Pyramiding multiple genes for resistance to PVY, TSWV and PMMoV in pepper using molecular markers

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important vegetables cultivated worldwide. Many pests and pathogens cause economic yield losses in pepper. Potato virus Y (PVY), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) are considered among the most destructive viruses affecting pepper in the world. Because chemical treatments have limited success for managing PVY, TSWV and PMMoV, resistant varieties are considered to be the most effective means of controlling these viruses. In this study, resistance genes to these viruses were successfully transferred to the superior sweet Charleston pepper line 'Y-CAR' using molecular markers and biological assays. As a result, a new line which is resistant to PVY, TSWV and PMMoV was developed. The results also showed the applicability of a pyramiding strategy for breeding multiple virus resistance in pepper. © Verlag Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TEYDEP foundation (3080171

Studies on the possibility of pheromone traps in observing of Heliothis armigera HBN. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) population in cotton fields

Yeşilkurt, Heliothis armigera Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), pamuk alanlarının önemli zararlılardan biridir. Zararlının popülasyon değişimini izlemede eşeysel çekici feromon tuzakların kullanım imkanlarını ve tuzaklarda yakalanan H. armigera ergin sayısı ile tarladaki larva yoğunluğu arasında ilişki olup olmadığını saptamak amacıyla çalışmalar 1997 ve 1998 yıllarında Hatay ilinde yürütülmüştür. Hatay ilinde iki pamuk tarlası belirlenmiş ve her tarlaya ikişer adet Funnel, Delta ve Kanat tipi eşeysel çekici feromon tuzak yerleştirilmiştir. Tuzaklarda yakalanan kelebek sayıları haftalık sayımlarla belirlenmiştir. Tuzakların yerleştirildiği pamuk tarlalarının üç ayrı yerinde 3’er m sıra uzunluğundaki yeşilkurt larvaları da sayılmıştır. Çalışmalardan elde edilen verilere göre, en fazla kelebek yakalaması Funnel tipi tuzakta gerçekleşmiş ve Funnel tipi tuzakların H. armigera’nın ergin populasyon takibinde kullanılabileceği ortaya konmuştur. Tuzaklarda yakalanan ergin sayısı ile tarladaki larva yoğunluğu arasındaki ilişki genelde zayıf bulunmuştur.Heliothis armigera Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the most important pests in cotton fields. This study was carried out in the years of 1997 and 1998 in Hatay Province in order to find out the possibility of pheromone traps in observing the population range of H. armigera and to determine the relationship between trapped adult H. armigera and their larvae intensity in the cotton fields. Experiments were conducted in two locations with 2 cotton fields. “Funnel”, “Delta” and “Wing” type pheromone traps were used in the experiments. Two of each pheromone traps were placed in the cotton fields. Trapped adults were counted at weekly intervals. The larvae in the fields were counted on three rows (each 3 m. long) randomly selected on three different plots of every cotton field. The Funnel type pheromone traps resulted in the highest number of trapped adults. Also, it appeared that Funnel traps could be used successfully in observing H.armigera population. There was a weak relationship between trapped adults and larvae intensity in the cotton fields

Pyramiding multiple genes for resistance to PVY, TSWV and PMMoV in pepper using molecular markers

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important vegetables cultivated worldwide. Many pests and pathogens cause economic yield losses in pepper. Potato virus Y (PVY), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) are considered among the most destructive viruses affecting pepper in the world. Because chemical treatments have limited success for managing PVY, TSWV and PMMoV, resistant varieties are considered to be the most effective means of controlling these viruses. In this study, resistance genes to these viruses were successfully transferred to the superior sweet Charleston pepper line 'Y-CAR' using molecular markers and biological assays. As a result, a new line which is resistant to PVY, TSWV and PMMoV was developed. The results also showed the applicability of a pyramiding strategy for breeding multiple virus resistance in pepper. © Verlag Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TEYDEP foundation (3080171