Assessment of the possibility of modernizing a space charge lens for focusing beams of negative hydrogen ions due to confinement of positive background ions by an alternating electric field

The work is devoted to considering the possibility of improving the focusing properties of a space charge lens due to charge retention of positive ions by an electric field that varies both in time and along the axis of the system. Numerical calculations of motion trajectories of positive argon ion during interaction with an alternating electric field with oscillation frequencies in the range of 1…8 MHz and amplitude in the range of 1.5…6 kV were carried out. A significant increase in the residence time of positive argon ion in the overcompensated beam of negative hydrogen ions is shown, which indicates the possibility of significant influencing focusing charge in the lens for focusing beams of negative hydrogen ions.Розглядаються можливості покращення фокусуючої властивості лінзи з просторовим зарядом за рахунок утримання заряду позитивних іонів електричним полем, змінним як у часі так і вздовж вісі системи. Проведені чисельні розрахунки траекторій руху позитивного іону аргону при взаємодії зі змінним електричним полем з частотами коливань в межах 1…8 МГц та з амплітудою в межах 1,5…6 кВ. Показане значне зростання часу перебування позитивного іону аргону в перекомпенсованому пучку негативних іонів водню. Останнє вказує на можливість суттєво впливати на величину фокусуючого заряду в лінзі для фокусування пучків негативних іонів водню

Technological accelerator with closed electron drift for surface treatment

Now the technologies of functional covers deriving on large surfaces intensively are developed. For these purposes the plasma sputtering systems of magnetron, vacuum - arc, electron -beam and other types are effectively used. The quality of cover largely depends on preliminary treatment of a surface - its clearing and activation. In the paper is shown, that the anode layer thruster (or the anode layer accelerator – ALA) intensively cleans a surface of target body in a narrow pressure range of working gas in a system. On absolute rate of cleaning (~ 1 nm/s) ALA do not concede to a Kaufman sources. The injection of gas in the accelerator through electrodes with success can be replaced by injection immediately in volume. In this case the rates of sputtering increase approximately twice. The optimal pressure for cleaning essentially will increase, that does ALA compatible with a magnetron on pressure of working gases

Non-linear electron structures in high-current plasma lens

We describe the experimental investigations of the dispersion characteristics of the electron oscillations excited owing to drift instability in high-current plasma lens (PL). The experiments were carried out using the heavy ion beams of copper or carbon with energy up to 18 keV, beam current up to 0,5 A, duration 100 mks produced by the MEVVA kind ion source. It is shown that the noise electrostatic potential oscillations arise in middle plane of the lens under passing ion beam through plasma lens. These noises in range of 0,25÷2 MHz have a regular structure with stationary amplitude depending on ion beam current value. On their background a comparable low-intensity high-frequencies noises in range 20÷50 MHz is also observed. We show that the regular structure is represented by waves that drift along azimuth and have a clear spatial localization on considerable radius from plasma lens axis. Experimental results are in accordance with theoretical analysis showing an appearance of nonlinear electron vortices structures for these conditions

История развития лазера и особенности его применения

The paper describes the historical aspects of the study of light and electrical phenomenathat contribute to the emergence of the laser and the development of laser technology. Theprinciple of operation of the laser is presented, the main types and characteristics of lasers arelisted. The dependence of the radiation power on the laser wavelength is shown. It is told aboutvarious fields of application of lasers. The list of modern scientific literature with technologicalparameters of laser processing of various materials is given.В работе описаны исторические аспекты изучения световых и электрических явлений,способствующих возникновению лазера и развития лазерной техники. Представлен прин-цип действия лазера, перечислены основные типы и характеристики лазеров. Показаназависимость мощности излучения от длины волны лазера. Рассказано о различных обла-стях применения лазеров. Приведен список современной научной литературы с техноло-гическими параметрами лазерной обработки различных материалов