6 research outputs found
ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― Π‘Π’Π ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠ€ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ― (ΠΠ Π£ΠΠΠ« Π) ΠΠ―ΠΠΠΠ₯ Π’ΠΠΠΠΠ Π Π₯ΠΠ Π£Π ΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ Π‘Π’ΠΠ¦ΠΠΠΠΠ Π Π. ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ«
Aim. To study features and risk factorsΒ of soft tissue's invasive streptococcal infection in surgical unit's patients: a) emm-types of the most often recovered streptococcus; b) human immune response for streptococcal antigens (streptolysin-O and the group A carbohydrate antigen); c) main patient's conditions that complicate the course of soft tissue's streptococcal infection. Patients and methods. 101 surgical unit's patients with soft tissue's infection, which group A streptococcal (GAS) nature, were examined. Emm-types were determined by comparison of emm gene sequenced part with data of CDC Streptococcus Laboratory. ASO and specific anti-group-carbohydrate IgM were measured with photometry and ELISA accordingly.Β Patientβs personal data were analyzed by standard statistical programs. Results. Among 34 emm-types of all streptococcal isolates emm28 and emm64 were registered only in invasive infection.Β Emm-types 1, 49, 60, 66, 77, 84, 88 were most often. Among 23 sera from invasive GAS-infection's patients, 15 (65%) were ASO-negative, 6 (26%) were ASO-low-positive, and 2 (8%) were positive, but negative for the anti-group-A-carbohydrate IgM. Conclusion. Lower levels of the humoral immune response as well as risk factors such as trauma, alcoholism, diabetes, chronic venous insufficiency contributed to development of severe forms of GAS-infection. The main streptococcal emm-types for soft tissue's invasive GAS infection in one of Moscow surgical unit's patients in 2008-2011 were registered.Β Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ²: Π°)emm-ΡΠΈΠΏΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²; Π±)ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°Β Π½Π° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ° (ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ½-Π, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄); Π²)ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ° (101ΡΠ΅Π».), Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π. Emm-ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π° emm Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
emm-ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² CDC. Π ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π° (IgM) ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ (ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ€Π) ΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ½Ρ-Π (ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ). ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
34-Ρ
emm-ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ² 28-ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ 64-ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ.Β ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ emm-ΡΠΈΠΏΡ 1, 49, 60, 66, 77, 84, 88. ΠΠ· 23 ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π² 15-ΡΠΈ (65%) ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π³ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ½-Π, Π² 6-ΡΠΈ (26%)Β Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ, Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
(8%) ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π³ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Β Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄.Β ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΡ, Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ, Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π³ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ°. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ emm-ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ°, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Β ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π) ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Π³.ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Ρ (2008-2011Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ).
ΠΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π‘Π¨Π ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π½Π°Π΄Ρ
The purpose of the study is to determine the culture-specific features of legal terminology of the American and Canadian English varieties. A part of the study was devoted to analysing the historical context around the formation of judicial and legal systems in the USA and Canada. Scientific novelty lies in the fact that the comparative analysis of legal terms belonging to genetically similar judicial and legal
systems was based on the principle of taking into account the influence of extralinguistic factors
on the patterns of functioning of terms; the main parameters of comparison of legal terminology and
its classification were determined. As a result of the comparative analysis, it has been proved that the discrepancies concern both the form and the content of the vocabulary in question.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°. Π§Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π» Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π‘Π¨Π ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π½Π°Π΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ
ΠΠΠ«Π’ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ Π‘ Π’ΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π Π Π‘Π£ΠΠ’ΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ¨ΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠ
Total and subtotal intestinal aganglionosis (hypogangliosis) is a severe and potentially lethal condition related to neuromuscular intestinal diseases. Some authors consider it as a rare, atypical and most severe form of rectocolic aganglionosis which constitutes 1% of all cases related to the disease [6,7,8]. According to meta-analysis performed by Ruttenstock, 68 patients with total aganglionosis were found in the world literature for 2009 [8]. Different surgical methods (Martin, Kimura, Zigler procedures (extended myectomy and myotomy), bringing down the ileum with formation of ileoanal anastomosis, Bianchiβs plasty and STEP-procedure, intestinal transplantation) are proposed for treatment of total intestinal aganglionosis; however, none of them were considered as superior to the others [3,6,8]. The article describes three clinical cases of total and subtotal intestinal aganglionosis in patients of the neonatal surgery department of Filatov Moscow Pediatric Clinical Hospital No. 13 in 2015-2016. According to our experience, the tactics of sparing resection with preservation of the small intestine maximum length is being optimal. However, it doesnβt exclude the need for durative parenteral nutritional support. Using domestic parenteral nutrition in the management of this group of patients is pharmaco-economically viable.Π’ΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π³Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ· (Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ³Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ·) ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ, Π°ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΠΠΈΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ½Π³Π°, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ 1% Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ [1, 2, 3]. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ruttenstock, Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π° 2009 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ 68 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π°Π³Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ [3]. ΠΠ»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π³Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ: ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ° Π¦ΠΈΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠ° (ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ-ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ), Π½ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ·Π°, ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΈ ΠΈ STEP-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π°Π΄ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ [1, 3, 4]. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π³Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠΠΠ β 13 ΠΈΠΌ. Π.Π€. Π€ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π² 2015-2016 Π³Π³. Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ