Assessing the Impact of Mobile Attackers on RPL-based Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming ubiquitous in our daily life. IoT networks that are made up of devices low power, low memory, and low computing capability appears in many applications such as healthcare, home, agriculture. IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network (RPL) has become a standardized routing protocol for such low-power and lossy networks in IoT. RPL establishes the best routes between devices according to the requirements of the application, which is achieved by the Objective Function (OF). Even though some security mechanisms are defined for external attackers in its RFC, RPL is vulnerable to attacks coming from inside. Moreover, the same attacks could has different impacts on networks with different OFs. Therefore, an analysis of such attacks becomes important in order to develop suitable security solutions for RPL. This study analyze RPL-specific attacks on networks using RPL's default OFs, namely Objective Function Zero (OF0) and the Minimum Rank with Hysteresis Objective Function (MRHOF). Moreover, mobile attackers could affect more nodes in a network due to their mobility. While the security solutions proposed in the literature assume that the network is static, this study takes into account mobile attackers.Comment: 11 pages,3 figures, Journa

Length-weight relationships of 28 fish species caught from demersal trawl survey in the Middle Black Sea, Turkey

This study provides updated the length-weight relationships and Fulton's condition factor of 28 fish species belonging to 23 families from the Black Sea. Samples were collected along the depths between 0-100 meters by demersal trawl surveys conducted seasonally from May 2017 to September 2019. A total of 83,885 specimens were collected. The length-weight relationships and Fulton's condition factor, minimum, maximum and mean lengths, total weights, descriptive statistics, and growth type were provided for all the species. The results indicate that LWR parameters of b varied from 2.2039 to 3.737 and Fulton's condition factor varied between 0.004 and 1.18. These findings could be useful for monitoring and management of sustainable fisheries and habitat health

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

The impact of the regularization on the economic analysis of rooftop rainwater harvesting system

In this study, the economic feasibility of rooftop rainwater harvesting of residential and public/commercial buildings for all 81 provinces of Türkiye is assessed. The Rippl method (RM) is used for optimal storage tank estimation. The net present value (NPV) and the discounted payback period (DPP) are used for economic analysis. Two scenarios were assessed using RM for (I) residential buildings and (II) public buildings. Optimal storage tanks for scenarios I and II were estimated by the selection of minimum roof areas to supply the demand for toilet flushing water for above 90% volumetric reliability. ArcGIS 10.2 was used to illustrate nationwide results of (1) roof areas and storage tank volumes, and (2) the economic analysis. The average DPP of rainwater harvesting system is 36 years for residential buildings and 23 years for public buildings. Based on NPV analysis, 17 out of 81 provinces are economically feasible for residential buildings. The feasibility status in public buildings is 43 economically feasible and 38 infeasible. More savings in public buildings can be obtained in a relatively shorter DPP. Furthermore, regularization is more effective in public buildings than residential buildings. HIGHLIGHTS Rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRH) potential is assessed for all 81 provinces of Türkiye.; Toilet flush water demand for residential and public buildings is assessed.; 17 out of 81 provinces are feasible for RRH in residential buildings.; 43 out of 81 provinces are feasible for RRH in public/commercial buildings.; Regularization has a significant impact on the economic analysis of RRH.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FLOW REGIMES FOR THE EXAMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS

WOS: 000417183100011The management of the water resources is an important issue in the countries around the world because it depends on many variables. Prior to the growing environmental awareness, flow rate and regime are critical components of water supply, water quality, and the ecological integrity of river systems. Environmental flow may be described as the required stream flow quantity to support the ecological activity in a river system. While environmental flow assessment provides protection and use balance over the water resources and it also reduces the natural and artificial effects that caused of deterioration of the natural condition of the rivers. There are only a few environmental flow assessment studies in Turkey. In this paper, daily flow data has been used to determine the flow regimes in order to have some idea about the environmental flow. For this purpose, common methods such as original Tennant method, modified Tennant method, wetted perimeter method, 7Q10 and Q95 have been examined. Daily flow data has been obtained from three gauging stations located in Great Menderes Basin. The first one (07-30) is unregulated, the second is regulated (07-04) and the third one is indirectly regulated (07-71) gauging stations. As a result of this study, particular methods have more reliability and might be more appropriate for each case. The modified Tennant method could be selected as the most practical method for the measured data of flow rates in unregulated gauging station. Q95 method can be used for the other two stations.Selcuk University Scientific Research Project FundSelcuk University [BAP13101008]This research has been supported by Selcuk University Scientific Research Project Fund (BAP13101008)

Relationship between Real Oil Price and Real Exchange Rate: the case of Turkey

For developing countries like Turkey which lack of sufficient amount of oil and energy resources, real exchange rate and real oil prices are important for sustainable economic growth rate. The academic accounts focusing on the fluctuation in both factors in the oil exporting and developed countries also show that real oil prices are influential in determining the real exchange rates. There are only a few works on the developing countries. In the non-oil exporting-developing countries, real oil price is affected by the fluctuations in the real exchange rate which require changes to the macro-economic policies. This paper investigates the long-run relationship between real oil prices and real exchange rates by using a monthly data from 02:2001 to 07:2011. In the work, cointegration with structural breaks tests by Perron veKejriwal (2009) are used