Demographic effects on attitudes toward dating violence and the need for legal protections.

Dating violence among college students, whether physical, sexual, or psychological is a serious problem with limited legal resources available for victims. Studies have shown that one in four undergraduate students is in an abusive dating relationship. In Kentucky, individuals in a dating relationship are not eligible to receive civil protective orders, leaving them without legal protection from abusive partners. A fifty‐question survey was administered to 200 students enrolled in Justice Administration courses at the University of Louisville to determine what demographic factors might be related to attitudes toward abuse in dating relationships and whether or not dating partners should have legal protection from such abuse. The findings suggested that the gender of the perpetrator as well as gender of the respondent were related to perceptions of reported attitudes toward dating abuse but none of the demographic factors measured predicted attitudes toward legal protections defined as the use of Emergency Protective Orders (EPO’s) in cases of abuse

A stochastic model of the influence of buffer gas collisions on Mollow spectra

In this paper we consider the influence of collisional fluctuations on the Mollow spectra of resonance fluorescence (RF). The fluctuations are taken into account by a simple shift of the constant detuning, involved in a set of optical Bloch equations by collision frequency noise which is modelled by a two-step random telegraph signal (RTS). We consider in detail the Mollow spectra for RF in the case of an arbitrary detuning of the laser frequency, where the emitter is a member of a statistical ensemble in thermodynamic equilibrium with the buffer gas at temperature $T$ which is treated as a colored environment, and velocity $v$ is distributed with the Maxwell-Boltzmann density

Dissipation and adhesion hysteresis between (010) forsterite surfaces using molecular-dynamics simulation and the Jarzynski equality

Dissipation and adhesion are important in many areas of materials science, including friction and lubrication, cold spray deposition, and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). Another interesting problem is the adhesion of mineral grains during the early stages of planetesimal formation in the early solar system. Molecular-dynamics (MD) simulation has often been used to elucidate dissipative properties, most often in the simulation of sliding friction. In this paper, we demonstrate how the reversible and irreversible work associated with interactions between planar surfaces can be calculated using the dynamical contact simulation approach based on MD and empirical potentials. Moreover, it is demonstrated how the approach can obtain the free-energy $\Delta A(z)$ as a function of separation between two slabs using the Jarzynksi equality applied to an ensemble of trajectories which deviate significantly from equilibrium. Furthermore, the dissipative work can also be obtained using this method without the need to compute an entire cycle from approach to retraction. It is expected that this technique might be used to efficiently compute dissipative properties which might enable the use of more accurate approaches including density-functional theory. In this paper, we present results obtained for forsterite surfaces both with and without MgO-vacancy surface defects. It is shown that strong dissipation is possible when MgO-vacancy defects are present. The mechanism for strong dissipation is connected to the tendency of less strongly-bound surface units to undergo large displacements including mass transfer between the two surfaces. Systems with strong dissipation tend to exhibit a long-tailed distribution rather than the Gaussian distribution often anticipated in near-equilibrium applications of the JE.Comment: 26 pages, 15 figure

Achieving sub-diffraction imaging through bound surface states in negative-refracting photonic crystals at the near-infrared

We report the observation of imaging beyond the diffraction limit due to bound surface states in negative refraction photonic crystals. We achieve an effective negative index figure-of-merit [-Re(n)/Im(n)] of at least 380, ~125x improvement over recent efforts in the near-infrared, with a 0.4 THz bandwidth. Supported by numerical and theoretical analyses, the observed near-field resolution is 0.47 lambda, clearly smaller than the diffraction limit of 0.61 lambda. Importantly, we show this sub-diffraction imaging is due to the resonant excitation of surface slab modes, allowing refocusing of non-propagating evanescent waves

Implementasi dan Analisis Purwarupa Sistem Collision Avoidance pada Mobil Pintar Berbasis Jaringan Sensor Nirkabel

Kecelakaan menjadi penyebab tertinggi ketiga kematian di dunia. Melaui sistem collision avoidance yang diterapkan pada mobil pintar, diharapkan agar kecelakaan pada mobil dapat terhindarkan dan angka kecelakaan dapat berkurang. Sistem ini menerapkan konsep Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), jenis jaringan yang dapat melalukan proses sensing, pengiriman data, serta monitoring melalui koneksi internet.Perancangan dan implementasi purwarupa collision avoidance pada mobil pintar ini bekerja dengan cara mendapatkan jarak antar mobil yang didapat dari sensor Ultrasonik HC-SR04 yang kemudian menjadi input Arduino untuk mengatur kecepatan optimal mobil agar tidak terjadi tabrakan. Komunikasi antar mobil menggunakan Xbee S2 yang dihubungkan ke Raspberry Pi untuk dikoneksikan ke web server. Informasi yang didapat berupa jarak dan kecepatan mobil akan ditampilkan pada website yang dapat diakses oleh pengguna.Hasil pengujian didapatkan jangkauan maksimal Xbee S2 adalah 89 meter. Nilai delay dari sensor hingga sistem monitoring didapatkan rata-rata 0,411 detik, sedangkan nilai throughput rata-rata adalah 641,73 bytes/s

Implementasi dan Analisis Purwarupa Sistem Collision Avoidance pada Mobil Pintar Berbasis Jaringan Sensor Nirkabel

Kecelakaan menjadi penyebab tertinggi ketiga kematian di dunia. Melaui sistem collision avoidance yang diterapkan pada mobil pintar, diharapkan agar kecelakaan pada mobil dapat terhindarkan dan angka kecelakaan dapat berkurang. Sistem ini menerapkan konsep Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), jenis jaringan yang dapat melalukan proses sensing, pengiriman data, serta monitoring melalui koneksi internet.Perancangan dan implementasi purwarupa collision avoidance pada mobil pintar ini bekerja dengan cara mendapatkan jarak antar mobil yang didapat dari sensor Ultrasonik HC-SR04 yang kemudian menjadi input Arduino untuk mengatur kecepatan optimal mobil agar tidak terjadi tabrakan. Komunikasi antar mobil menggunakan Xbee S2 yang dihubungkan ke Raspberry Pi untuk dikoneksikan ke web server. Informasi yang didapat berupa jarak dan kecepatan mobil akan ditampilkan pada website yang dapat diakses oleh pengguna.Hasil pengujian didapatkan jangkauan maksimal Xbee S2 adalah 89 meter. Nilai delay dari sensor hingga sistem monitoring didapatkan rata-rata 0,411 detik, sedangkan nilai throughput rata-rata adalah 641,73 bytes/s

Effects of Physical Conditioning on Intercollegiate Golfer Performance

This investigation was conducted to determine the effects of a physical conditioning program on clubhead speed, consistency, and putting distance control in 10 men and 6 women National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I golfers. Supervised strength, power, and flexibility training was performed 3 times per week for 11 weeks. Performance tests were conducted before and after the training period. Significant (p \u3c 0.05) increases were noted for all strength, power, and flexibility tests from pre- to posttraining of between 7.3 and 19.9%. Clubhead speed in- creased significantly (1.6%), equating to approximately a 4.9-m increase in driving distance. Putting distance control significantly improved for the men-only group (29.6%), whereas there was no significant difference in putting distance control for the total and women-only groups. Eleven weeks of golf-specific physical conditioning increased clubhead speed without a negative effect on consistency or putting distance control in intercollegiate men and women golfers

Interfacial Layers between Ion and Water Detected by Terahertz Spectroscopy

Dynamic fluctuations in hydrogen-bond network of water occur from femto- to nano-second timescale and provides insights into structural/dynamical aspects of water at ion-water interfaces. Employing terahertz spectroscopy assisted with molecular dynamics simulations, we study aqueous chloride solutions of five monovalent cations, namely, Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs. We show that ions modify the behavior of surrounding water molecules and form interfacial layers of water around them with physical properties distinct from that of bulk water. Small cations with high charge densities influence the kinetics of water well beyond the first solvation shell. At terahertz frequencies, we observe an emergence of fast relaxation processes of water with their magnitude following the ionic order Cs>Rb>K>Na>Li, revealing an enhanced population density of weakly coordinated water at ion-water interface. The results shed light on the structure breaking tendency of monovalent cations and provide insights into the properties of ionic solutions at the molecular level