Unilateral hemothorax in a 46 year old South Indian male due to a giant arteriovenous hemodialysis fistula: a case report

In a patient undergoing regular hemodialysis through an arteriovenous fistula access, pleural effusion is a known long term complication. However, a unilateral hemothorax is relatively uncommon. Here we report a 46 year old male, end-stage renal disease patient, on maintenance hemodialysis, who presented with a giant brachiocephalic AV fistula in his left arm and progressive breathlessness. Radiological imaging revealed a left sided pleural effusion. Ultrasound guided aspiration revealed a hemorrhagic pleural fluid. A Doppler study of the fistula revealed a high velocity blood flow through the fistula, thereby establishing the cause of the unilateral hemothorax. Ligation of the fistula resulted in complete resolution of the hemothorax. The other possible causes for hemothorax in a dialysis patient are also discussed in this case report

Bianchi type-V modified holographic Ricci dark energy model in self creation theory of gravitation

Anisotropic and spatially homogeneous Bianchi type-V space time is considered in the presence of matter and anisotropic dark energy in Barberâ s (Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 14, 117, 1982) second self creation theory of gravitation. Anisotropic modified holographic Ricci dark energy model is presented using linearly varying deceleration parameter (Akarsu and Dereli: Int. J. Theor. Phys. 51, 612, 2012), energy density of modified holographic Ricci dark energy and relation between the metric potentials. Some physical and kinematical properties of the model are discussed through graphically by choosing suitable values to the parameters and which are found to be in good agreement with modern cosmological observational data.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Plane symmetric modified holographic Ricci dark energy model in Saez-Ballester theory of gravitation

The present work is devoted to investigation of non-static plane symmetric universe filled with matter and anisotropic modified holographic Ricci dark energy components within the framework of a scalar-tensor theory formulated by Saez and Ballester (1986). To get the determinate solution of the model we have used scalar expansion proportional to the shear scalar, linearly varying deceleration parameter and energy density of modified holographic Ricci dark energy. We study the equation of state parameter (ωΛ), deceleration parameter (q), squared speed of sound (vs2) and ωΛ-ωΛ′ and r-s planes for our dark energy model. The equation of state parameter provides a quintom-like behavior of the universe. The r-s plane corresponds to ΛCDM limit, Chaplygin and phantom regions, whereas ωΛ-ωΛ′ trajectories correspond to both thawing and freezing regions. Keywords: Non-static, Plane symmetric, Ricci dark energy, Holographic dark energy, Saez-Ballester theory

Cosmological Evolution of Bianchi type-VIₒ Kaniadakis Holographic Dark Energy Model

The purpose of this paper is to construct anisotropic and spatially homogeneous Bianchi type-VI0 Kaniadakis holographic dark energy (KHDE) model in general relativity. For this purpose, we consider Hubble horizons as the IR cutoff. To obtain a deterministic solution of the field equations of the model we assume a relationship between the metric potentials which leads to an exponential solution and accelerated expansion. In order to investigate the physical behavior of our dark energy model, we obtain some important cosmological parameters like Hubble, deceleration, equation of state and statefinder as well as ωkhde-ω'khde, r-s and r-q planes. We also included the stability analysis for the dark energy model through the squared speed of sound. It is observed that the equation of state parameter shows ΛCDM model at late times. Also, the squared speed of sound gives the stability of KHDE model at initial epoch and model is unstable at late times. Statefinder diagnostic and deceleration parameters exhibit a smooth transition of the universe from decelerating phase to current accelerated expansion of the universe and also correspond to the ΛCDM model at late times. All these cosmological parameters support recent observational data

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors among the urban elderly population in Hyderabad metropolitan city, South India

Background: Deficiency of vitamin D has been associated with various health conditions. However, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and factors associated with VDD are not well studied, especially among the urban elderly population of India. Aim: To assess the prevalence of VDD and its associated factors among the urban free-living elderly population in Hyderabad. Subjects and methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 298 urban elderly (≥60 years) by adapting a random sampling procedure. Demographic particulars were collected. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were recorded using standard equipment. Fasting glucose, lipid profile and 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH) D] were estimated in plasma samples. Results: The mean ± SE plasma vitamin D and the prevalence of VDD among the urban elderly population were 19.3 ± 0.54 (ng/ml) and 56.3%, respectively. The prevalence of VDD was significantly associated with education, high body mass index (BMI), hypertension (HT) and metabolic syndrome (MS). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed HT as a significant predictor of vitamin D deficiency and the risk of VDD was double among the elderly with hypertension. Conclusions: The prevalence of VDD was high among the urban elderly population in the south Indian city of Hyderabad. High BMI, MS, HT and education are significant associated factors of VDD