3,125 research outputs found
A Physical Explanation for Tilde System in Thermo Field Dynamics
For a two-body quantum system, any pure state can be represented by a
biorthogonal expression by means of Schmidt decomposition. Using this in the
composite system which include a thermodynamic system and its surroundings, it
is found that the tilde system in thermo field dynamics is just the
surroundings of the real system.Comment: 10 pages. To be published in Modern Physics Letter
Protective Effect of Anthocyanins Extract from Blueberry on TNBS-Induced IBD Model of Mice
This study was carried out to evaluate the protective effect of anthocyanins extract of blueberry on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) model of mice. The study employed female C57BL/6 mice (n = 50), and colitis was induced by intracolonic injection of 0.5 mg of TNBS dissolved in 50% ethanol–phosphate buffered solution. The mice were divided into five groups (n = 10): vehicle, TNBS control and anthocyanins groups that received different doses of anthocyanins extract (10, 20 and 40 mg kg−1) daily for 6 days. Both increase in body weight and diarrhea symptoms were monitored each day. After 6 days, the animals were killed, and the following parameters were assessed: colon length, morphological score, histological score and biochemical assay (NO, myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin (IL)-12, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ). The results showed that the anthocyanins extract of blueberry rendered strong protection against TNBS-induced colonic damage at a dosage of 40 mg kg−1. When compared with the control, anthocyanins extract significantly prevented loss of body weight and ameliorated the scores of diarrhea, morphology and histology. Treatment with anthocyanins extract restored IL-10 excretion, as well as caused reduction in the levels of NO, MPO, IL-12, TNF-α and IFN-γ. Our research revealed the protective effect of anthocyanins extract from blueberry on TNBS-induced experimental colitis in mice, as well as examined whether high levels of dietary blueberries would lower the risk or have protective effects on human IBD, which may require further investigation
Superconductivity Induced by Site-Selective Arsenic Doping in MoSi
Arsenic doping in silicides has been much less studied compared with
phosphorus. In this study, superconductivity is successfully induced by As
doping in MoSi. The superconducting transition temperature ()
reaches 7.7 K, which is higher than those in previously known WSi-type
superconductors. MoSiAs is a type-II BCS superconductor with upper and
lower critical fields of 6.65 T and 22.4 mT, respectively. In addition, As
atoms are found to selectively take the 8 sites in MoSiAs. The
emergence of superconductivity is possibly due to the shift of Fermi level as a
consequence of As doping, as revealed by the specific heat measurements and
first-principles calculations. Our work provides not only another example of As
doping, but also a practical strategy to achieve superconductivity in silicides
through Fermi level engineering.Comment: Supporting Information available at the corresponding DO
Whole Genome Sequencing in Psychiatric Disorders: the WGSPD Consortium
As technology advances, whole genome sequencing (WGS) is likely to supersede other genotyping technologies. The rate of this change depends on its relative cost and utility. Variants identified uniquely through WGS may reveal novel biological pathways underlying complex disorders and provide high-resolution insight into when, where, and in which cell type these pathways are affected. Alternatively, cheaper and less computationally intensive approaches may yield equivalent insights. Understanding the role of rare variants in the noncoding gene-regulating genome, through pilot WGS projects, will be critical to determine which of these two extremes best represents reality. With large cohorts, well-defined risk loci, and a compelling need to understand the underlying biology, psychiatric disorders have a role to play in this preliminary WGS assessment. The WGSPD consortium will integrate data for 18,000 individuals with psychiatric disorders, beginning with autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, along with over 150,000 controls
A Miniature System for Separating Aerosol Particles and Measuring Mass Concentrations
We designed and fabricated a new sensing system which consists of two virtual impactors and two quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors for measuring particle mass concentration and size distribution. The virtual impactors utilized different inertial forces of particles in air flow to classify different particle sizes. They were designed to classify particle diameter, d, into three different ranges: d < 2.28 μm, 2.28 μm ≤ d ≤ 3.20 μm, d > 3.20 μm. The QCM sensors were coated with a hydrogel, which was found to be a reliable adhesive for capturing aerosol particles. The QCM sensor coated with hydrogel was used to measure the mass loading of particles by utilizing its characteristic of resonant frequency shift. An integrated system has been demonstrated
Strong-Coupling Superconductivity with 10.8 K Induced by P Doping in the Topological Semimetal MoSi
By performing P doping on the Si sites in the topological semimetal
MoSi, we discover strong-coupling superconductivity in
MoSiP (0.5 2.0). MoSi crystallizes in
the WSi-type structure with space group of (No. 140), and is
not a superconductor itself. Upon P doping, the lattice parameter decreases
while increases monotonously. Bulk superconductivity is revealed in
MoSiP (0.5 2.0) from resistivity,
magnetization, and heat capacity measurements. in
MoSiP reaches as high as 10.8 K, setting a new record among
the WSi-type superconductors. The upper and lower critical fields for
MoSiP are 14.56 T and 105 mT, respectively. Moreover,
MoSiP is found to be a fully gapped superconductor with
strong electron-phonon coupling. First-principles calculations suggest that the
enhancement of electron-phonon coupling is possibly due to the shift of the
Fermi level, which is induced by electron doping. The calculations also reveal
the nontrivial band topology in MoSi. The and upper critical
field in MoSiP are fairly high among pseudobinary compounds.
Both of them are higher than those in NbTi, making future applications
promising. Our results suggest that the WSi-type compounds are ideal
platforms to search for new superconductors. By examinations of their band
topologies, more candidates for topological superconductors can be expected in
this structural family.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary Information availabe at the
corresponding DO
Comparison of the Effects of Propofol and Midazolam on Inflammation and Oxidase Stress in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
*These authors contributed equally to this work. ∙ The authors have no financial conflicts of interest. Purpose: To investigate and compare the effects of propofol and midazolam on inflammation and oxidase stress in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two ASA class I-II children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery were randomly divided into two groups: propofol combined with low dose fentanyl (PF group, n = 16) and midazolam combined with low dose fentanyl (MF group, n = 16). Tracheal extubation time and length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay were recorded. Blood samples were taken before operation (T0), at 2 h after release of the aorta cross-clamp (T3) and at 24 h after operation (T4) to measure interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Myocardium samples were collected at 10-20 min after aorta cross-clamp (T1) and at 10
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