spectral data were preprocessed by multiple scattering correction, smoothing denoising, standardization and principal component analysis, and the training set and test set were divided according to the ratio of 7∶3 according to stratified random sampling. Secondly, the individual optimal value and the global optimal value of particles are initialized, and PSO is used to iteratively optimize seven parameters of XGBoost algorithm, such as learning_rate, n_estimatiors, max_depth, etc., to construct the classification and recognition model under the optimal parameter combination. To further investigate the superiority of the model, the average discrimination accuracy and log loss value were selected as evaluation indexes to compare the classification recognition results of PSO-XGBoost model with PSO-SVM and PSO-RF models, while the generalization ability of each model was evaluated by 100 repetitions of cross-validation. The comparison results showed that the average discrimination accuracies of XGBoost, PSO-SVM, PSO-RF and PSO-XGBoost models for the test set data were 87.76%, 87.56%, 91.67% and 91.67%, respectively. For repeated cross-validation, the average accuracy of XGBoost, PSO-SVM, PSO-RF, and PSO-XGBoost models were 87.76%, 87.56%, 90.63%, and 93.18%, respectively, with corresponding log-loss averages of 0.5453, 0.5460, 0.5623, and 0.4534, respectively. Comprehensive analysis of evaluation indexes shows that PSO-XGBoost model has higher discrimination accuracy and better generalization ability in mine water inrush source identification

Associations of Educational Attainment, Occupation, Social Class and Major Depressive Disorder among Han Chinese Women

Background The prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) is higher in those with low levels of educational attainment, the unemployed and those with low social status. However the extent to which these factors cause MDD is unclear. Most of the available data comes from studies in developed countries, and these findings may not extrapolate to developing countries. Examining the relationship between MDD and socio economic status in China is likely to add to the debate because of the radical economic and social changes occurring in China over the last 30 years. Principal findings We report results from 3,639 Chinese women with recurrent MDD and 3,800 controls. Highly significant odds ratios (ORs) were observed between MDD and full time employment (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.25–0.46, logP = 78), social status (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.77–0.87, logP = 13.3) and education attainment (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.86–0.90, logP = 6.8). We found a monotonic relationship between increasing age and increasing levels of educational attainment. Those with only primary school education have significantly more episodes of MDD (mean 6.5, P-value = 0.009) and have a clinically more severe disorder, while those with higher educational attainment are likely to manifest more comorbid anxiety disorders. Conclusions In China lower socioeconomic position is associated with increased rates of MDD, as it is elsewhere in the world. Significantly more episodes of MDD occur among those with lower educational attainment (rather than longer episodes of disease), consistent with the hypothesis that the lower socioeconomic position increases the likelihood of developing MDD. The phenomenology of MDD varies according to the degree of educational attainment: higher educational attainment not only appears to protect against MDD but alters its presentation, to a more anxious phenotype

Discrimination Methods of Mine Inrush Water Source

Ensuring mining safety and efficiency relies heavily on identifying the source of mine water inrush. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of standard methods used to pinpoint the origin of mine water inrush, highlighting the development and progress in the research of discrimination methods. These methods are systematically classified into various categories, encompassing hydrochemistry examination, water level and temperature analysis, geostatistical approaches, machine learning and deep learning methods, as well as the utilization of other analytical techniques. The review not only presents a quantitative and visual analysis of the theoretical methods proposed by scholars but also emphasizes their strengths, weaknesses, and applicability to various mining operations. Furthermore, it explores the increasing utilization of artificial neural networks and machine learning algorithms in source discrimination models, indicating the advancement in this area of research. To further advance the field, specific examples of these methods and their effectiveness in identifying the source of mine water inrush are provided, aiming to stimulate further research. The article also offers detailed recommendations for future research directions and emerging trends, underlining the importance of comprehensive multidisciplinary and multi-method analysis. It suggests exploring emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing, while emphasizing the need to develop more accurate and reliable models for source identification. The fusion of artificial intelligence (AI), heightened computational capabilities, online programming, and intelligent data collection systems presents the prospect of transforming the way industries respond to these critical events. By providing a comprehensive overview, analyzing the effectiveness of existing methods, and proposing future research directions, this review aims to contribute to the continuous development and progress of discrimination methods for mine water inrush incidents. Ultimately, it seeks to enhance mining safety and efficiency by facilitating the prompt and accurate identification of the sources of mine water inrush

Multi-Scenario Simulation of a Water–Energy Coupling System Based on System Dynamics: A Case Study of Ningbo City

In this work, based on the concept of collaborative water–energy development, a multi-scenario system dynamics simulation model of a water–energy coupling system was constructed by using the system dynamics modeling method. The model was composed of four subsystems: society, economic, water resources, and energy. Taking Ningbo City as the research location to run the simulation model, the analysis of the validity of the model showed that the relative error between the historical data and the simulation results of the model was less than 10%, which proved that the model passed the test. In this paper, based on the scenario of business an usual (BAU), three scenarios of water-saving scenario (WSS), energy-saving scenario (ESS), and comprehensive savings (CS, the comprehensive scenario considers water-saving and energy-saving together) were designed, and the simulation indexes in the three scenarios were refined in order to strengthen the control of water-saving policies, improve the effective use of water, optimize the industrial energy structure, improve the level of energy-saving-related technologies, and advance the urbanization process. The simulation results for Ningbo City from 2010 to 2030 show that the water–energy coupling system is affected by many factors, and the adjustment of a driving factor of any subsystem will have an impact on the water–energy coupling system. There are two driving factors: the first is a constant variable related to water resources, energy, society, and economic, and the second is a variable affected by time. The coupling system is based on the law of real development and is composed of causal and functional relationships between variables. Therefore, within the prediction range of 2030, the driving factors in the coupling system are controllable, and there is no uncontrollable situation. The strengthening of water-saving policies and the improvement of the coefficient of the effective utilization of water will have the optimal saving effects on water resources and energy at both the single and the coupling level; this also demonstrates that the water resource management in Ningbo City plays an extremely important role in the relationship of the water–energy coupling. The results of this study are expected to provide a valuable reference for the management and conservation of water–energy coupling in Ningbo City