Absorbed Dose Uncertainty Estimation for Proton Therapy

Successful radiotherapy treatment depends on the absorbed dose evaluation and the possibility to define metrological characteristics of the therapy beam. Radiotherapy requires tumor dose delivery with expanded uncertainty less than +/- 5 %. It is particularly important to reduce uncertainty during therapy beam calibration as well as to apply all necessary ionization chamber correction factors. Absorbed dose to water was determined using ionometric method. Calibration was performed in reference cobalt beam. Combined standard uncertainty of the calculated absorbed dose to water in 65 MeV proton beam was +/- 1.97% while the obtained expanded uncertainty of absorbed dose for the same beam quality was +/- 5.02%. The uncertainty estimation method has been developed within the project TESLA

Multiply charged ions from solid substances with the mVINIS Ion Source

We have used the well known metal-ions-from-volatile-compounds (MIVOC) method at the mVINIS Ion Source to produce the multiply charged ion beams form solid substances. Based on this method the very intense and stable multiply charged ion beams of several solid substances having the high melting points were extracted. The ion yields and the spectra of multiply charged ion beams obtained from solid materials like Fe and Hf will be presented. We have utilized the multiply charged ion beams from solid substances to irradiate the polymers, fullerenes and glassy carbon at the low energy channel for modification of materials.13th International Conference on Physics of Highly Charged Ions, Aug 28-Sep 01, 2006, Queens Univ, Belfast, Irelan

Upgrading the ECR ion source within FAMA

Recent upgrading of the Facility for Modification and Analysis of Materials with Ion Beams-FAMA, in the Laboratory of Physics of the Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, included the modernization of its electron cyclotron resonance ion source. Since the old ion source was being extensively used for more than 15 years for production of multiply charged ions from gases and solid substances, its complete reconstruction was needed. The main goal was to reconstruct its plasma and injection chambers and magnetic structure, and thus intensify the production of multiply charged ions. Also, it was decided to refurbish its major subsystems the vacuum system, the microwave system, the gas inlet system, the solid substance inlet system, and the control system. All these improvements have resulted in a substantial increase of ion beam currents, especially in the case of high charge states, with the operation of the ion source proven to be stable and reproducible

Upgrading of the CAPRICE type ECR ion source

The CAPRICE-type ECR ion source mVINIS has been upgraded by increasing its magnetic field to improve a plasma confinement and thereby enhance the source performance. This modification made it also possible to increase the internal diameter of the plasma chamber and to replace the coaxial microwave input by a waveguide. Some major subsystems such as: the vacuum system, the microwave system, the gas inlet system, the solid substance inlet system, and the control system have been also refurbished. All these improvements have resulted in a substantial increase of ion beam currents, especially in the case of high charge states, with the operation of the ion source proven to be stable and reproducible. This modification can be applied to other CAPRICE-type ion sources. © 2018 Author(s).17th International Conference on Ion Sources 2018; Geneva's International Conference Centre Geneva; Switzerland; 15 September 2017 through 20 September 2017; Code 13992

Optimization of the mVINIS ion source extraction system

The ion-optical properties of the single gap extraction system of the mVINIS ion source are investigated. The pepper-pot method was used to measure the effective emittances of the ion beams extracted from the plasma. The emittances have been analyzed as functions of the extraction electrode position for various charge states of the ion species. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics.10th International Conference on Ion Sources, Sep 08-13, 2003, Dubna, Russi

Application of ECR ion sources for surface modification of materials

Electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRIS) have been used primarily as injectors for cyclotrons and linear accelerators. Significant improvement of their performance iii the last two decades and substantial reduction of their price and running cost have opened the new fields of their application. In this paper we describe the applications of ECRIS in the field of surface modification of materials, which represent a relatively novel approach. The major advantages of these sources when compared to other sources applied in this field are: production of multiply charged ions, wide range of ion species obtained from gaseous and solid substances, and uninterrupted stable operation in a long period of time. New types of low power consumption ECR ion sources, with the magnetic structure made entirely of permanent magnets, are well suited for the applications using high voltage platforms, e.g., for ion implantation.16th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry, Nov 01-05, 2000, Univ North Texas, Denton, T

Production of multiply charged ion beams from solid substances with the mVINIS ion source

The mVINIS ion source has enabled us to obtain multiply charged ion beams from gases as well as from solid materials. The solid substance ion beams were produced by using two techniques: (a) the evaporation of metals by using the inlet system based on a minioven and (b) the metal-ions-from-volatile-compounds method (MIVOC) by using the modified gas inlet system. Great efforts were made in the production of high current stable ion beams of solids with relatively C ion-beam current of over 300 mu A was one of the most high melting points (over 1000 degrees C). The B3+ intensive beams extracted until now. The obtained multiply charged ion-beam spectra of solid substances (B, Fe, and Zn) are presented as well as some of the corresponding experimental results achieved during the modification of polymers, carbon materials, and fullerenes. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.11th International Conference on Ion Sources, Sep 12-16, 2005, Caen, Franc

Progress report on the mVINIS ion source

The mVINIS ion source is one of the major machines of the TESLA Accelerator Installation, at the Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences. It is an electron cyclotron resonance ion source with multiple applications. It can serve as an injector for an isochronous cyclotron providing heavy ions for several high energy experimental channels (radiation physics, radiation biology, physics of thin crystals, nuclear physics) or as a stand alone machine directly delivering multiply charged ions to the low energy experimental channels (physics of multiply charged ions, surface physics, surface modification of materials). This article describes the completion of mVINIS that included the finalization of its safety and control systems, the fine adjusting and calibration of its gas inlet system, and the installation of the solid substance inlet system. The recent results obtained with ion beams produced from gases and solid substances are presented, showing the wide capabilities of this machine. The ion beams obtained from mVINIS have been used in the channel for modification of materials since May 1998. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0034-6748(00)63002-2]

The L3A facility at the Vinca Institute: Surface modification of materials, by heavy ion beams from an electron cyclotron resonance ion source

This article describes the L3A experimental facility for surface modification of materials at the Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, in Belgrade. This facility was completed and put into operation in May 1998. It is connected to the mVINIS ion source, an electron cyclotron resonance ion source capable of producing a wide range of multiply charged ions from gaseous and solid substances. The heavy ion beams obtained from mVINIS are separated by charge to mass ratio (q/m) and transported to the target chamber for sample irradiation and modification. The target chamber is equipped with a multipurpose target holder, an electron-beam evaporation source for thin layer deposition, a residual gas analyzer, and other auxiliary equipment. There is also an additional low energy argon ion source for target preparation/sputtering and for ion beam assisted deposition. In this article we describe the layout and performances of the L3A facility, the experience gained during 1 yr of operation, and the requirements imposed by the current and future experimental programs. Currently, there are 24 experimental programs competing for the ion beam time at the L3A facility. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0034-6748(00)59102-3]

Design of the channel for irradiation of materials with highly charged ion beams obtained from the mVINIS ion source

The low-energy part of the TESLA Accelerator Installation comprises an electron cyclotron resonance ion source (the mVINIS ion source) and the channel for modification of materials (L3A). The L3A channel is long and has low beam transmission (30%-50%), so it is not suitable for high fluence implantations (over 10(16) cm(-2)). Therefore, we are planning to introduce an experimental channel (L4), close to the mVINIS Ion Source, where we shall be able to achieve high beam currents on the target and, consequently, irradiation of materials to high fluences. During the ion implantation, we shall be able to measure fluence rate, achieve uniform fluence distribution by a mechanism for x and y sample movements, and control the sample temperature in the range of 0-200 degrees C. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.11th International Conference on Ion Sources, Sep 12-16, 2005, Caen, Franc