9 research outputs found
NeuropsiholoŔko funkcioniranje djece s tumorom mozga
In the past few decades, the survivor rate from childhood cancers has significantly increased due to constant modifications and improvements in treatment protocols, so the estimates are that childhood cancer occurs in 1 per 600 children, and that 1 per 450 adolescents or young adults is a long-term cancer survivor. Nevertheless, radiation treatment is still a necessary option that certainly contributes to greater survival rate (75%), until new approaches to patients with malignant diseases are accepted. In our clinical practice, surgical treatment for malignant brain tumor is followed by radio- and chemotherapy tailored according to patient age and tumor type, position and size. During a six-year period, neuropsychological functioning was tested in 21 patients upon completion of treatment and retested in 19 patients in the stage of primary disease remission. Comparison of the test-retest results revealed some, statistically nonsignificant decline in full scale IQ, verbal and performance subscales, and graphomotor skills. However, the results showed a statistically significant improvement in several cognitive functions including short-term memory, information fund (suggesting long-term memory improvement), visuospatial functions measured by object assemble and block design subtests. There were no statistically significant differences between the patients younger and older than 7 years. Results also suggested an improved quality of recovery expressed by numerous school re-entries, without age or sex differences. Trials are continued to follow-up the possible long-term adverse effects of the aggressive oncologic therapy.U posljednjih nekoliko desetljeÄa znaÄajno se poveÄalo preživljavanje djece oboljele od raka zahvaljujuÄi neprekidnim poboljÅ”anjima protokola lijeÄenja. Procjenjuje se da se rak u djetinjstvu javlja u 1 od 600 djece, te da je 1 od 450 adolescenata ili mladih odraslih preživjeli bolesnik lijeÄen od raka u djetinjstvu. LijeÄenje zraÄenjem i dalje je neophodna opcija koja zasigurno doprinosi veÄem postotku preživljavanja (75%) dok ne budu prihvaÄeni novi pristupi u lijeÄenju bolesnika sa zloÄudnim bolestima. U naÅ”oj kliniÄkoj praksi bolesnici sa zloÄudnim tumorom mozga najprije se podvrgavaju neurokirurÅ”kom zahvatu, a zatim odgovarajuÄoj radio- i kemoterapiji, ovisno o dobi djeteta, te vrsti, smjeÅ”taju i veliÄini tumora. U Å”estogodiÅ”njem razdoblju smo nakon provedenog lijeÄenja procjenjivali neuropsiholoÅ”ko funkcioniranje 21 bolesnika, a u daljnjoj fazi remisije osnovne bolesti ponovno testirali njih 19. Usporedba rezultata zabilježenih na prvom i ponovnom testu pokazala je odreÄeno, ali statistiÄki neznaÄajno odstupanje u globalnom IQ (cjelovite ljestvice), kako u verbalnoj tako i u neverbalnoj podljestvici, kao i u grafomotornoj vjeÅ”tini. MeÄutim, ponovno testiranje bolesnika pokazalo je i znaÄajna poboljÅ”anja u nekoliko spoznajnih funkcija, tj. u kratkoroÄnom pamÄenju, fondu informacija (ukazujuÄi na poboljÅ”anja dugoroÄnog pamÄenja), kao i u vizuospacijalnim funkcijama mjerenim subtestovima sastavljanja objekata i kocaka. Nisu naÄene statistiÄki znaÄajne razlike u rezultatima bolesnika mlaÄih i starijih od 7 godina. PoboljÅ”ana kvaliteta oporavka vidljiva je i po brojnom uspjeÅ”nom povratku bolesnika na Å”kolsku nastavu, bez razlika s obzirom na dob i spol. Ispitivanje se nastavlja kako bi se pratile moguÄe dugoroÄne neželjene posljedice primijenjene agresivne onkoloÅ”ke terapije
NeuropsiholoŔko funkcioniranje djece s tumorom mozga
In the past few decades, the survivor rate from childhood cancers has significantly increased due to constant modifications and improvements in treatment protocols, so the estimates are that childhood cancer occurs in 1 per 600 children, and that 1 per 450 adolescents or young adults is a long-term cancer survivor. Nevertheless, radiation treatment is still a necessary option that certainly contributes to greater survival rate (75%), until new approaches to patients with malignant diseases are accepted. In our clinical practice, surgical treatment for malignant brain tumor is followed by radio- and chemotherapy tailored according to patient age and tumor type, position and size. During a six-year period, neuropsychological functioning was tested in 21 patients upon completion of treatment and retested in 19 patients in the stage of primary disease remission. Comparison of the test-retest results revealed some, statistically nonsignificant decline in full scale IQ, verbal and performance subscales, and graphomotor skills. However, the results showed a statistically significant improvement in several cognitive functions including short-term memory, information fund (suggesting long-term memory improvement), visuospatial functions measured by object assemble and block design subtests. There were no statistically significant differences between the patients younger and older than 7 years. Results also suggested an improved quality of recovery expressed by numerous school re-entries, without age or sex differences. Trials are continued to follow-up the possible long-term adverse effects of the aggressive oncologic therapy.U posljednjih nekoliko desetljeÄa znaÄajno se poveÄalo preživljavanje djece oboljele od raka zahvaljujuÄi neprekidnim poboljÅ”anjima protokola lijeÄenja. Procjenjuje se da se rak u djetinjstvu javlja u 1 od 600 djece, te da je 1 od 450 adolescenata ili mladih odraslih preživjeli bolesnik lijeÄen od raka u djetinjstvu. LijeÄenje zraÄenjem i dalje je neophodna opcija koja zasigurno doprinosi veÄem postotku preživljavanja (75%) dok ne budu prihvaÄeni novi pristupi u lijeÄenju bolesnika sa zloÄudnim bolestima. U naÅ”oj kliniÄkoj praksi bolesnici sa zloÄudnim tumorom mozga najprije se podvrgavaju neurokirurÅ”kom zahvatu, a zatim odgovarajuÄoj radio- i kemoterapiji, ovisno o dobi djeteta, te vrsti, smjeÅ”taju i veliÄini tumora. U Å”estogodiÅ”njem razdoblju smo nakon provedenog lijeÄenja procjenjivali neuropsiholoÅ”ko funkcioniranje 21 bolesnika, a u daljnjoj fazi remisije osnovne bolesti ponovno testirali njih 19. Usporedba rezultata zabilježenih na prvom i ponovnom testu pokazala je odreÄeno, ali statistiÄki neznaÄajno odstupanje u globalnom IQ (cjelovite ljestvice), kako u verbalnoj tako i u neverbalnoj podljestvici, kao i u grafomotornoj vjeÅ”tini. MeÄutim, ponovno testiranje bolesnika pokazalo je i znaÄajna poboljÅ”anja u nekoliko spoznajnih funkcija, tj. u kratkoroÄnom pamÄenju, fondu informacija (ukazujuÄi na poboljÅ”anja dugoroÄnog pamÄenja), kao i u vizuospacijalnim funkcijama mjerenim subtestovima sastavljanja objekata i kocaka. Nisu naÄene statistiÄki znaÄajne razlike u rezultatima bolesnika mlaÄih i starijih od 7 godina. PoboljÅ”ana kvaliteta oporavka vidljiva je i po brojnom uspjeÅ”nom povratku bolesnika na Å”kolsku nastavu, bez razlika s obzirom na dob i spol. Ispitivanje se nastavlja kako bi se pratile moguÄe dugoroÄne neželjene posljedice primijenjene agresivne onkoloÅ”ke terapije
Gubitak kriterija mentalne retardacije i smanjenje simptoma autizma u djetinjstvu tijekom petogodiÅ”njeg praÄenja - prikaz sluÄaja
It is usually held that most individuals with childhood autism have poor prognosis. According to our knowledge, a favorable outcome of a child with childhood autism is quite rare and inspires a number of controversies. A 4-year-old boy was diagnosed with childhood autism and mild mental retardation. Interviews and findings reported by other specialists were used in the diagnosis and follow-up that lasted for five years, along with parental counseling and therapy. After three years, regression of the symptoms of childhood autism and loss of the criteria for mental retardation were observed. The difference between the second and first examination was 30 and 24 IQ points. The boy attends regular school with individual approach. Childhood autism and mental retardation should not be viewed as static conditions. Early and intensive therapy is recommended. Some children that make good progress can attend regular school.OpÄenito se smatra da je autizam u djetinjstvu u veÄine osoba loÅ”ije prognoze. Pozitivan ishod djeteta s autizmom je prema naÅ”im saznanjima priliÄno rijedak i pobuÄuje niz proturjeÄja. ÄetverogodiÅ”njem djeÄaku je bio dijagnosticiran autizam i blaža mentalna retardacija. U dijagnostici i praÄenju koje je trajalo oko pet godina primijenili smo kliniÄki psihijatrijski intervju kao i nalaze drugih struÄnjaka. Primijenjeno je savjetovanje roditelja i terapija. Tri godine od prvoga pregleda kod djeÄaka je zabilježena regresija simptoma autizma uz gubitak kriterija za mentalnu retardaciju. Razlika globalnog IQ izmeÄu drugog i prvog ispitivanja ovisno o tehnici bila je 30 i 24 boda. DjeÄak danas polazi osnovnu Å”kolu po redovnom programu uz individualizirani pristup. Mentalnu retardaciju i autizam u djetinjstvu ne treba shvaÄati statiÄno. PreporuÄa se rana intenzivna terapija. Pojedina djeca koja dobro napreduju mogu polaziti redovnu Å”kolu
OsjeÄaji i iskustva bolniÄki lijeÄene djece Å”kolske dobi
The aim of the study was to assess how children and adolescents experience hospitalization and separation from their parents, their home and daily activities, in order to improve the psychosocial quality of hospital stay. Emotions and experiences reported by hospitalized children and adolescents are presented and discussed. First, the concept of fear, the areas of children\u27s interests and their attitude towards staying at hospital for treatment are interpreted. Second, the methods used by medical staff to help children cope with this situation are pointed out. These methods include: 1) allowing parents to be near their children throughout the course of treatment; 2) providing a safe, cheerful, and helpful environment; and 3) giving children opportunities to learn and play. The program entitled For a Child\u27s Smile in Hospital, launched at University Department of Pediatrics, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital, is presented. It is pointed out that giving children emotional support and information they can understand, and involving them in various activities can increase the children\u27s positive interpretation of their disease and their stay at hospital, while also providing an insight into their self-concept as well as other thoughts and feelings. In addition, a review of the study and recommendations for future research are discussed.U radu se opisuje kako djeca i adolescenti doživljavaju bolniÄko lijeÄenje i razdvajanje od roditelja, doma i njihovih svakodnevnih aktivnosti, s namjerom da se poboljÅ”a psihosocijalna kvaliteta boravka u bolnici. Navode se osjeÄaji i iskustva hospitalizirane djece i adolescenata te se o njima raspravlja. Najprije se govori o konceptu straha, podruÄjima zanimanja i stavovima djece prema boravku u bolnici za vrijeme lijeÄenja. Potom se ukazuje na metode Å”to ih medicinsko osoblje primjenjuje kako bi pomoglo djeci nositi se s tim iskustvom. Ove metode ukljuÄuju slijedeÄe: 1. omoguÄiti roditeljima da budu u blizini djece kroz cijelo vrijeme lijeÄenja; 2. osigurati sigurnu, vedru i prijateljsku okolinu; 3. dati djeci moguÄnosti za uÄenje i igru. Opisuje se program naslovljen. Za djeÄji osmijeh u bolnici. koji se provodi u Klinici za pedijatriju KliniÄke bolnice "Sestre milosrdnice". NaglaÅ”ava se kako se djetetovo pozitivno sagledavanje njegove bolesti i boravka u bolnici može osnažiti pružanjem emocionalne potpore i djetetu razumljivih informacija, kao i njegovim ukljuÄivanjem u razne aktivnosti. Kroz to se ujedno može steÄi uvid u djetetovo samopoimanje, njegove misli i osjeÄaje. Uz to, raspravlja se o studiji i daju preporuke za daljnja istraživanja
Experiences with the day care hospital at the Department of pediatrics, University hospital Sestre milosrdnice (Sisters of mercy)
Prva iskustva s dnevnom bolnicom na naÅ”oj Klinici poÄeli smo stjecati u sijeÄnju 2002. godine. Tada je naÅ”u Kliniku, najstariji pedijatrijski odjel u Hrvatskoj, na njezin 98. roÄendan opustoÅ”io katastrofalan požar. Dvadeset i Äetiri sata nakon toga poÄeli smo opservirati i lijeÄiti naÅ”e pacijente u improviziranim bolniÄkim prostorima na Klinici za internu medicinu. Tamo nismo mogli smjestiti svih 98 postelja, jer je dobiveni prostor odgovarao jednoj petini prijaÅ”njeg prostora. Tamo smo smjestili samo 30 stacionarnih ležajeva, dok smo ostale pacijente zbrinuli kroz dnevnu bolnicu. NesvakidaÅ”nja situacija zahtijevala je ulaganje maksimalnog napora te brzu dijagnostiÄku obradu i uÄinkovito lijeÄenje Å”to veÄeg broja bolesnika. Nakon stjecanja nužnog iskustva lijeÄnici, medicinske sestre, kao i pacijenti i njihovi roditelji, bili su zadovoljni takvim naÄinom lijeÄenja, usprkos potpuno neprikladnim smjeÅ”tajnim uvjetima, koji su bili glavni problem u funkcioniranju Klinike do ponovnog preseljenja u nove, obnovljene prostore. Nakon ÄetverogodiÅ”njeg iskustva s dnevnom bolnicom iznijeli bismo naÅ”a prvenstveno pozitivna iskustva, ali i neke probleme s kojima smo se sretali.We began to acquire our first experiences of a day care hospital at our Clinic in January 2002. That was the time when our Clinic, the oldest pediatric department in Croatia, was destroyed by fire on its 98th anniversary. 24 hours after the fire we restarted observation of a number of our patients in an improvised, donated ward of our University hospital, at the Department of internal medicine. We could not accommodate 98 beds on the ward that was only one fifth of the size of our old ward. We equipped only 30 beds for in-patients, while the others were examined and treated in the day-care hospital. This unusual situation required a great deal of effort, quick examinations and efficacious treatment of as large as possible number of patients in the couple of hours a day. After acquiring the necessary experience both doctors, nurses and patients and their parents became content with that kind of treatment despite the absolutely inadequate accommodation which was the main obstacle until we moved into our present, modern renewed facilities. After the four years of experience with the day care hospital we shall say something first about all our positive experiences although we shall mention some problems that occurred
Relationship of demographic, social and health factors, neuroticism and characteristics of emotionality with eating disorders
Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi odnos izmeÄu poremeÄaja hranjenja i demografskih, socijalnih i zdravstvenih Äimbenika, kao i neuroticizma i obilježja emocionalnosti u osoba oboljelih od poremeÄaja hranjenja. Podaci su prikupljani od 2000. do 2010. godine u Klinici za pedijatriju KliniÄke bolnice Sestara milosrdnica u Zagrebu, a ispitana su ukupno 164 pacijenta/ica, 13 muÅ”kog i 151 ženskog spola. Dobni raspon
u vrijeme psiholoÅ”ke obrade kreÄe se od 9,9 do 23,5 godina (prosjeÄna dob 15,6 godina). Podaci su dobiveni kliniÄkim intervjuom te Indeksom profila emocija (PIE) i Crown-Crispovim indeksom iskustva (CCII). Dobiveni rezultati potvrÄuju da je veÄina
oboljelih ženskog spola, a najÄeÅ”Äa dijagnoza je anoreksija. NajuÄestalija dobna skupina za razvoj poremeÄaja je 12-15 godina, a javljanje na psiholoÅ”ku obradu je najÄeÅ”Äe u rasponu od 12 do 15 i od 16 do 19 godina. VeÄina oboljelih ima braÄu/sestre, a poremeÄaj je najÄeÅ”Äi kod najmlaÄeg, potom najstarijeg, a zatim kod srednjeg djeteta u obitelji. VeÄina postiže izvrstan Å”kolski uspjeh. Kao povod za obolijevanje najÄeÅ”Äe navode intrinziÄnu motivaciju. Oboljeli od anoreksije imaju statistiÄki znaÄajno nižu prosjeÄnu vrijednost minimalnog i maksimalnog indeksa tjelesne mase (ITM) u odnosu
na oboljele od bulimije nervoze. Na PIE profilu dobivena je statistiÄki znaÄajna razlika s obzirom na spol na dimenziji bojažljivosti i pristranosti, pri Äemu viÅ”e vrijednosti postižu muÅ”ki pacijenti. S obzirom na tip dijagnoze, nisu dobivene znaÄajne razlike. Na CCEI nisu utvrÄene statistiÄki znaÄajne razlike s obzirom na spol, a s obzirom na dijagnozu pacijentice s anoreksijom postižu niže vrijednosti na opsesivnosti i somatskom iskazivanju anksioznosti.This research is focused on determining the relationship between eating disorders and demographic, social and health factors, as well as determining neuroticism and characteristics of emotionality in persons suffering from eating disorders. The data used were collected from 2000 to 2010 at the Department of Pediatrics, University
Hospital āSestre Milosrdniceā in Zagreb. The sample consists of 164 patients, 13 male and 151 female. The age range recorded at the time of psychological testing was 9.9-23.5 years (average age 15.6 years). The data were obtained from clinical interviews, Emotional Profile Index (PIE) and the Crown Crisp Experiential Index (CCEI). The results showed that the majority of patients were female, most of them suffering from anorexia nervosa. The most common age group in which the disorder is developed is 12-15 years, psychological treatment following somewhat later. Most of the patients have siblings and are the youngest or the oldest child in the family and most of them achieve excellent results in school. As a reason for the disorder they usually state an intrinsic motivation. Patients suffering from anorexia had a statistically significant lower average value of minimum and maximum body mass index (BMI) in relation to those
suffering from bulimia. The obtained PIE profile has shown a statistically significant difference regarding gender on the dimension of self-protection and socially desirable responses, with higher values achieved by male patients. Significant differences were not obtained regarding the type of diagnosis. No statistically significant differences
were found for CCEI profiles with regard to gender, but the results showed that female patients suffering from anorexia nervosa achieve lower values on obsessiveness and somatic expression of anxiety
Utility of camp for children with epilepsy: a retrospective
Cilj: Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je procijeniti dobrobiti obrazovnih i rekreacijskih programa kampiranja za djecu s epilepsijom.
Metoda: Proveden je retrospektivni pregled podataka prikupljenih od sve djece koja su pohaÄala godiÅ”nje kampove za epilepsiju u
organizaciji Hrvatske udruge za epilepsiju i Gradskog ureda za zdravstvo Grada Zagreba tijekom 8 godina. UkljuÄena su djeca u dobi
od 6 do 18 godina. Osoblje kampa ukljuÄuje djeÄje neurologe, psihologe, neuroloÅ”ke medicinske sestre i educirane volontere. Edukativne aktivnosti osmiÅ”ljene su kako bi poboljÅ”ale znanje djece o epilepsiji, važnosti uzimanja lijekova, akademskim izborima, predloženom zaposlenju i propisima koji se odnose na zakone o vožnji. O tim pitanjima raspravljalo se u skupinama ili u pojedinaÄnim
sesijama, ovisno o sluÄaju. Ostale aktivnosti ukljuÄivale su plivanje pod nadzorom, timske sportove, zabavne aktivnosti i igre, umjetnost i rukotvorine te zabavu poput diska ili filmske veÄeri.
Svaki od sudionika ispunio je tri upitnika 1. Upitnik s opÄim podacima i provjeru znanja prije kampa; 2. Upitnik o zadovoljstvu kampom i provjera znanja nakon kampa; 3. Upitnik o prilagodbi na epilepsiju u mladih.
Rezultati: Analize anketa i testova pokazuju da je samo 75% djece u kampu znalo da boluje od epilepsije. U 10% djece prijatelji i dalji
Älanovi obitelji nisu znali za epilepsiju. UsporeÄujuÄi provjeru znanja prije i nakon kampa, prosjeÄan postotak toÄno rijeÅ”enih zadataka na prvom testu je 65%, a na drugom 87%. Odgovori u upitniku o prilagodbi na život s epilepsijom pokazatelji su jake stigme kod
djece s epilepsijom.
ZakljuÄci: Glavno postignuÄe kampa bilo je da djeca steknu samopouzdanje da mogu ostvariti svoj puni potencijal u životu i da se
osjeÄaju ravnopravno sa svojim vrÅ”njacima u svakom aspektu života.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of educational and recreational camping programs for children with
epilepsy.
Method: A retrospective review of data collected from all children attending annual epilepsy camps organized by the Croatian
Epilepsy Association and the Zagreb City Office for Health during 8 years was performed. Children included were between 6 and 18
years of age. The staff of the camp includes child neurologists, a psychologist, neurology nurses and trained volunteers. Educational
activities are designed to improve childrenās knowledge of epilepsy, importance of taking medication, academic choices, suggested
employment, and regulations regarding driving laws. These issues were discussed in groups or in single sessions, depending on the
case. Other activities included supervised swimming, team sports, fun activities and games, arts and crafts and entertainment such
as disco or movie night.
Each of the participants filled out three questionnaires 1. General data questionnaire and pre-camp knowledge test; 2. Camp satisfaction questionnaire and post-camp knowledge test; 3. Questionnaire on adaptation to epilepsy in young people.
Results: The analyses of surveys and tests showed that only 75% of children in camp knew that they had epilepsy. In 10% of children,
friends and distant family members did not know about epilepsy. Comparing the knowledge test before and after the camp, the
average percentage of correctly solved tasks on the first test is 65%, and on the second 87%. The answers in the questionnaire on
adaptation to life with epilepsy are indicators of strong stigma in children with epilepsy.
Conclusions: The main accomplishment of the camp was for children to gain confidence that they can reach their full potential in
life and to feel equal to their peers in every aspect of life